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Eine Community-Datentreuhand für die gemeinsame Nutzung sensibler Daten in der Kommunikationswissenschaft
Get PDFDieser Beitrag diskutiert das Konzept einer Community-Datentreuhand (CDT), das entwickelt wurde, um eine gemeinsame Erstellung und Nutzung sensitiver Daten in der Erforschung rechtsextremer Onlinekommunikation zu erleichtern. Die Besonderheit dieses Datentreuhandmodells ist, dass die Treuhand nicht zwischen einem Datengeber (als Monopolist) und Datennutzenden vermittelt, sondern die Nutzenden selbst in die Erstellung und Pflege des Datenbestandes eingebunden sind. Nützlich ist eine Community-Datentreuhand, wenn die Zusammenführung fragmentierter Datenbestände den wissenschaftlichen Wert der Daten erhöht. Wir zeigen am Beispiel der Forschung zur rechtsextremen Onlinekommunikation, wie eine Community-Datentreuhand aufgebaut sein kann, um die gemeinsame Datennutzung zu ermöglichen und die Datenqualität zu optimieren. Zentraler Baustein akteursbasierter Ansätze in der politischen Onlinekommunikationsforschung sind Accountlisten einschlägiger Akteure und Netzwerke, die als Grundlage für automatisierte Datenerhebungen auf verschiedenen Online-Plattformen und Messengerdiensten genutzt werden. Die Erstellung dieser Listen ist sehr aufwändig. Durch die gemeinsame Nutzung dieser Listen können Forschende den Arbeitsaufwand erheblich verringern und die Qualität ihrer Daten verbessern. Allerdings ist das Teilen von Daten in sensiblen Bereichen aufgrund rechtlicher Unsicherheiten und begrenzter Anreize für einzelne Forschende nach wie vor die Ausnahme. Die CDT bietet Lösungen für diese Probleme an, indem sie eine Forschungsinfrastruktur einrichtet, die Accountlisten als gemeinschaftliche Ressource verwaltet, die von der Forschungsgemeinschaft nach selbst festgelegten Regeln genutzt werden können. Die Datentreuhand fußt auf dem Prinzip der Reziprozität, das heißt, Forschende, die für eigene Forschungsprojekte auf die Listen zugreifen, müssen Datenprüfungen und ggf. Aktualisierungen vornehmen, wobei eine Online-Datenbank diesen Austausch und die gemeinsame Datenpflege technisch unterstützt. Dazu implementiert die CDT technische und organisatorische Maßnahmen für den Datenschutz und Datensicherheit und bietet eine Struktur, die (1) die gemeinsame Nutzung von Daten fördert, (2) Vertrauen und Rechtssicherheit schafft, (3) die Datenqualität verbessert und (4) die Sicherheit der Forschenden erhöht
Financing Partnership in Improving the Quality of Education: Case Study at State Elementary Schools 46 and 7 Cakranegara, Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aims to determine: 1) The form of partnership in improving the quality of education in Public Elementary Schools in Cakranegara District; 2) Management of educational financing partnerships in improving the quality of education in Public Elementary School 46 and Public Elementary School 7, Cakranegara, Indonesia. The researcher employs a qualitative approach, specifically a case study research design, and collects data through interviews, observations, and documentation techniques. In addition to the data analysis techniques employed during data collection, data condensation, data display, data drawing, and verification of conclusions are also used. The findings and analysis of the research show that: 1) The Management of Financing Partnerships in Improving the Quality of Education at State Elementary School 46 and State Elementary School 7 Cakranegara has been implemented by the functions of planning, organising, implementing and supervising. 2) The form of Financing Partnerships in Improving the Quality of Education at State Elementary School 46 and State Elementary School 7 Cakranegara can be said to be very good and can improve the quality of education. Its principles and characteristics guide the implementation, and stakeholders have effectively put it into practice. The Education Financing Partnership at State Elementary School 46 and State Elementary School 7 Cakranegara can further improve the quality of education
The Impact of Trump's Anti-Immigration Discourse on Asylum Applications in the Balkans (2017-2021)
Get PDFImmigration has become an increasingly contentious political and social issue in Europe over the past decade. The growing influx of asylum seekers has been driven by deteriorating security conditions, armed conflicts, and political and economic instability in various regions, alongside the comparatively higher living standards in Europe. As a global hegemon, the United States has indirectly shaped migration patterns in peripheral regions such as the Balkans. This paper examines how President Donald Trump's anti-immigration discourse during his first term (2017-2021) coincided with an approximately 45% decrease in asylum applications from the Balkans. Drawing on official statistics and employing Critical Discourse Analysis, the study explores how US rhetoric influenced regional policy emulation. The findings underscore the transnational impact of populist discourse and call for a critical reassessment of migration governance in key transit regions
Securitization Theory Insights on the Formation of an EU Army
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the narrative securitized by Eurofederalists in support of establishing an EU army. The main objective is to identify and categorize the assertions employed by securitizing actors in their speech acts, examined through the framework of securitization theory. To assess the impact of this securitized narrative, the study evaluates its reception among the EU public before and after the outbreak of the war in Ukraine. The research reveals that securitizing actors cluster their assertions around four advantages: strategic, political, societal, and economic. Furthermore, the findings indicate that by framing these advantages within their narrative, securitizing actors have successfully influenced public opinion in the EU to favor the establishment of an EU army
Effect of Intercropping with Mungbean on Growth, Yield and Seed Protein Of White And Black Waxy Maise
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the effect of intercropping on the growth, yield, and protein content of glutinous corn. This study used an experimental method with field trials in rainfed land in Rembitan village (Central Lombok) in December 2023-March 2024. The research design employed a Randomised Block Design (RBD) with two factors: White glutinous corn (J1) and purple glutinous corn (J2), with two treatments: without intercropping (T0) and with mung bean intercropping (T1). The researchers combined all factors to create four combinations, each replicated three times, resulting in a total of 12 experimental units. Observation variables include growth, yield and protein. Growth variables include plant height (TT) and the number of leaves (JD). Yield variables include the number of cob rows (JBT), the weight of 100 corn kernels per gram (BJ100/g), cob diameter (DT), weight of the cob without husk (BTTK), cob length (PT), and protein content (PrT).The results showed that the interaction of intercropping treatment with glutinous corn significantly affected the parameters of JD 42 and 56 hst, cob length, cob diameter, number of rows, weight of 100 grains, and cob weight. The most significant number of leaves was observed in the T1J1 treatment at 56 hst, with 14.55 strands. The longest cob size was observed in the intercropping treatment with white glutinous corn, measuring 18.20 cm, while the diameter of the purple corn cob was 47.90 cm. The researchers found that the T1J1 treatment produced the highest number of rows, 14.45, and a 100-grain weight of 23.04 g, followed by a cob weight of 140.19 g and seed protein content of 4.89%. Based on their results, they concluded that applying intercropping planting patterns can significantly enhance the growth, yield, and protein content of glutinous corn. Specifically, intercropping green beans with white glutinous corn resulted in the highest growth and yield, while intercropping with purple glutinous corn neither contributed to nor affected growth and yield
Same but different: Gender, social origin, and university access - Results from a field experiment on guidance counseling
Get PDFInequalities based on social origins heavily influence university access, shaping individuals' careers and earning potential. While educational interventions in upper secondary schools have shown promise in supporting students from low social origins, their effects on gender disparities in university access remain less clear. This study investigates how social origins and gender intersect to affect university enrollment and whether counseling programs influence these patterns. Using data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Germany evaluating a counseling program, our analysis reveals two key results. First, students' evaluations of higher education appear to be shaped by their social background and gender before high school graduation. Second, the counseling program altered these evaluations and enrollment rates in distinct ways depending on students' social background and gender. Our findings contribute to research on social stratification by highlighting intersectional patterns in rational choice evaluations and university enrollment. We also demonstrate that counseling in Germany effectively reduces intersectional inequalities in enrollment, which particularly benefits women from low social origins
Studying Multi-Level Systems with Cross-Level Data: Introducing Three Integrated Datasets
Get PDFMost political systems consist of multiple layers. Yet datasets are predominantly situated at a single territorial tier, encouraging methodological nationalism, regionalism, and localism. We present three new integrated datasets that include electoral, institutional, ideological, and government composition data on the country and regional level (RD|CED, RED and RPSD). With this data, we cover 337 country elections on the regional level, 2,226 regional elections, and 2,825 regional cabinets in 365 regions of 21 countries from 1941 to 2019, accounting for 800 political parties and their ideological positions. Combined, these data complement and extend existing datasets and facilitate the study of political interaction across levels. Data are available at http://multi-level-cross-level-politics.eu/ or can be accessed through the Havard Dataverse repository. We conclude with an agenda for future cross-level studies
Digital constitutionalism as an online speech governance framework: A critical approach
Get PDFThis chapter advances a critical approach to the theories of “digital constitutionalism”, in particular as a theoretical framework for recent initiatives targeting online speech governance. We build on previous work where we demonstrated overarching risks of borrowing from the symbolic load of the constitutionalist tradition to name and explain transnational normative phenomena that take place in private digitalised environments. We apply these critiques to the case of online speech governance by looking at two policy initiatives: the Meta Oversight Board, a private sector self-regulatory initiative implemented by the company Meta; and the European Digital Services Act. Our goal is to shed light on contradictions and misperceptions embedded in labelling online speech governance mechanisms as manifestations of digital constitutionalism
Gender differences in paid work over time: Developments and challenges in comparative research
Get PDFThis paper examines gender differences in paid work over time and illustrates the pitfalls encountered by any comparative research that only considers either labor force participation rates or average working hours. To do so, we analyze harmonized survey data from Europe and the United States from 1992 to 2022 (N = 43,283,172) and show that more progress was made in closing gender gaps in labor force participation rates than in working hours. In most countries, women's labor force participation rates increased considerably, but their average working hours decreased, whereas both men's labor force participation rates and average working hours decreased or stagnated (but nonetheless still remained much higher than women's). We show and argue that these countervailing trends in working hours and labor force participation rates make it difficult to paint a coherent picture of cross-national differences in women's and men’s paid work and of changes over time. In response, we propose "work volume" as a supplementary or alternative measure for any type of comparative research. Work volume records zero working hours for nonemployed individuals and thus allows straightforward comparisons between women's and men's (or any other groups') involvement in paid work. Using the proposed work volume measure, we show that gender gaps in paid work decreased over time, but that even in 2022, men's involvement in paid work remained considerably higher than women's - with gender gaps being lowest in the Scandinavian and the former Communist countries
What Explains the Loyalty of Russia's Technocrats?
Get PDFRussia's ability to navigate punishing international sanctions and wage its war in Ukraine has in large part centered around a group of highly skilled technocrats directing policy responses and helping construct its wartime economy. This analysis previews one argument from a forthcoming book about technocrats serving authoritarian regimes: that technocrats have remained loyal to the Putin regime not just because of the perceived costs of exit, but also because they calculate their careers, in both the short and long run, are benefited by preserving the status quo