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Search results for "Prevalence of chronic kidney disease among young people living with HIV in Sub Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
No full textBackground: Globally, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing among young people living with HIV (YPLHIV), with inconsistent estimates. Aggregated data on the prevalence of CKD are needed in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to inform strategies for early diagnosis and management. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of CKD among YPLHIV in SSA.
Methods: We searched Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, African Index Medicus, and African Journals Online for articles reporting the prevalence of CKD among YPLHIV in SSA using predefined search strategies up to 15 th January 2024. The reference lists of identified articles were checked for additional eligible studies. The eligibility criteria were studies among YPLHIV aged 10–24 years reporting CKD prevalence defined by either glomerular filtration rate (GFR), albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) or proteinuria. We used a narrative synthesis to report differences between the included studies. The DerSimonian-Laird random effects model was used to pool the CKD prevalence, and heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q-test and I-squared values. We assessed the risk of bias in each article using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist and publication bias in a funnel plot and Egger’s test.
Results: Of 802 retrieved articles, 15 fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Of these, 12 (80%) were cross-sectional studies that used estimated GFR to diagnose CKD. Only one study followed the standard definition of CKD. The pooled CKD prevalence from 15 studies was 12% (95% CI 6.0–19.5%), ranging from 0.8% to 53.1% according to the definition used, with a high degree of heterogeneity (I 2 = 97.7%, p<0.001). The included studies were of moderate quality, with no evidence of publication bias. Sensitivity analysis showed that the findings were robust to the methodological and analytic approach.
Conclusion: CKD prevalence among YPLHIV is moderately high and highly heterogeneous across SSA. The standard definition of CKD should be used to enable estimation of CKD prevalence in different studies and settings. HIV programs enrolling YPLHIV should routinely screen for CKD to ensure early diagnosis and management
AHRI.Community perspectives on drug promotion on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa 2022-2023
No full textBACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media and web-based platforms were widely used to promote medicinal substances. To assess community perspectives on drug promotions on social media, we conducted qualitative research using three workshops. The workshops aimed to highlight the public understanding of drug advertising focusing on community perceptions of social media drug promotions, their risks and benefits. Discussions were conducted on the importance of adhering to national drug regulation policies and the World Health Organisation ethical criteria for promotion, advertisement, and publicity of medicines. METHODS: Participants for the workshops were purposively sampled from local community youth groups and healthcare facilities. Two workshops included ten young adults aged 18-35, while the third workshop involved three healthcare professionals and one traditional healer. RESULTS: The study participants' highlighted the value of honesty and trust in the drug promotions. Gaps in the ethical conduct of advertising were observed and concerns were raised about the reliability of social media information and the omission of valuable details on the drug advertisements. CONCLUSION: Individuals have a right to informed choices that ensure their health safety. This study has highlighted the need for transparency and accountability in pharmaceutical and complementary medicine marketing on social media. Collaboration is needed between regulatory bodies, pharmaceutical companies, healthcare providers and community members, to make sure that drug advertising upholds ethical standards and public health
Exposure Pathways Between Climate and Health 2022
No full textUnderstanding climate change and the associated impacts on human health and wellbeing is one of the major intractable challenges facing planning departments, policy makers and health researchers in the coming decades. Novel approaches such as data science techniques which use routine and big data sources will be critical in supporting this area of enquiry to evaluate the effect of climate change in communities.
Through our Implementation Network for Sharing Population Information from Research Entities (INSPIRE), we have access to African population health data from 11 Health Demographic and Surveillance Sites (HDSS). These data contain demographic vital registration outcomes such as births, Death and mortality collected over 10 years in rural and urban African communities. As part of the INSPIRE data standardization and governance, all HDSS data are transformed into the INSPIRE OMOP Common Data Model (CDM) to allow systematic analyses using common terminologies, vocabularies and coding schemes
Data collection tools and dataset from tracer study of Q4D Lab, a locally developed and owned coding and biostatistics program in Liberia
No full textFiles include the survey, consent text, and dataset (partial data after removal of demographic and educational background variables for de-identification purposes) from a tracer study for the Q4D Lab (q4dlab.org) program
Governing the Climate Adaptation of Care Settings Dataset, 2022
No full textThe dataset consists of air temperatures recorded longitudinally and reported at hourly intervals using Hobo MX1101, Hobo MX1102A and Hobo MX2301 devices. The monitoring period covered 1st May 2022 to 30th September 2022 inclusive – the full non-heating season in England. The devices were deployed in 30 care homes across England: eleven in Greater London, nine in the north of England as far north as Newcastle-upon-Tyne, six in the Midlands, and four in the south of England including on the Isle of Wight. The locations monitored consisted of 22 offices (staff-only areas such as manager’s offices, administrator offices, nurse stations), 30 lounges (communal areas such as lounges, dining rooms and lounge/diners), and 30 bedrooms (single rooms, with a range of occupancy – some vacant, some occupied only at night, others occupied 24/7 depending on resident needs). In addition, outdoor temperatures were monitored at each of the 30 care homes
Interview Questions for WW Dashboards
No full textInterview questions associated with the article: “Stakeholder Interviews to Inform Best Practice for Public Facing COVID-19 Wastewater Dashboards”
lucy-gf/imd-covid
No full textR code and data associated with "COVID-19 inequalities in England: a mathematical modelling study of transmission risk and clinical vulnerability by socioeconomic status"
Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness Report: China, Hainan (rural) (2010)
No full textA report including output of standardised analysis of vision and eye health survey data including tables of vision impairment prevalence and service coverage estimate
Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness Report: Vietnam, Son La (2010)
No full textA report including output of standardised analysis of vision and eye health survey data including tables of vision impairment prevalence and service coverage estimate
Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness Report: Bangladesh, Dhaka, Tangail (2011)
No full textA report including output of standardised analysis of vision and eye health survey data including tables of vision impairment prevalence and service coverage estimate