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Flexible working time arrangements and work-life conflict: The role of gender and housework
Get PDFObjective: This paper studies how the relationship between flexible working time arrangements and self-reported work-to-life and life-to-work conflict is moderated by an (un)equal domestic labor distribution within heterosexual couples. Background: Flexible working arrangements can give employees more autonomy in balancing paid employment with private life. However, studies have shown that this flexibility is used in gender-specific ways: while women devote more time to household chores, men increase their paid working hours. This article builds on these findings by exploring how the heterogeneity in the division of domestic labor within couples moderates the relationship between flexible working time arrangements and work–life conflict. Method: Analyses are based on the German Family Panel (pairfam), Wave 12 (2019-2020) and include 2,032 partnered working individuals (1,162 women and 870 men). We applied linear regression models. Results: Company-defined and autonomous work schedules were associated with a greater work-to-life conflict, especially for men, while women with complete control over their schedule experienced less conflict. The level of life-to-work conflict was similar across different schedules, except for women with flexitime, who reported higher conflict. Housework responsibilities also played a role, as women handling most household tasks faced greater life-to-work conflict with flexible schedules, and men with company-defined schedules experienced higher conflict in both directions when they shared housework equally with their partner. Conclusion: Access to flexible working time arrangements alone may not reduce work-to-life and life-to-work conflict, as the impact depends on both gender and how housework is divided within a couple. - Appendix: https://ubp.uni-bamberg.de/jfr/index.php/jfr/article/view/1186/850Fragestellung: In diesem Artikel untersuchen wir, wie die Beziehung zwischen flexiblen
Arbeitszeitarrangements und dem Konflikt zwischen Erwerbsarbeit und Privatleben (work-to-life conflict) sowie zwischen Privatleben und Erwerbsarbeit (life-to-work conflict) durch eine (un)gleiche Aufteilung der Hausarbeit bei heterosexuellen Paaren moderiert wird.
Hintergrund: Flexible Arbeitszeitarrangements können Arbeitnehmer/innen mehr Autonomie bei der Balance zwischen Erwerbsarbeit und Privatleben ermöglichen. Bisherige Studien haben jedoch gezeigt, dass diese Flexibilität auf geschlechtsspezifische Weise genutzt wird: Während Frauen mit flexiblen Arbeitszeitarrangements mehr Zeit für die Hausarbeit aufwenden, erhöhen Männer ihre Erwerbsarbeitszeit. Unser Artikel baut auf diesen Befunden auf und untersucht, wie die Heterogenität in der Aufteilung der Hausarbeit in Paarhaushalten die Beziehung zwischen flexiblen Arbeitszeitregelungen und Konflikten zwischen Erwerbsarbeit und Privatleben moderiert. Methode: Die Analysen basieren auf dem Deutschen Familienpanel (pairfam), Welle 12 (2019-2020) und umfassen 2.032 erwerbstätige Personen in einer Partnerschaft (1.162 Frauen und 870 Männer). Die multivariaten Analysen basieren auf linearen Regressionsmodellen. Ergebnisse: Vom Unternehmen festgelegte und autonome Arbeitszeitmodelle sind mit größeren Konflikten zwischen Erwerbsarbeit und Privatleben (work-to-life conflict) verbunden, insbesondere bei Männern, während Frauen mit vollständiger Kontrolle über ihre Arbeitszeiten seltener über Konflikte berichten. Das Ausmaß des Konflikts zwischen Privatleben und Erwerbsarbeit (life-to-work conflict) ist bei den verschiedenen Arbeitszeitmodellen ähnlich, mit Ausnahme von Frauen mit Gleitzeit, die öfter über einen Konflikt berichteten. Die Einbindung in die Hausarbeit spielt insofern eine Rolle als Frauen, die den Großteil der Hausarbeit übernehmen, bei flexiblen Arbeitszeitarrangements mit größeren Konflikten zwischen Privatleben und Erwerbsarbeit (life-to-work conflict) konfrontiert sind. Männer mit unternehmensdefinierten Arbeitszeitarrangements berichten hingegen häufiger über Konflikte in beide Richtungen (also work-to-life conflict sowie life-to-work conflict), wenn sie sich die Hausarbeit gleichberechtigt mit ihrer Partnerin teilen. Schlussfolgerung: Der Zugang zu flexiblen Arbeitszeitarrangements allein verringert die Konflikte zwischen Erwerbsarbeit und Privatleben nicht unbedingt, da die Auswirkungen sowohl vom Geschlecht als auch von der Hausarbeitsverteilung im Paarhaushalt abhängen
"Funny Weapons": The Norms of Humour in the Construction of Far‐Right Political Polarisation
Get PDFJair Bolsonaro in Brazil, Nayib Bukele in El Salvador, and Javier Milei in Argentina are just a few paradigmatic cases that represent, to different degrees, the rise of populism, the advances of right‐wing radicalism, and the resurgence of extreme nationalism in Latin America in the last decade. The question that arose after the victory of the far‐right was: How could this have happened? One of the instruments that undoubtedly contributed to this unexpected victory was a peculiar aspect of these political campaigns: memetic communication. Through the use of memes in social media (above all WhatsApp), the far‐right transformed violent discourses against political opponents, feminism, racialised persons, and poverty into a series of messages legitimised through humour and irony. This process operated as a simplification that disrupted stable systems of social norms and metaphorical frameworks. Between September 2022 and February 2024, in the weeks leading up to and following each presidential election, we collected and analysed visual data employing open‐source software. We also conducted ethnographic fieldwork and digital ethnography during the weeks preceding the elections to capture online and offline discourses and the affective milieu of each electoral campaign, providing contextual insight into the impact of memetic communication. Our analysis demonstrates the trivialisation and legitimisation of violence against political opponents and other social groups. This process may also be interpreted as an attempt to render the unconstitutional as legitimate, framing exclusionary or violent political acts as necessary or even virtuous. Much of this legitimisation was camouflaged under the mask of supposed humour and irony, which in reality was insulting, prejudicial, and dehumanising
Know your competitor! Analyzing and predicting the location of competing stores: The case study of Valora at Swiss railway stations
Get PDFLocation choice in retailing is a key subject of retail location theory, but is also of great practical relevance. Retail companies must assess the demand and competition situation and try to anticipate the behavior of their competitors. This study examines location choice patterns of two convenience food formats from Valora, Avec and k kiosk, at Swiss train stations. The study combines an analytical and a predictive modeling approach. Possible location factors for the two store types are derived from the literature. Publicly available data from the SBB (Schweizerische Bundesbahnen) serve as the basis of the analysis. Binary logit models are built for the formats examined in order to identify the determinants of location choice. Machine learning algorithms are used to check and optimize the predictive ability of the models. It turns out that people boarding, alighting and changing trains at train stations (which represent the main demand for convenience stores at railway stations) are an important determinant of location choice. The more frequent a train station is, the more likely it is that Avec or k kiosk will be present there. Furthermore, format-specific clustering and avoidance patterns emerge. Both Valora formats show an avoidance of each other. While Avec tends to avoid competing convenience supermarkets, this is not the case with k kiosk. With the help of machine learning, the predictive ability of the models can be greatly improved. A prediction model with high specificity and sensitivity is built for k kiosk and applied on a real case
The Impact of Leadership Style and Workload on Performance of Employees in the Sub-District Office of Bima District, Indonesia
Get PDFThis research investigated how leadership style and workload affect employee performance in the sub-district offices of Bima Regency. Employing a causal associative research design, this study aimed to assess the impact of these variables on employee performance. A census approach was used in this research, gathering data from 90 workers across various sub-district offices. Data analysis revealed that leadership style has a positive and significant impact on employee performance, indicating that effective leadership enhances employee productivity. On the other hand, workload has a substantial adverse effect on performance, suggesting that excessive workload reduces employee productivity. Moreover, leadership style and workload have a significant combined effect on employee performance, underscoring their interrelated impact. These results emphasise the significance of effective leadership in managing workloads to enhance employee performance in the sub-district offices of Bima Regency
The Meanings of a Publication in the Humanities: Meaning, text, and authorship in critical perspective
Get PDFA publication is meaningful in different ways. It is more than objective materiality. A writer sees in a book a great achievement within a tradition of thinking. The corresponding reader finds in the same publication a hermeneutic device. For public discourse, the latest bestselling crossover book provides handy information to special interest readers. To philistine management, a publication is formal authorship in a research assessment exercise. And to varying degrees, all four such personas come together in the ordinary scholar, making the different types of meaning an imbricated whole. In this article, I provide a language for this meaningfulness. I make use of the structural hermeneutics of cultural sociology to demonstrate four key notions of meaning. This language helps to understand the way humanities scholars and other actors in contemporary academia deal with publications. I further illustrate what these abstract notions mean in practice with the recent monograph Also a history in philosophy by Jürgen Habermas
Mapping Environmental Protests in Russia
Get PDFWhile environmental protests in Russia represent a prominent form of civic activism, they exhibit consider- able regional variation. Based on a panel analysis of over 1,000 protest events from 2007 to 2021, this study maps environmental mobilization across Russian regions and identifies factors influencing environmental protest intensity. We develop a typology of regional eco-mobilization and analyze its relationship with socio- economic and political variables
Myanmar's post-coup foreign policy and alignment behavior: assessing the agency of a "Pariah State"
Get PDFThe article scrutinizes the impact of the 2021 military coup and ensuing civil war on Myanmar's foreign policy, by looking at the degree of agency retained by Naypyidaw in its alignment choices vis-à-vis great powers. The investigation shows that despite a highly deteriorated strategic environment marked by Western isolation and the revival of the country's status as a "pariah state," post-coup Myanmar still exhibits agency and autonomy in its alignment behavior. This ability is evidenced in the evolution of Naypyidaw's hedging strategy after the putsch, which saw the junta engaging Russia, Japan, and India to fill the power gap prompted by the retreat of Western stakeholders and find new counterweights to China's influence. Accordingly, such resolve in preserving the country's nonaligned posture serves as a stark reminder that regardless of their intrinsic deficiencies, weak actors like Myanmar often opt for nuanced alignment blueprints, alternatives to both balancing and bandwagoning
Repression and Protest in Belarus: A Retrospective Review of State Strategies in 2020
Get PDFIn this article, the origins of Belarus’ ongoing assault on civil society are examined with a focus on the protest movement that emerged after the 2020 presidential election. It analyzes the dynamics of protest repression and challenges conventional models that link protest characteristics to state violence. The findings demonstrate that, in Belarus, protest characteristics do not necessarily predict state repression. Rather, repression was driven by a centralized logic of deterrence, which was unevenly implemented by security services, who exercised broad discretion and impunity
Epistemische und ethische Reflexivität: Zu Potentialen der Verbindung von Situationsanalyse und Reflexiver Grounded Theory Methodologie
No full textFragen nach Reflexivität in qualitativer Forschungsarbeit gewinnen zunehmend an Relevanz. Im Anschluss an diese Beobachtung richten wir den Blick in unserem Beitrag auf die Verbindung von Situationsanalyse und Reflexiver Grounded Theory Methodologie. An die Diskussion über Verbindungen zwischen den beiden Forschungsstrategien anschließend, zeigen wir an zwei Forschungsvorhaben an der Schnittstelle von (Flucht-)Migration und Behinderung, welche konkreten Verfahrensweisen die Verbindungen in der Forschungspraxis eröffnen. Wir diskutieren, welche Erkenntnisse in epistemischer und ethischer Sicht reflexive Vorgehensweisen an den konkreten Gegenständen ermöglichen und plädieren für die Stärkung einer reflexiven Forschungshaltung zwischen Flexibilisierung und Routinisierung