Blekinge Institute of Technology
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RECS - Resilience in electricity & charging systems - challenges and opportunities with marine public transport
No full textTransportsektorn står för en betydande del av världens växthusgasutsläpp, och projektets mål är att minska dessa genom att förbättra resiliens, energieffektivitet och miljöpåverkan samt optimera ett marint transportsystem. Vattenburen kollektivtrafik har stor potential att minska trängsel och öka kapaciteten i städer, särskilt genom att utnyttja vattenvägar i kombination med väg- och spårtrafiknät. Projektet har undersökt olika lösningar för ett marint transportsystem, med särskilt fokus på energieffektivitet, laddning, energilagring och infrastruktur. Ett centralt mål har varit att utveckla en modell för att optimera ett system som kan motstå störningar i energiförsörjningen. Genom simuleringar har systemets dimensionering, batterilagring och användning av bränsleceller utvärderats för att förbättra både resiliens och driftsäkerhet. Resultaten visar att det är möjligt att utveckla ett mer resilient och flexibelt transportsystem genom att kombinera elektrifiering, landbaserade batterilager och bränsleceller ombord på fartyg. Detta system har potential att minska klimatpåverkan, förbättra tillgängligheten och öka transporteffektiviteten, särskilt i städer. Simuleringarna indikerar att systemet kan minska både energi- och tidsåtgång i urban trafik. För att vidareutveckla systemet planeras framtida tester och optimering med hjälp av AI för realtidsdrift samt tester av systemet i Karlskrona. Dessutom undersöks möjligheten att implementera en dual-use-användning av systemet, vilket skulle göra det möjligt att använda färjorna för andra ändamål, såsom evakuering av civila och djur eller transport av förnödenheter och skadade.The transport sector accounts for a significant share of the world's greenhouse gas emissions, and the project's goal is to reduce these by improving resilience, energy efficiency and environmental impact, and optimizing a marine transport system. Waterborne public transport has great potential to reduce congestion and increase capacity in cities, especially by utilizing waterways in combination with road and rail transport networks.The project has investigated different solutions for a marine transport system, with a particular focus on energy efficiency, charging, energy storage and infrastructure. A central goal has been to develop a model to optimize a system that can withstand disruptions in energy supply. Through simulations, the system's dimensioning, battery storage and use of fuel cells have been evaluated to improve both resilience and operational reliability.The results show that it is possible to develop a more resilient and flexible transport system by combining electrification, land-based battery storage and fuel cells on board ships. This system has the potential to reduce climate impact, improve accessibility and increase transport efficiency, especially in cities. The simulations indicate that the system can reduce both energy and time consumption in urban traffic. To further develop the system, future tests and optimization using AI for real-time operation are planned, as well as tests of the system in Karlskrona. In addition, the possibility of implementing a dual-use use of the system is being investigated, which would make it possible to use the ferries for other purposes, such as evacuating civilians and animals or transporting supplies and injured people
Interference Mitigation in FMCW Radars : Adaptive Methods for Automotive Applications
No full textRadar interference has become a serious and multifaceted issue for the automotive industry due to the rapid growth of Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) sensors in modern vehicles. The dense deployment of radar sensors led to mutual jamming effects and, therefore, can be considered as a form of radio pollution. Fortunately, FMCW radar, by modulating information over both time and frequency domains simultaneously, benefits from multiple degrees of freedom for the separation of multiple transceived signals. However, in the absence of a common standard for sensor manufacturers, the interference effect is still a challenge. This research addresses the interference issue in FMCW radar by developing extensions for the existing solutions and technology. We focus our research on time domain processing using a Two Dimensional (2D) Autoregressive (AR) model, which is employed for estimation and reconstruction of affected parts of the signal. The 2D sampling technique was able to model the signal in a smaller regression window size with the same accuracy compared to the One Dimensional (1D) counterpart model. Further, the developed AR was equipped with dynamic sampling and sample substitution techniques to be able to act as an adaptive mitigator for various interference patterns in radar data. The designed mitigator was applied to several experimental signals collected from practical vehicle maneuvers to evaluate its mitigation performance. Results validated the capability of the Two Dimensional Autoregressive (2DAR) mitigator for recovering the detected signal towards its original form. In the second part of this work, the challenging problem of synchronization of multiple radars is studied for generating a controllable interfered signal and also developing a multi-radar measurement platform. However, a fully synchronized scenario demands an advanced and customized design, but with a simple frame-level synchronization, many aspects and capabilities of current radar sensors could be identified in this study. The framelevel synchronization led to the generation of a semi-controllable spread ghost target, which was later focused by the proposed compensation technique. Eventually, the ghost generation and compression processes are introduced as a possible solution for interference in limited environments
Illamående och kräkningar vid cytostatika: Vuxna patienters erfarenheter av cytostatikainducerat illamående och kräkningar : En allmän litteraturöversikt
No full textBakgrund: Antalet personer som drabbas av cancer ökar, vilket innebär att sjuksköterskor under sin yrkeskarriär med största sannolikhet kommer att möta patienter med cancer. Cytostatika används ofta i behandlingen och kan ge påfrestande biverkningar som illamående och kräkningar, vilket påverkar näringsintag, livskvalitet och behandling. Sjuksköterskan har en central roll i att stödja patientens fysiska och psykiska hälsa, lindra symtom och främja återhämtning. Att belysa dessa effekter kan bidra till förbättrad omvårdnad och trygghet. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa vuxna patienters erfarenheter av cytostatikainducerat illamående och kräkningar samt hur dessa symtom påverkar deras livskvalitet. Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats som baserats på fem kvalitativa respektive åtta kvantitativa artiklar. Databaserna CINAHL och PubMed valdes för att identifiera relevant litteratur i enlighet med studiens syfte. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades enligt Fribergs granskningsmall och analysen genomfördes enligt Fribergs dataanalys. Resultat: De tre huvudkategorierna som presenteras är CINV:s påverkan på kropp, vardag och funktion, Emotionella och sociala konsekvenser av CINV samt Kommunikation, stöd och strategier för att bevara livskvalitet vid CINV. Dessa mynnar sedan ut i underkategorierna: Känslomässigt lidande och psykologisk sårbarhet, Förändrade relationer och social tillbakadragning, Upplevelser av att inte bli förstådd vid kommunikation samt Självhantering och acceptans. Slutsats: CINV är ett komplext fenomen som påverkar både kropp, psyke och socialt liv. Symtomen kan skapa sårbarhet och isolering, men egenstrategier och vårdstöd bidrar till trygghet och acceptans. Sjuksköterskans centrala roll blir att kombinera antiemetisk behandling med personcentrerad kommunikation för att lindra lidande och bevara autonomi. En fördjupad förståelse av patienters erfarenheter är avgörande för att utveckla individanpassade och evidensbaserade omvårdnadsåtgärder som främjar livskvalitet.
Network Security : Centralized vs Decentralized approach for Zero Trust Intrusion Detection System
No full textThis thesis compares two different approaches to an intrusion detection system (IDS), a centralized IDS (CIDS) and decentralized IDS (DIDS) in a zero trust architecture (ZTA), with the aim of identifying the preferred approach to use in enterprise networks. The research objectives used to find the result are advantages and disadvantages, vulnerabilities and threats, performance, scalability as well as criteria for the approaches.The method being used is a matrix based literature review, which both identifies and comparesthe research objectives for each approach. Each risk and each feature has a big difference in importance. Various criteria are measured and analyzed in the study, to find a well researched outcome.The outcome finds that there is no clear answer to which approach is better. Meanwhile the analysis found that the preferred approach is based on the most relevant criteria for the type of enterprise network. This study intends to provide help for enterprise networks in selecting themost appropriate approach for an IDS [1].Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of organizations being well informed when deciding on a preferred approach.
An Analysis of Generative AI Capabilities in Security Testing : Evaluating Static Code Analysis Performance
No full textBackground – In today's technology-driven world, ensuring the security of software systems is paramount due to increasing dependency on these systems across all sectors. Security testing, specifically static code analysis, plays a vital role in detecting vulnerabilities before they are exploited. Traditional static analysis tools, such as SonarQube, often struggle to detect complex vulnerabilities, prompting the exploration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for enhanced security testing. Objectives – This thesis aims to evaluate the performance of two Generative AI models, ChatGPT and Gemini, in static code analysis for security testing and compare these AI models with each other and with a traditional static code analysis tool, SonarQube, to determine their effectiveness in detecting software vulnerabilities. Methods – Method used in this thesis is experimentation which enabled me to gather empirical evidence through a controlled environment with controlled variables. It enabled me to compare the performance of ChatGPT, Gemini & SonarQube, this comparison also helped me in identifying a superior performing model. Results – Both AI models outperformed SonarQube in vulnerability detection. ChatGPT demonstrated slightly better performance in identifying the specific code responsible for vulnerabilities compared to Gemini. Conclusions – Through the course of this thesis it has become evident that GenAI models offer solid performance when it comes to static code analysis in vulnerability assessment. They show promise and have presented their case by showcasing their superior performance, that they are very much able to assist or even replace the traditional SAST tools in some scenarios
Integrating Digital Twins and Extended Reality for Smart PSS Design : A Case Study on Smart Electric Tour Bus Development
No full textThe increasing digitalization of manufacturing is transforming product development towards intelligent, service-oriented systems. This study explores the application of Digital Twins (DT) technology in smart Product Service System (sPSS) design, proposing a framework of Super-System Digital Twin (SSDT) and eXtended Reality (XR) for supporting design. The SSDT integrates service offerings, user scenarios, and product features throughout the design process. Case is applied to the conceptual design of a Smart Electric Tourist Bus in collaboration with aglobal manufacturer, the framework utilizes eXtended Reality (XR) environment to enhance decision-making and prototyping. This research validates SSDT’s role in fostering participatory design and collaborative innovation, while addressing its limitations and proposing future improvements
Special issue editorial : Management of industrial symbiosis and convergence in a process-industrial context
No full textComparative analysis of agile practices across software organisations in Europe and the USA
No full textBackground: Agile practices were present in the software industry from the 70s. It is believed that agile practices are meant to solve problems faced with the traditional development process. Since software development is uncertain, the approach needs to be adaptable according to the needs of the project. Since this process involves many people from different locations and backgrounds, it is fair to explore how agile practices are being adapted differently based on the location. Objectives: The goal of this study is to provide insights into how adaptation of agile practices can be different in Europe and the USA. Three objectives were defined in order to achieve this goal. 1)Identifying the differences in adaptation of agile practices between the Euro- pean and US agile teams. 2)Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on agile practices in European and US teams. 3)Understanding the changes made in identified agile practices after COVID-19 when people are back in office. Method: The research method for this study is semi-structured interviews because of the flexibility it offers to extract useful information from the participants in a conversational style. The data collected from the interviews is analysed through a grounded theory approach as it is suitable to derive information from qualitative data based on patterns, behaviours and actions. Results: A total of 11 participants contributed to this study. Six of them are based in Europe while the other five are based in the USA. It has been understood that the background of the person and the culture of the team’s working location affects how agile practices are being adapted. Coming to the teams being able to transition to remote work during the pandemic was easy as everything was already remote work friendly and there was not a lot of change in how the agile practices were adapted except for the frequency of stand-ups increasing as there was a constant need for communication which went back to normal when everyone is back in office after the pandemic. Conclusions: The background of the team members and the geographical location of the team do influence the team’s way of working. While the agile practices are similar in all the teams, the frequency of the agile-specific meetings and how strictly they stick to these principles vary from each team
Technological Innovations and Financial Performance : A Comprehensive Analysis of Motorola Solutions
No full textThis thesis examines an essential relationship between technological innovation and financial performance of Motorola Solutions as a technology enterprise. In the thick of fierce global competition and rapid technological revolution, having impactful product innovation is vital for the companies' success. This paper explores the implications of innovative technologies and R&D activities on Motorola Solutions' financial performance. The objective of this paper is to analyze how technological innovations impact financial indicators and suggest financial strategies based on the conclusions. Moreover, the paper chronologically retells the story and talks about Motorola Solutions'path that leads the communication technological development. Hence, this study tried to conclude the useful information that enables academia and practical decision-making in comparable organizations to attain enhanced understanding of the intersection between technology and financial performance.This paper looks at how technological innovation influences firm performance, while giving an intellectual explanation of theories such as Schumpeterian theory as well as Resource Based View. It deals with empirical evidence about R&D, acquisitions, capex, and patents, which are weighted with their influence on the key performance indicators. The study reveals the ever-growing strategic role of technological innovation in improving competitiveness, boosting innovations, and for attaining sustainable development goals for business enterprises. The research outcomes will pave a way for sound strategic decision making in the face of an always-changing business environment, exposing the imperative of innovation in improving firm performance
Mitigating the Effect of Networks on Mobile Video Quality of Experience
No full textThe rapid growth in mobile video consumption, driven by advancements in mobile devices and network infrastructure, has raised user expectations for seamless video Quality of Experience (QoE) despite improvements in video streaming, network impairments like packet loss, delay, jitter, and outages. For instance, outages can cause visual artifacts like freezing, jumping, and missing frames, which negatively affect user perception. Understanding the relationship between network performance and QoE is crucial for improving user satisfaction. This thesis investigates the impact of network performance on mobile video QoE and proposes strategies to mitigate these effects. The objectives include: (1) understanding TCP/IP’s role in influencing QoE, (2) exploring the effects of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters such as delay, jitter, and packet loss on video quality, (3) analyzing the impact of network outages on QoE, and (4) developing a buffer-based solution to mitigate network disruptions. The research employs theoretical modeling, controlled emulation experiments, and subjective assessments to evaluate QoE. The QoE Hourglass Model links network-layer parameters to user-perceived quality. Subjective tests, guided by ITU-T recommendations, use the Absolute Category Rating (ACR) method and Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) to assess video quality under various conditions. Additionally, the effectiveness of a sender buffer mechanism is tested through statistical analyses and user evaluations. The findings reveal that network impairments, especially packet loss and delay variation, significantly degrade QoE. The QoE Hourglass Model provides a structured framework for understanding these effects. Experimental results show that higher frame rates and proactive buffering improve user perception. Perceptual Evaluation of Video Quality (PEVQ) and Temporal Quality Metric (TQM) measurements correlate with user ratings but are less accurate in predicting video freezes. The sender buffer mechanism effectively reduces freeze durations and enhances QoE during network outages. This research emphasizes the impact of network impairments on video QoE and offers practical solutions, such as the sender buffer mechanism, to mitigate disruptions and enhance user satisfaction in video streaming