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Фактори впливу на ефективність антикризових PR-кампаній Factors influencing the effectiveness of a crisis PR campaign
Get PDFThis research aims to identify and characterise key influencing factors that impact the effectiveness of crisis communication campaigns. This study has identified and characterised key factors influencing the effectiveness of crisis communication campaigns, namely the speed of the company's response to a crisis, clearly defined roles and responsibilities of the company's crisis management team, the nature of the crisis, understanding public sentiment, and the choice of communication channels. Factors influencing the presence of a crisis management team within a company have been characterised. This study has shown that a company's consideration of the nature of a crisis will impact the definition of the crisis communication campaign's objectives, understanding of stakeholder needs, and considering their specific characteristics and values when conveying messages into the information space, which will facilitate the application of appropriate crisis communication measures to achieve the stated goal. It has been determined that understanding public sentiment will enable companies to employ crisis communication tools that can effectively shape public opinion regarding the company's crisis and/or influence its trajectory. The importance of selecting communication channels for crisis communication campaigns has been substantiated, as each audience has its specific communication channels that depend on the speed of information delivery, the level of trust in communication channels, the interaction of communication channels, and other factors.The conducted research has demonstrated the importance of considering factors influencing the effectiveness of crisis communication campaigns for modern companies that constantly face the threat of crises in their operations. Understanding the specific characteristics of factors affecting the effectiveness of crisis communication campaigns will not only enable the minimisation of negative consequences of a situation but also provide opportunities for the company's growth and resilience.Метою дослідження статті є визначення ключових факторів впливу та їх характеристик, врахування особливостей яких позначаються на ефективності антикризових PR-кампаній. Було визначено та охарактеризовано ключові фактори, від впливу яких буде залежати ефективність антикризових PR-кампаній, а саме: швидкість реакції компанії на виникнення кризи, чітко визначені ролі та відповідальність членів антикризової команди компанії, характер кризи, розуміння настроїв в суспільстві та вибір комунікаційних каналів. Охарактеризовано чинники, від яких залежить наявність антикризової команди в компанії. Доведено, що врахування компанією характеру кризи впливатиме на визначення мети антикризової PR-кампанії, розуміння потреб стейкхолдерів, врахування їх особливостей та цінностей при донесенні меседжів в інформаційний простір, що допоможе в застосуванні відповідних заходів антикризових PR-кампанії для досягнення поставленої мети. Визначено, що розуміння настроїв в суспільстві допоможе компаніям застосовувати такі інструменти антикризових PR-кампаній, які зможуть слушно формувати думку суспільства щодо кризи компанії та/або впливати на її зміни. Обґрунтовано важливість вибору комунікаційних каналів для антикризової PR-кампанії тим, що кожна аудиторія має свої притаманні її вимогам канали комунікації, що залежать від швидкості донесення інформації, рівня довіри до комунікаційних каналів, взаємодії комунікаційних каналів та ін.Проведене дослідження показало важливість врахування факторів впливу на ефективність антикризової PR-кампанії для сучасних компаній, які в своїй діяльності постійно знаходяться під загрозою наставання криз. Від розуміння особливостей факторів впливу на ефективність антикризової PR-кампанії буде залежати не тільки можливість мінімізувати негативні наслідки кризи, а й перспектива зростання та стійкості компанії
Effect of Firm's Attribute on Value Relevance of Accounting Information of Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria
Get PDFThe objective of this study centres around a fundamental aspect of business health. It provides an empirical analysis of how various characteristics of firms influence the value relevance of accounting data among listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria, covering a timeframe from 2017 to 2023. The research sample comprises ten companies, with the firm attributes examined including size, age, leverage, and the count of institutional stakeholders. Book value serves as the indicator of value relevance in accounting information. Using panel regression analysis conducted through E-Views, the study establishes a positive correlation between firm attributes and the value relevance of accounting information. Significant findings include the positive impact of firm size on value relevance, coupled with a considerable negative influence attributed to firm age.Furthermore, while leverage's effect remains negative and statistically insignificant, the number of institutional investors emerges as a significant positive factor. The research concludes that larger firms typically enjoy higher book values, older firms face performance challenges, and institutional investors provide crucial oversight that protects other shareholder interests. The recommendations suggest that publicly listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria should aim to decrease their leverage and enhance equity financing options to alleviate the financial burdens incurred from external debt
The Influence of Gender on the Lexical Content of Fiction (on the Material of the Azerbaijani Language)
Get PDFВ статье исследуются лексические особенности женской прозы с акцентом на гендерные различия в языке. Автор анализирует лексические формы проявления в речи женщин, включая частое использование эвфемизмов, табуированных слов, благословений и проклятий, а также эмоционально окрашенных выражений. В работе приводится сравнительный анализ мужской и женской речи, основанный на примерах из художественной литературы. Особое внимание уделяется статистическому анализу, демонстрирующему различия в употреблении слов с религиозным и эмоциональным подтекстом, таких как «Боже», которые значительно чаще встречаются в женской прозе. Исследование также выявляет влияние психологических и социальных факторов на лексический состав речи, что отражается на характере употребления синонимов, антонимов и многозначных слов. Результаты исследования подчеркивают, что гендерные различия в языке являются естественным проявлением различий в физиологии, психологии и социальных ролях мужчин и женщин. Статья представляет интерес для лингвистов, социологов и специалистов, изучающих гендерные аспекты языка, а также для широкого круга читателей, интересующихся вопросами взаимодействия языка, пола и культуры.The article explores the lexical peculiarities of women's prose, focusing on gender differences in language. The author analyses lexical forms of manifestation in women's speech, including frequent euphemisms, taboo words, blessings and curses, and emotionally coloured expressions. The paper provides a comparative analysis of male and female speech based on examples from fiction. Particular attention is paid to statistical analyses showing differences in the use of words with religious and emotional connotations, such as ‘God’, which are significantly more common in women's prose. The study also reveals the influence of psychological and social factors on the lexical composition of speech, which is reflected in the use of synonyms, antonyms and polysemous words. The study results emphasise that gender differences in language are a natural manifestation of differences in physiology, psychology and social roles of men and women. The article is of interest to linguists, sociologists and specialists studying gender aspects of language, as well as to a wide range of readers interested in the interaction of language, gender and culture
Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: Investigating the Impact of Governance Structures on Economic Outcome
Get PDFThe paper investigates the impact of corporate governance structures on firm performance by examining how such governance mechanisms drive economic outcomes. Corporate governance is the system of rules, practices, and processes by which companies are directed and controlled. The study evaluates the various governance structures which include the board of directors, executive management, shareholders, and the effectiveness of regulatory committee structures and how they have combined to yield an influence on financial performance, risk management, and long-term value creation. Through an extensive review of empirical studies and theoretical perspectives, the paper highlights how governance frameworks enhance various aspects in an organization such as transparency, accountability, and ethical decision-making within firms. The paper explores ways through which these structures of governance can positively affect economic outcomes of an organization through improved performance of firms, effective risk management, improved financial reporting, earning management, and high-level financial reporting quality. The results of this study prove that well-constituted governance frameworks are relevant in ensuring economic success and securing the long-term sustainability of firms. The paper also offers insights to policymakers, investors, and corporate leaders on why robust corporate governance practices need to be adopted if firm performance is to be optimized with implications for broad economic stability and growth
The Pragmatic Function of Metonymic Expressions in the Novel "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban"
Get PDF1. Barcelona, A. (Ed.). (2000). Metaphor and Metonymy at the Crossroads. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.2. Jakobson, R. (1956). Two Aspects of Language and Two Types of Aphasic Disturbances. Retrieved from https://commons.princeton.edu/shakespeares-language/wp-content/uploads/sites/41/2017/09/Jakobson-Two-Aspects-of-Language-and-Two-Types-of-Aphasic-Disturbances.pdf3. Kecskes, I. (2014). Intercultural Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.4. Radden, G., & Kövecses, Z. (1999). Towards a Theory of Metonymy. Metonymy in Language and Thought, 17–59. doi: 10.1075/hcp.4.03rad5. Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors We Live By. Retrieved from https://ceulearning.ceu.edu/pluginfile.php/100337/mod_forum/attachment/9319/Metaphors%20We%20Live%20By.pdf6. Sperber, D., & Wilson, D. (1995). Relevance: Communication and Cognition. Blackwell.7. Wodak, R. (2009). The Discourse of Politics in Action. Palgrave Macmillan UK. doi: 10.1057/97802303165398. Rowling, J. (2015). Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. Bloomsbury: Bloomsbury Publishing.
Algorithmic Fairness in Recruitment: Designing AI-Powered Hiring Tools to Identify and Reduce Biases in Candidate Selection
Get PDFThe study looks into how artificial intelligence (AI) affects hiring procedures, focusing on the fairness of the algorithms that drive these tools. AI has improved the efficiency of the hiring process, yet its use results in institutionalised discrimination. The AI systems used for recruitment, which base evaluations on past performance data, have the potential to discriminate against minority candidates as well as women through unintentional actions. The ability of AI systems to decrease human biases during recruitment encounters major challenges, as Amazon's discriminatory resume screening demonstrates the issues in systemic bias maintenance. This paper discusses the origins of algorithmic bias, including biased training records, defining labels, and choosing features, and suggests debiasing methods. Methods such as reweighting, adversarial debiasing, and fairness-aware algorithms are assessed for suitability in developing unbiased AI hiring systems. A quantitative approach is used in the research, web scraping data from extensive secondary sources to assess these biases and their mitigation measures. A Fair Machine Learning (FML) theoretical framework is utilised, which introduces fairness constraints into machine learning models so that hiring models do not perpetuate present discrimination. The ethical, legal, and organisational ramifications of using AI for recruitment are further examined under GDPR and Equal Employment Opportunity law provisions. By investigating HR practitioners' experiences and AI-based recruitment data, the study aims to develop guidelines for designing open, accountable, and equitable AI-based hiring processes. The findings emphasise the value of human oversight and the necessity of regular audits to guarantee equity in AI hiring software and, consequently, encourage diversity and equal opportunity during employment
Comparative Analysis of GitOps Tools and Frameworks
Get PDFThis paper presents an in-depth assessment of four notable GitOps tools: Argo CD, Flux, Jenkins X, and Weaveworks. GitOps is a methodology used for the uninterrupted delivery of cloud-native applications, facilitating the seamless encapsulation of infrastructure as code. The study presents these assessments based on key effectiveness indices, including performance, scalability, integration, usability, and security. It contains benchmark tests to demonstrate the applicability of each tool in various multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud scenarios, as well as other realistic settings.Furthermore, the paper examines the security aspect of these tools and their relevance as one of the components of DevSecOps. The book also presents case studies that show how organisations have used these tools, highlighting both the benefits and drawbacks of their application. The result presents a matrix for decision-making for organisations that wish to implement the GitOps mode of operation within their DevOps workflows in both small and large organisational contexts. This section examines the prospects of GitOps and explains its necessity in the context of emerging developments in cloud-native development, with special emphasis on scalability and security issues
The Impact of Lifestyle and Dietary Antioxidants on Diabetes: A Comprehensive Review of Prevention and Management Strategies
Get PDFDiabetes mellitus is a pervasive global health crisis characterised by chronic hyperglycemia, leading to severe microvascular and macrovascular complications. Oxidative stress, an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, is a central pathogenic mechanism, impairing insulin production and exacerbating insulin resistance. This comprehensive review synthesises evidence on the pivotal role of lifestyle modifications and dietary antioxidants in diabetes prevention and management. Findings reveal that integrated lifestyle interventions are fundamental, encompassing balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, weight management, stress reduction, and optimised sleep. Moreover, dietary antioxidants, including Vitamins C, E, carotenoids, and polyphenols, sourced from whole foods, demonstrate protective effects against diabetes risk and improve metabolic parameters. Notably, whole food consumption is superior to isolated antioxidant supplements, which have shown inconsistent efficacy and potential prooxidant effects at high doses. The most effective strategy for mitigating diabetes and its complications involves a synergistic approach, combining comprehensive lifestyle changes with antioxidant-rich diets. Future research should focus on personalised nutrition and the intricate interplay between diet, the gut microbiome, and metabolism
Enhancing STEM Workforce Retention through Leadership Communication: A Comparative Analysis Study of Nigerian STEM Organisations
Get PDFThis research examined the correlation between leadership communication practices and employee engagement, job satisfaction, and retention in five Nigerian public institutions focused on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (NITDA, NCAIR, NASRDA, NABDA, and RMRDC), against the backdrop of global STEM labour force sustainability issues. Due to a convergent mixed methods design, 20 survey respondents and 10 qualitative interviews were used. Quantitatively, the strongest predictors of retention intent were identified as feedback mechanisms (r = 0.70) and transparency (r = 0.70), with the regression model explaining 56% of the variance in this type of retention intention (R² = 0.56). Communication frequency was moderately correlated (r = 0.65) but not statistically significant in predicting retention. A thematic analysis of the interview data collected in the study revealed four dominant communication themes: openness, feedback loops, leadership tone, and recognition. They have developed a comparative institutional framework, which reveals that NCAIR and NITDA agencies, characterised by participative and transparent communication cultures, exhibit the highest employee engagement and retention intent scores.In contrast, NASRDA and NABDA, with their more hierarchical communication structures, report lower satisfaction scores. The paper concludes by discussing the use of two-way transparent communication and feedback avenues of leadership as strategic levers that further drive retention in the Nigerian innovation ecosystem. It proposes its institutionalisation through professional and policy changes in arrangement and guidelines
Participation of a Defence Lawyer in the Conduct of Investigative Actions to Collect Evidence
Get PDFThe article's purpose is to analyse the procedural rights and duties of a defence lawyer when participating in investigative activities aimed at gathering evidence. It seeks to clarify the legal framework governing this participation and to identify challenges that may hinder a lawyer's effective involvement. The study aims to provide recommendations for enhancing the existing legislation and its practical application.The researchers found that, despite legal provisions, investigative authorities often limit defence lawyers' participation in investigative actions through procedural and psychological barriers. These findings highlight a gap between the de jure rights of the defence and their de facto realisation. The study concludes that greater procedural clarity and stronger legal guarantees are necessary to ensure the equality of arms between the prosecution and the defence.The study's scientific novelty lies in its integrated approach, combining a detailed legal analysis with empirical data from legal practitioners, offering a fresh perspective on a long-standing issue. Its originality stems from the way the study focuses on the practical challenges defence lawyers face and offers unique insights that previous academic work has largely overlooked. The research proposes a new theoretical model to understand and enhance the role of defence lawyers, moving beyond traditional interpretations.The practical significance of this study lies in its potential to inform legislative reform and judicial practice, ultimately leading to more robust protections for the rights of the accused. The findings provide a valuable resource for legal practitioners, helping them better understand their rights and develop more effective defence strategies. The article's recommendations can contribute to a fairer and more balanced criminal justice system, thereby increasing public trust in the legal process.