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Nigerian English: History, functions and features
Full text linkThis article offers a comprehensive overview of Nigerian English, a rapidly expanding variety of world Englishes, recognised as one of the fastest‐growing varieties of English globally in numerical terms. This article has four aims. First, it discusses the historical developments of English in Nigeria with reference to the events that led to the implantation of English in Nigeria and the periods in which these events occurred. Second, the article highlights the status and functions of English in official, educational, religious, media, creative writing and other domains in Nigeria. Third, it describes the phonological, lexico‐semantic, morphosyntactic and discourse–pragmatic features of Nigerian English. Finally, following the survey, this article suggests directions for future research on Nigerian English. A key conclusion drawn from this article is that English has firmly established itself in Nigeria and that the functional range, significance and recognition of Nigerian English are expected to continue expanding
Indonesian Nickel Sovereignty and Global Raced Finance: The Value of Element 28 in an Age of 'Transition'
No full textIn the context of a global rush to electrify vehicle markets, for which nickel is recast as a 'critical mineral,' Indonesia has sought to build sovereignty over its mineral resources and reinvigorated a value project which stretches back at least to independence and the Bandung era. Recalling Samir Amin's (2010) analysis of the worldwide law of value, the income countries of the global South are able to derive from their resources is indelibly related to the structures of domination and financial subordination they are ultimately subject to. This article explores Indonesia's efforts to maximise the rent extracted from its abundant nickel reserves in light of this resource income/subordination relation at the heart of global value structures, extending the analysis to consider resource extraction to be the actual material base of raced finance in the world system. Nickel, I argue here, might be the perfect national commodity, serving Indonesia's long-time quest to break with the law of worldwide value and raced financial subordination by capturing downstream value-added processing and production. However, integral to this mineral sovereignty project is the sacrifice of socioecological life along Indonesia's nickel frontiers where mining and processing inflict expropriation, contamination, and exploitation upon affected communities
Inegalitarian growth in twenty-first century Taiwan: the dealignment of state and regime security
Full text linkTaiwan’s transition from a miracle of “growth with equity” to inegalitarian growth in the 21st century cannot be fully explained by the prevailing theories of globalization or social politics derived from the study of Western capitalism and social politics. Instead, the literatures relating inequality to authoritarian regime types and conditions of democratisation are more relevant to the case of Taiwan. While it is a “rich democracy”, its prosperity and relative egalitarianism was in large part achieved under a besieged authoritarian regime facing both internal threat (regime insecurity) and external threat (state insecurity). This article will examine how Taiwanese state responses to these evolving dual threats shaped growth strategies and distribution. Our analysis will highlight how the interaction of changing internal and external threats helped to generate a growth path that stifled the emergence of countervailing powers to capital and that continues to motivate forms of pro-big capital state activism. In so doing, this case study contributes to the growing literature on capitalist hybridity resulting from the melding of developmentalist legacies with economic liberalism
Sustainable Public-Private Partnerships in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Conceptual Framework for Low Carbon Development and Domestic Financing
Full text linkPublic-private partnerships (PPPs) in Sub-Saharan Africa face critical challenges in advancing low carbon development and securing domestic financing. This study employs institutional theory and the capability approach to analyse how PPP frameworks can be adapted to address climate change mitigation and the challenges of investment scarcity in the post-COVID-19 era. Through a systematic review of existing literature, the research highlights the shortcomings of conventional PPP models, which often fail due to disproportionate risk distribution, regulatory deficiencies, and inadequate consideration of environmental sustainability. To address these issues, the study introduces the Sustainable Domestic Resource Mobilisation (SDRM-PPP) model, designed to prioritise carbon footprint reduction, domestic resource mobilisation, and the achievement of sustainable development goals. Key policy recommendations include the establishment of dedicated climate finance units within PPP regulatory bodies, the standardisation of carbon accounting practices, and the development of financing instruments denominated in local currency. This study offers valuable insights into strategies for fostering sustainable infrastructure development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Financialization of Non-Financial Corporations: A New Framework with Cases from South Africa
Full text linkFinancialization shapes the ways in which middle-income countries and their non-financial corporations integrate into global value chains and the global financial system. This integration, in turn, shapes the ways in which these corporations engage with financialization. Focusing on large listed non-financial corporations, this article unpacks these dynamics. It advances an integrated analytical framework to facilitate an exploration of financializa-tion sources and processes that are specific to the middle-income country context, and that emerge and operate across micro, meso and macro levels. The authors identify financialization sources related to different types of profits and rents, and articulate financialization processes through which value is extracted. The framework is then applied to three case studies of non-financial corporations across different sectors in South Africa, a middle-income country undergoing premature deindustrialization and financializa-tion: Sasol in chemicals, Shoprite in retail, and MTN in information and communication technology. The analysis reveals three main elements that are characteristic of middle-income economies and their subordinate position within the global hierarchies of production and finance: (1) rents feature strongly as a financialization source; (2) the need to attract foreign capital and manage external vulnerabilities shapes financialization processes ; and (3) extracted value is primarily channelled abroad
Seeing museums as criminological spaces of colonialism: An affective tale of two museum visits
No full textThis chapter explores how the concept of affect can help reframe museums as criminological spaces to reveal the role of museums in shaping understandings of colonialism, crime, and justice. The chapter first maps the evolution of museums in three phases: the scientific museum, the memory museum, and the human rights museum, underlining how each phase utilises senses and yet is kept removed from criminological inquiry. Here, senses are understood as external stimuli that are capable of producing emotions and feelings, otherwise known as affect. Using two museum visits, to the anthropological museum Museo Ethnographica in Florence and Barbadian-Scottish artist Alberta Whittle’s exhibition ‘Create Dangerously’ at the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art in Edinburgh, the chapter creates a case for the insertion of museums into the discipline of criminology on grounds of the affect they produce. This study explains how museums can enrich and contextualise the relationship between criminal conduct, colonialism, and the State
Languages, Cultures, and Health in a Global City Translating and Communicating Covid-19 Among London’s Multilingual Communities
No full textThis collection examines how linguistically diverse diaspora communities experienced and translated the COVID-19 pandemic in London, exploring nuances of difference across them to better understand how these communities mediate public health discourses in the globalized city.Drawing on scholarship from cultural translation and an emic approach, the volume features rich and varied perspectives on the unfolding of the COVID-19 pandemic from scholars working and living in over a dozen Asian and African language communities in the city. Building on data from online surveys and face-to-face-interviews with almost 200 community members, the book charts how information about the pandemic was disseminated across these different minority communities and, in turn, how these communities understood and translated it into their own cultural framework and against prevailing public discourses. The volume also looks forward to the recovery process and the needs of these communities, reinforcing the value of a socio-cultural translation approach in better understanding how to support these communities in the wake of global health crises moving forward.This book will be of interest not only to scholars in translation studies, intercultural communication, crisis communication, cultural studies, and post-colonial studies, but also to public health practitioners and community leaders
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