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Exploring the Current Landscape of Image-Based BIM Technologies in Smart Building Deconstruction
Get PDFThe increasing interest in building deconstruction as a sustainable way to divert demolition waste and promote material reuse in line with circular economy principles is the focus of this research. Specifically, it investigates how image-based Building Information Modeling (BIM) integration can help with smart building deconstruction by using advanced technology to automatically extract information from existing structures. To map the available research, a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis were carried out following PRISMA guidelines, and eighty-six relevant publications were selected for synthesis. Frequency analysis was used to determine publication trends over time, sources, and nations. The study also mapped authors, influential works, conceptual topics, and intellectual bases utilizing bibliometric networks via VOSviewer. The findings showed increasing stakeholder involvement and research outputs globally since 2015. Key authors and highly cited papers were identified that have helped the field evolve from early feasibility studies to industry-integrated demonstrations. However, there are still some limitations, such as deploying verified models in real demolition scenarios and the limited scope of applications. The study recommends expanding validated use cases and employing digital technologies to achieve sustainability goals. This study sheds light on the evolving landscape of building deconstruction, emphasizing the growth in research and stakeholder involvement while highlighting important gaps and offering recommendations for future progress. It provides valuable insights into the potential of image-based BIM integration in advancing smart building deconstruction processes
Experimental Investigation of the Fatigue Strength and Leakage Failure Mode of Corroded Cast Iron Water Pipes
Get PDFControlled laboratory-based physical evidence is presented, showing how the type of fatigue loading impacts the remaining life and the failure mode of corroded GCI water pipes. Leak-before-burst behavior is shown for pipes experiencing internal water pressure fatigue loading but not for four-point bending fatigue. Sharp pits are shown to reduce fatigue strength by up to 5.4 times, with the degree of reduction dependent on alignment. Condition assessments of corroded GCI water pipes must consider both the three-dimensional shape of the corrosion pitting and the loading experienced by the pipe to give a true assessment of the damage caused by a corrosion pit
Enhancing Supply Chain Finance through Blockchain Technology: Drivers and Implementation Strategies
No full textBlockchain technology (BCT) has emerged as a transformative tool in supply chain finance (SCF), significantly enhancing transparency and efficiency. This study, informed by a thorough literature review and consultations with academic and industry experts, identifies and validates the critical factors necessary for seamless BCT integration in SCF, with a particular focus on Pakistan’s banking sector. Using the Fuzzy-DEMATEL method, the study reveals peer-to-peer transactions as primary drivers for BCT adoption in SCF. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of risk reduction, digitalisation levels, and factors related to trust, collaboration, and quality assurance. Based on these findings, it is strongly recommended that the State Bank, in collaboration with the Securities and Exchange Commission, develop and implement regulatory frameworks to promote BCT adoption. Establishing comprehensive data acquisition protocols and clear implementation guidelines will be vital to successfully introducing blockchain features across the country and fostering a robust and transparent financial environment
Doctoral education at the intersection of academia and the professions in Europe: towards innovative writing pedagogies
Get PDFWhich Factors Affect Acceptance of Public Space Surveillance? A Systematic Literature Review
Get PDFSolutions to public space surveillance typically involve the use of progressively advanced technologies, deployed at locations such as cities, neighborhoods, or public transportation hubs. These surveillance technologies are increasingly beginning to use artificial intelligence (AI), and consequently it is a priority for governments and policymakers to consider the effects of the widespread use of these AI-powered surveillance systems for society. However, not enough is currently known about the aspect of societal acceptance for this increased surveillance or the factors that are related to it. Therefore, this study aims to inform the direction of future research into this topic through a systematic review, being the only one to address this particular subject that the authors are aware of, and consequently filling a crucial gap in the literature that can help guide policymakers and practitioners in considering the factors that will first need to be addressed in order to gain the acceptance of citizens and successfully integrate these systems of surveillance into society’s urban spaces. The present study reviews the available literature on this topic. A date range of 2015 onwards was set, resulting in the inclusion of a total of 50 different studies. Citizen acceptance was found to be related to the location of surveillance, the surveillance technology, citizens’ country, individual factors, and perceived barriers, including the trade-off between privacy and security, the effectiveness of the surveillance system, and issues of trust and legitimacy
On the Value of Context in Engineering Mathematics Problems: Students' Perspectives
Get PDFEngineering mathematics students are typically presented with mathematical techniques illustrated by examples set in context in order to motivate them and develop them as engineers. It is perhaps surprising, therefore, that a study by Klymchuk and Spooner (2020) found engineering students preferred to be taught via problems without context. Following a critique of that study, a survey, focussed solely on (non-)context-related problems, is designed to examine engineering students’ preferences and opinions about context in mathematical problems. 170 first-year engineering students from a range of engineering disciplines at one university were presented with examples of equivalent contextual and non-contextual problems and asked questions about solving these. Results suggest students have no strong preference for either contextual or non-contextual problems. Some prefer the relative ease of abstract problem solving without context, while a context provides a welcome link between mathematics and engineering and the ability to visualise a problem. Most students reported finding contextual problems more difficult to solve. Few students reported being motivated by the context, with some confusion related to notation, terminology and units. Students indicated a strong preference for context to align to their chosen engineering discipline over context from a different engineering discipline
Exploring the voice and representation mechanisms of platform workers and implications for decent work in the Nigerian gig economy
Get PDFThis qualitative study examines the experiences of platform workers in Nigeria’s gig economy, with a specific focus on their voice and representation mechanisms and implications for decent
work. Drawing on the institutional theory and 37 semi-structured interviews with location-based and cloudwork platform workers, the study advances knowledge of how the regulative, normative,
and cultural-cognitive pillars shape what constitutes voice, representation and decent work experiences in the Nigerian platform economy. Findings underscore the influence of platform
design and its impact on the perception of decent work and workers’ voice. It highlights the formal and informal voice channels and alternative worker associations for voicing among Nigerian
platform workers. Furthermore, it demonstrates how cultural values in Nigeria influence what constitutes decent work for platform workers and its implications for voice. Beyond the theoretical
implications, the study highlights practical and social implications, emphasising that policy reforms are needed to address employment classification, strengthen worker protections, and
enhance social dialogue mechanisms. It advocates interventions to improve working conditions, empower gig workers, and foster a more equitable and sustainable gig economy
Elevating the public realm: a framework for designing resilient urban green spaces in hyperdense cities
Get PDFThis study examines the critical role of elevated urban spaces in fostering urban resilience and enhancing public well-being in the post-pandemic era. Through a detailed literature review and contextual analysis, the research explores how these spaces address the evolving needs for social interaction, public health, and mental wellness in urban design. Focusing on London, with comparisons to international examples such as Singapore, the study presents findings from sixty-six semi-structured walk-along interviews conducted at the Sky Garden and Crossrail Place Roof Garden. Data analysis reveals both the challenges and guiding principles for designing resilient elevated urban spaces. Key areas for improvement include accessibility, circulation, aesthetic integration, and management strategies. The findings emphasise the value of these green spaces in densely populated cities, as they provide vital recreational areas that support the mental and physical health of residents. This research offers a structured framework for embedding elevated green spaces into high-density urban environments, enhancing both resilience and liveability. The study delivers actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers, outlining a nuanced approach to designing sustainable, adaptable green spaces
Manufacturability of A20X printed lattice heat sinks
Get PDFLaser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a well-established technique for manufacturing compact and intricate lattice structures; however, surface roughness on curved surfaces remains a notable limitation. Triple periodic minimal surface lattices are beneficial for their lightweight, high-strength components and increased surface area for heat transfer, making them highly desirable in aerospace applications. This study designs five TPMS lattice-based heat sinks (Gyroid, Diamond, Lidinoid, Schwarz P, and Split P) utilizing two unit cell sizes (5 mm and 10 mm), with a consistent thickness of 1 mm and a base thickness of 2 mm, all within a specified volume of 15 × 15 × 15 mm3. Additionally, two cylindrical designs featuring varying periodicity for the gyroid and diamond lattices have been developed, utilizing unit cell sizes of 5 mm and 10 mm. The laser powder bed fusion technique was employed to fabricate A20x aluminium-based heat sinks, achieving excellent surface quality. Surface texture characterization of metal heat sinks was conducted using surface topography analysis with an optical profilometer and microstructural examination via scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the relative density of the LPBF-printed heat sinks was measured to be over 99.5%
Influence of the grain chemical composition on the fused silica polishing at atomic scale using molecular dynamic simulations
Get PDFThe optical glass materials are employed in various industries due to its desirable optical properties. These materials nevertheless require an ultra-smooth surface (Ra < 1 nm average roughness) for correctly working. The understanding of the polishing process is essential to get the ultra-smooth surface. The polishing process begins at atomic scale, hindering its study in real time using experimental testing. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation is powerful tool to assess this process at atom scale in real time. Although the influence of various polishing conditions on polished surface features has been evaluated in the literature, the grain chemical composition influence has not been studied yet. In the present paper, this condition influence on optical glass material polishing at atom scale was assessed using MD simulation. Fused silica was employed as optical glass test pieces, and the abrasive grains used were α-quartz, diamond and α-alumina. Force on the grain was from 0.5 pN to 16.0 pN and cut velocity was 20 m/s. Tersoff potential function method was used to represent the covalent bonds of the materials. The results showed simulations at ≥ 2.0 pN were unstable during polishing due to the mechanical failure. Grain sliding also produced a new microstructure in the glass via the dislocation and deformation of the chemical bonds. The material removal rate (MRR) furthermore was directly proportional to the grain force and the hardness of the grain. The increment in the grain force increased the friction force. Grain chemical composition moreover influenced on the polishing phenomena