Blekinge Institute of Technology
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Designstrategier för levande offentliga rum mednaturbaserade lösningar
No full textDetta examensarbete undersöker hur designstrategier och naturbaserade lösningar (NBS) kan användas för att utforma offentliga rum som är socialt inkluderande, ekologiskt hållbara och klimatanpassade, Genom en kombination av dokumentstudier, platsanalys, observationer och fallstudier utvecklas två gestaltningsförslag för stadsdelen Hattholmen i Karlskrona - ett torg och en park. Projektet utgår från fyra övergripande teman: social hållbarhet, platsidentitet, naturbaserade lösningar och biomimikry. Resultaten visar att naturbaserade lösningar inte enbart fungerar som tekniska åtgärder för dagvattenhantering och klimatanpassning, utan också kan stärka platsens sociala och estetiska värden. Biomimetiska principer har tillämpats för att efterlikna naturens funktioner och skapa resurseffektiva, upplevelserika stadsmiljöer. Studien betonar vikten av en integrativ designprocess där ekologiska och mänskliga behov samverkar för att skapa resilienta, trygga och levande offentliga rum.
Från fragment till helhet : Ett gestaltande masterarbete om implementering av grön infrastruktur i det urbana landskapet
No full textHur kan man med hjälp av AI fördjupa immersiviteten inom statiska 2D bilder
No full textDetta arbetet undersöker hur Artificiell Intelligens i kombination med visuella tricks kan användas som verktyg för att skapa en djupare och mer immersiv nivå till vardagliga 2D bilder. Arbetet undersöker hur diverse Ai som Automatic1111 (Stable Diffusion), Open AI och Adobe Firefly fungerar i en designprocess samt hur väl tränade dem är på uppgifter som att fylla ut bilder med information utan att skapa artefakter men även att generera depthmaps som tolkar genererad förgrund och bakgrundsinformation på rätt sätt. För att sammanställa den förenämnda tekniken skapades en gestaltning där de fördjupade bilderna kopplas samman med ansiktsspårning för att ge åskådaren en interaktiv, immersiv 3D bild. This paper explores how Artificial intelligence in combination with visual tricks can be used as a toolfor creating a deeper and more immersive level to standard 2D pictures. This paper also explores howdifferent Ai such as Automatic1111 (Stable Diffusion), Open AI and Adobe Firefly works in a designprocess along with how well they are trained at tasks such as expanding images with informationwithout the creation of artefacts as well as the creation of depth maps that interprets generatedforeground and background information. To compile the aforementioned technology a representationwas created where the expanded images were connected together with face tracking to give the vieweran interactive, immersive 3D image
The Influence of Leadership on Adoption and value realization of Generative AI
No full textThis study explores how leadership influences the adoption and application of Generative AI (GenAI) within the private sector in Sweden, with a specific focus on Research and Development (R&D) departments in manufacturing and technology firms. As GenAI emerges as a transformative force with significant potential for innovation and efficiency, understanding the leadership practices that guide its responsible and effective use becomes essential. Drawing on the theoretical lens of Transformational Leadership, the study investigates how leaders support, enable, and challenge the adoption process of GenAI within organizational structures. The study is based on qualitative interviews involving seven leaders and experts across five organizations actively engaged in GenAI initiatives. Thematic analysis revealed six key themes: 1) leadership influence on AI adoption, 2) organizational strategy and processes, 3) training and knowledge-sharing efforts, 4) evaluation and integration challenges, 5) contextual and ethical concerns, and 6) collaboration and future potential. The findings indicate that transformational leadership behaviors such as vision-setting, individual support, and intellectual stimulation are involved in guiding GenAI efforts, but they also reveal inconsistencies in awareness, strategy alignment, and value measurement across firms. The findings suggest that leaders who actively engage with GenAI, promote trainings, and articulate a compelling vision tend to foster greater confidence and initiative among teams adopting the technology. However, leadership influence varied significantly across and within organizations, highlighting inconsistencies in support, understanding, and strategic clarity. Interview Participants also reported challenges in measuring the value of GenAI, with many unsure how to evaluate outcomes or define success. A particularly striking observation was that not all leaders were fully aware of GenAI’s broader potential, and many organizations struggled to define appropriate metrics for assessing its value. The study also faced challenges in data collection, as several potential participants were hesitant to share internal information due to the sensitivity of ongoing AI initiatives. These insights underscore the need for more structured knowledge-sharing platforms and frameworks to assess the impact of GenAI in complex organizational environments. This study contributes to understanding of leadership’s role in technological innovation and opens opportunities for further inquiry into ethical, strategic, and organizational dimensions of AI integration. It also contributes to existing research by contextualizing transformational leadership within the emerging field of GenAI adoption, offering practice-based insights from the Swedish R&D landscape. Looking ahead, future research could explore how different leadership styles (e.g., transactional, distributed, or servant leadership) influence GenAI adoption in various organizational contexts. A comparative or longitudinal design might also reveal how leadership impact evolves as GenAI matures within firms. Another promising direction could involve developing or testing evaluation frameworks specifically tailored to GenAI initiatives in R&D, a gap that emerged clearly in this study
Tetrahedron-Based XPBD Collision and Performance Analysis for Real-Time Soft Body Deformation
No full textBackground. Real-time simulation of soft bodies is an essential part of applications such as computer games, virtual reality, and medical training. Several methods have been used over the years to simulate soft body deformation, such as: • Position-Based Dynamics (PBD), which has become a widely used method because of its stability and performance. • Extended Position-Based Dynamics (XPBD), which has been a great addition to PBD, addressing a lot of its limitations. • Finite element methods (FEM), which remain the standard in many established frameworks such as NVIDIA PhysX. Objectives. This thesis investigates how collision detection and response can be integrated into a tetrahedral-based XPBD framework. Another important objective of this thesis is to compare the developed solution against established frameworks, specifically NVIDIA PhysX, to evaluate and compare performance trade-offs. Methods. Modifying and building on prior work, the original compute shader-based XPBD solution was ported to CUDA to match and align with NVIDIA PhysX’s GPU execution model. This included the incorporation of spatial hashing, broad-phase culling, narrow-phase XPBD resolution, as well as optimization techniques tailored for GPU execution. The system’s performance was evaluated under varying mesh resolutions, object counts, and simulation parameters, with comparative analysis against PhysX. Results. Across several different experiments, each highlighting a specific part of the comparison, the CUDA-based XPBD-implementation delivered consistently lower frame time and computation time than PhysX, but with higher average volume loss. In practice, the implemented collision pipeline was robust and took up roughly 12% of the total simulation time (excluding the sorting stage) whilst scaling linearly with mesh resolution and object count. Conclusions. It is concluded that constraint-based tetrahedral XPBD, with tetrahedral deformation, is preferable to use when performance is most important, whereas PhysX FEM-method preserves volume and fidelity better, so the choice depends on the application’s speed versus realism trade-off
Towards a Framework to Dynamically Adaptive Multi-User Synchronization for Human-centered Intelligent Realities
No full textMulti-user interaction is a key feature in Human-centered Intelligent Realities (HC-IRs). Such distributed Human-centric IRs are an evolved version of Extended Reality (XR) applications aiming at very individual and deep levels of immersiveness in a virtual environment, paired with smart decision-making. HC-IRs use a variety of novel concepts such as spatial computing, Machine Learning/ Deep Learning (ML/DL), or the latest Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) techniques. A challenge in multi-user HC-IRs is to maximize and synchronize the immersiveness across multiple users and probably multiple networking technologies. As more computational effort is needed in multi-user HC-IRs, this challenge, compared with those in single-user or single-network XR applications, is harder to address but also appealingly powerful due to the available networking-computing continuum, e.g., in advanced 5G and future 6G networks. This paper works towards a framework for adaptive multi-user synchronization in distributed HC-IRs, in which different users are interconnected through advanced networks, e.g., using SDN technologies. The framework is based on identifying the user and network control loops within such HC-IRs.This paper was presented at the 20th Swedish National Computer Networking and Cloud Computing Workshop (SNCNW 2025). The workshop does not publish formal proceedings, and the authors retain copyright of their contributions.</p
Att främja egenvård - sjuksköterskans erfarenhet vid diabetes typ 2 : En allmän litteraturöversikt
No full textBakgrund: Diabetes typ 2 är en global hälsoutmaning som berör över 537 miljoner människor, och antalet förväntas stiga till 783 miljoner år 2045. Diabetes typ 2 innebär en minskad insulinkänslighet och oförmåga att reglera blodsockernivåerna, vilket på sikt kan medföra allvarliga komplikationer såsom hjärt-kärlsjukdomar, njurskador och nervskador. För att förebygga följdsjukdomar är egenvård avgörande, där livsstilsförändringar som kost, fysisk aktivitet och följsamhet till behandling spelar en central roll. Trots detta kan egenvård upplevas som en utmaning för många patienter, vilket gör det viktigt att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att främja egenvård. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att främja egenvårdsförmågan hos patienter med diabetes typ 2 Metod: Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ litteraturstudie för att analysera sjuksköterskors erfarenheter för patienters egenvård. Datainsamlingen sker genom systematiska sökningar i databaser som PubMed och CINAHL. Specifika sökord kopplade till ämnet i studien och endast peer-reviewed artiklar från de senaste tio åren. Analysen följdeFribergs modell att göra en integrerande sammanställning av kvalitativ forskning-inspirerad av metasyntes. Resultat: Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter visade att främjandet av egenvårdsförmåga hos patienter med diabetes typ 2 handlade om att stärka patienternas motivation, använda pedagogiska och personcentrerade metoder samt anpassa kommunikationen efter individens utbildning och kompetenshöjning. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskan har en avgörande roll i att främja egenvård hos patienter med diabetes typ 2. Ett personcentrerat och pedagogiskt arbetssätt stärker patientens förståelse, delaktighet och ansvarstagande i sin egenvård. För att möta komplexiteten i diabetesvården krävs att sjuksköterskan kontinuerligt utvecklar sin kompetens för att kunna erbjuda individanpassad och evidensbaserad vård.
Ukrainas motståndskraft och lärdomar för Sverige
No full textDen fullskaliga ryska invasionen av Ukraina 2022 markerade det definitiva slutet på en period av nedrustning och avspänning. I stället befinner sig världen i en fas av militär upprustning och ökade geopolitiska spänningar. För Ukrainas vidkommande ställdes försvarspolitiken och samhällets resiliens på sin spets vid den ryska invasionen. I artikeln fokuseras på framväxten av den ukrainska drönarindustrin och de mekanismer som låg bakom den oväntade och imponerande utvecklingen. Vi är särskilt intresserade av vilka lärdomar som kan dras för Sveriges vidkommande
Systematic Verification and Acceptance of Requirements (SVAR)
No full textTrafikverket is responsible for planning, ordering and accepting deliverables from suppliers and maintaining Sweden’s infrastructure. As a client organization, in the planning phase they have the responsibility to communicate requirements to supplier and set the acceptance criteria for the delivered assets, such as design documents. The verification of deliverables is the responsibility of suppliers. However, due to the large number of regulatory requirements and the extent of the deliverables, a complete verification is often not possible. The supplier has no objective mean to show that all requirements are fulfilled, which increases Trafikverket’s workload when accepting deliverables. In this project, we investigated the means to automate compliance checks (ACC) of digital assets. This overall aim was divided into three objectives. First, we developed a maturity model to assess Trafikverket’s capabilities to implement ACC. We designed the ACC maturity model to be compatible with Trafikverket’s effort to establish a digitalization maturity model. The model consists of four levels, each containing activities that are either lead by the client, supplier or require shared leadership. The capability of performing ACC depends on the degree to which these activities are performed. Second, we analyzed Trafikverket’s regulatory requirements regarding their verifiability, i.e. to what degree it is objectively decidable if a requirement is fulfilled or not. We trained a deep learning model to classify requirements according to four dimensions: target, nature, interpretability and reference. These dimensions allow one to characterize to what degree a requirement is automatically verifiable. We applied this classifier on 18.000 TRVInfra requirements. Third, we developed an automated verification process, based on the analysis of verifiable requirements. The first step in in this process is to make the requirements machine readable so that their information can be queried for further processing. This information can then be used to automatically generate Information Delivery Specifications (IDS), which in turn are the basis for the verification. The verification can then be performed with tools that can check IDS compliance of IFC files. The project was executed in collaboration with HOCHTIEF ViCon who have expertise in the construction domain and complement BTH’s expertise in requirements engineering, verification and natural language processing. The detailed results, together with the project deliverables, are reported in Section 4 to Section 0. The results of the project have the potential to contribute to a more efficient verification process at suppliers. Even though only a fraction of requirements can be automatically verified, this reduction in workload allows engineers to focus on technically difficult requirements. Acceptance testing can then also focus on aspects that are not automatically verifiable, reducing thereby also the workload at Trafikverket and increasing the confidence in the deliverable. As a result of widely adopted ACC, Trafikverket’s projects could see a reduction in cost and lead time, benefiting citizens paying for and using infrastructure.SVAR - Systematic Verification and Acceptance of Requirement
Från industri till ekologi : Ekosystemtjänster vid återanvändning av tidigare exploaterade urbana områden - Ett kombinerat vetenskapligt och gestaltande arbete om integrering av ekosystemtjänster vid återanvändning av tidigare exploaterade områden i den svenska planeringen
No full textFörtätning som strategi för hållbar stadsutveckling har blivit allt mer populär under de senaste åren. Ett vanligt sätt att förtäta staden är att återanvända centralt belägna, tidigare industriområden. Problemet är att förtätning inte per automatik leder till hållbarhet, särskilt när det gäller tillgången till grönska och de ekosystemtjänster den bidrar med. I sådana projekt finns ofta en ökad risk för bland annat urbana värmeöar och översvämningar, vilket gör det särskilt viktigt att förstå och integrera ekosystemtjänster i planeringen. Syftet med detta kandidatarbete är att undersöka vikten av ekosystemtjänster i urban miljö och hur dessa kan implementeras vid förtätningsprojekt där gamla industriområden återanvänds, områden som ofta saknar grundläggande förutsättningar för grönska och ekologiska värden. Studien bygger på en fallstudie av två förtätningsprojekt där ekosystemtjänster och grön infrastruktur integrerats framgångsrikt i planeringsprocessen. Metodmässigt har en kvalitativ dokumentanalys genomförts av planeringsdokument, bilder och strategier med fokus på ekologisk hållbar stadsutveckling. En platsanalys har även genomförts på ett industriområde i Kalmar som planeras att avvecklas med hjälp av Boverkets verktyg ESTER 2.0 samt analytiska designprinciper, då platsen uppfyller kriterierna för ett typiskt förtätningsprojekt. Utifrån analyserna har ett ramverk tagits fram, med mål och strategier som legat till grund för ett gestaltningsförslag av området i Kalmar. Studien visar att ekosystemtjänster har stor betydelse för både miljö och människors välbefinnande. De bidrar bland annat till luftrening, bullerdämpning, dagvattenhantering samt ökad social samhörighet och hälsa. Det framtagna gestaltningsförslaget visar att det är möjligt att genomföra ett förtätningsprojekt som förenar tät stadsstruktur med ekologisk hållbarhet.Densification as a strategy for sustainable urban development has become increasingly popular in recent years. A common approach to densifying cities is through the reuse of centrally located, previously industrial areas. However, densification does not automatically equate to sustainability, particularly when it comes to the availability of greenery and the ecosystem services it provides. Such projects often involve an increased risk of urban heat islands and flooding, making it especially important to understand and integrate ecosystem services in the planning process. The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to investigate the importance of ecosystem services in urban environments and how they can be implemented in densification projects involving the reuse of former industrial sites, areas that often lack the fundamental conditions for greenery and ecological functions. The study is based on a case study of two urban redevelopment projects where ecosystem services and green infrastructure have been successfully integrated into the planning process. Methodologically, a qualitative document analysis was conducted, reviewing planning documents, images, and strategies with a focus on ecologically sustainable urban development. Additionally, a site analysis was carried out on an industrial area in Kalmar that is planned for redevelopment. The analysis used the Swedish National Board of Housing, Building and Planning’s ecosystem service assessment tool ESTER 2.0, combined with analytical design principles, as the site meets the criteria for a typical densification project. Based on the analyses, a framework was developed outlining goals and strategies that guided the design proposal for the Kalmar site. The study demonstrates that ecosystem services are of great importance to both the environment and human well-being. They contribute to air purification, noise reduction, stormwater management, and increased social cohesion and health. The resulting design proposal illustrates that it is possible to implement a densification project that unites compact urban form with ecological sustainability