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Interactive Reinforcement Learning from Natural Language Feedback
Get PDFLarge Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly influential in advancing robotics. This paper introduces ECLAIR (Evaluative Corrective Guidance Language as Reinforcement), a novel framework that leverages LLMs to interpret and incorporate diverse natural language feedback into robotic learning. ECLAIR unifies various forms of human advice into actionable insights within a Reinforcement Learning context, enabling more efficient robot instruction. Experiments with real-world users demonstrate that ECLAIR accelerates the robot’s learning process, aligning its policy closer to optimal from the outset and reducing the need for extensive human intervention. Additionally, ECLAIR effectively integrates multiple types of advice and adapts well to prompt modifications. It also supports multilingual instruction, broadening its applicability and fostering more inclusive human-robot interactions. Project website: https://sites.google.com/view/eclairiro
Informing the development of a fathers’ and partners’ pathway in perinatal mental health
Get PDFNHS England has committed to mental health assessment and signposting for the partners of women involved with perinatal mental health services. This article describes a service development initiative involving a consultation event to inform the development of a fathers’ and partners’ pathway in a perinatal mental health service in the north of England. The consultation event used a coproduction approach. Four focus groups, comprising mothers who were service users, partners/ fathers, professionals and stakeholders, generated a range of ideas for the pathway and produced a list of questions fathers and partners would like to be asked when talking about their well-being. The focus groups felt that preparing couples for the possibility of perinatal mental health issues during the antenatal period could be beneficial. This article will be useful for perinatal mental health services planning to develop their work with new fathers and partners of their service users
Separation of mycolic acid isomers by cyclic ion mobility‐mass spectrometry
Get PDFRationale: Mycobacterial species contain high concentrations of mycolic acids in their cell wall. Mycobacteria can pose a threat to both human health and the environment. Mass spectrometry lipidomic characterization can identify bacterial species and suggest targets for microbiological interventions. Due to the complex structures of mycolic acids and the possibility of isobaric isomers, multiple levels of separation are required for complete characterization. In this study, cyclic ion mobility (cIM) mass spectrometry (MS) was used for the analysis, separation and fragmentation of mycolic acids isomers from the bacterial species Gordonia amarae and Mycobacterium bovis . Methods: Mycolic acid isomers were interrogated from cultured G. amarae biomass and commercially available M. bovis mycolic acid extracts. These were infused into a cIM‐enabled quadrupole time‐of‐flight MS. Ions of interest were non‐simultaneously selected with the quadrupole and passed around the cyclic ion mobility device multiple times. Fragment ion analysis was then performed for the resolved isomers of the quadrupole‐selected ions. Results: Repeated passes of the cIM device successfully resolved otherwise overlapping MA isomers, allowing isomer isolation and producing an ion‐specific post‐mobility fragmentation spectrum without isomeric interference. Conclusions: Mycolic acids (MA) isomers from G. amarae and M. bovis were resolved, resulting in a high mobility resolution and low interference fragmentation analysis. These revealed varying patterns of MA isomers in the two species: G. amarae's most abundant ion of each set of MA has 1–2 conformations, while the MA + 2 m/z the most abundant ion of each set has 3–6 conformations. These were resolved after 70 passes of the cyclic device. M. bovis' most abundant ion of each keto‐MA set has 2 conformations, while the keto‐MA + 2 m/z has 1–2 conformations. These were resolved after 75 passes.</p
Women's Experiences of Intimate and Sexual Relationships During Menopause: A Qualitative Synthesis
Get PDFAim: The aim of this literature review was to explore women's experiences of their intimate and sexual relationships during menopause. Background: Evidence shows that the menopause transition can be a difficult time for women due to symptoms of menopause. There is little research evidence about how menopause‐related symptoms impact women's intimate and sexual relationships. Method: A qualitative synthesis was carried out on research published between May 2005 and July 2023 using five electronic databases: ASSIA, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science. We also searched Google Scholar and used backward and forward chaining methods to identify results not listed in the databases and ensure that no relevant literature was omitted. Results: Eighteen qualitative studies were included in this review. Six main themes were identified: the meaning of menopause to women in different cultures; factors affecting women's sexual lives; changes in sexual desire and orgasm; talking about sexual issues; women's attempts to overcome the impact of ageing and menopause on their sexual lives; and concerns about partner sexual satisfaction during the menopause. Conclusion: During the menopause transition, women can experience sexual difficulties that have an impact on their lives and intimate relationships. Qualitative studies showed that sexual changes associated with menopause can be difficult to manage and must be viewed in the social and cultural contexts of the women's lives. Relevance to Clinical Practice: The results of this review will be of interest to nurses to assess patient needs while offering health services to women in menopause. In addition, the results can be used to inform education and support programmes for women. Reporting Method: We have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines and used the PRISMA‐ScR reporting method. No patient or public contribution was required for this study
Audiovisual Translation as A Didactic Tool to Enhance Foreign Language Speaking Skills
Get PDFThis current thematic section explores the growing field of didactic audiovisual translation (DAT) and its impact on foreign language (FL) learning, particularly in enhancing FL speaking skills. In the last twenty years, several European-funded projects and independent researchers, have delved into the use of audiovisual translation modes such as subtitling, voice-over, dubbing, and audio description in FL education. The present thematic section gathers six studies that focus on the use of DAT to improve speaking skills, an area often underexplored. The contributions of various scholars examine the effectiveness of different DAT modalities (dubbing, audio description, free commentary, voice-over and respeaking) in enhancing speaking skills, including pronunciation, intonation, and pragmatic training, in a variety of FL such as English, Spanish, and Italian
Cradle of Fire - The Album
No full textAn album of 17 tracks made for The Cradle of Fire project by composer and musicologist Kim Cunio. The content is distinct from the Cradle of Fire film‘s soundtrack, although there is some crossover: track samples, bells, melodies, scrapings. Carolyn Waudby's poetry is sung as opera, alongside harmonic chanting and religious incantations
