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Context-based effect of shared leadership and perceived organizational support on counterproductive work behavior
Get PDFThis study investigates the effects of shared leadership on counterproductive work behaviors of organizations (CWB-O) and individuals (CWB-I), emphasizing the mediating role of perceived organizational support (POS) across different contexts. Data were collected from 143 organizational teams across three sectors in Tehran, Iran—software, charity, and food production—encompassing 515 team members. Using the social network approach, shared leadership was quantified based on team-level density. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is used to test the hypotheses. The findings revealed that shared leadership significantly reduces both CWB-O and CWB-I, with POS playing a mediating role. Furthermore, findings indicate that team type moderates the relationships between shared leadership, POS, and CWBs. By integrating organizational support theory, social exchange theory, and norm of reciprocity, this study provides a novel theoretical conceptualization linking shared leadership, POS, and CWBs, deepening the understanding of leadership’s impact on workplace behavior
Unveiling Psychosocial Factors Influencing Metaverse-Associated App Adoption: Acumens from fsQCA Approach
Get PDFThe Metaverse represents a fusion of the physical and digital worlds, heralding the next evolution in the manufacturing and services sector. Given the rapid proliferation of Metaverse-associated apps (MAPPs), gaining a profound understanding of consumer proclivities and intentions to use them is crucial. However, existing Metaverse literature primarily uses symmetric variance-based approaches, which have not fully captured the complex interactions among factors influencing adoption. We address this gap by examining how various psychosocial factors and their configurations influence MAPPs adoption through the lens of configuration and complexity theories. The research results were based on a sample of 372 Chinese consumers analyzed using PLS-SEM, NCA, and fsQCA, identifying seven distinct solutions, each characterized by a unique combination of personality, motivational, social, and functional traits. This study adds to the Metaverse literature by offering a robust theoretical framework to explain the asymmetric impact of psychosocial factors on MAPP adoption
Quasi-industrial accelerated testing of a HIPIMS deposited nano-layered CrAlYN/CrN coating for improving hot forging die life of nitrided H13 steel
Get PDFDie life is a major concern in the hot forging sector because of ramifications for productivity and costs. Despite surface engineering technologies being an established route to protecting against die surface degradation, to the authors' knowledge there are no reports of a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) deposited coating having been trialled for this purpose. In this study, a 0.8 μm thick CrAlN base layer followed by a 9.0 μm CrAlYN/CrN nanoscale multilayer was deposited via HIPIMS onto a HIPIMS-pretreated nitrided H13 tool steel. The comparator was nitrided H13. An accelerated test method employed an industrial-scale screw press to forge 260 Inconel 718 billets onto a model die that was designed to exacerbate susceptibility to damage. Billets were preheated to 1000 °C and the tools were held at 250 °C. These conditions were sufficient to induce in the nitrided only die many of the damage mechanisms that variously determine real-world hot forging tool life. In contrast, the coating did not suffer abrasive wear or thermomechanical fatigue cracking and was considerably more resistant to oxidation and pick-up. Additionally, the coating provided excellent thermal insulation of the substrate and, hence, protection against thermal softening-induced plastic yield. It did not, however, protect against mechanical fatigue, with cracks occurring in the same single region of both dies. Although these led to localised complete loss of coating, the substrate was protected until such point and the onset of wear was significantly delayed
There’s power in the community: a sociomaterial analysis of university learning spaces.
Get PDFInternationally, the significance of the relationship between the university environment and the student experience is well-documented. In response, UK university leaders have driven forward policies that focus on estates' expansion and regeneration. The restrictions necessitated by the Covid-19 pandemic presented an opportunity to explore questions around the importance of the materiality of campus and its impact on the student experience. This case study examines students’ experiences over time within a post-1992 UK university during the 2020/21 academic year and makes a trifold contribution. First, it explores how restrictions placed on learning spaces can foreground the relationship(s) between space and learning practice. Second, through adopting a sociomateriality perspective, the paper examines students’ reactions to the top-down approach taken to Higher Education (HE) policy making and its potential for exposing manifestations of power within the student experience. Third, the paper illustrates how photovoice methodology can encourage reflections on the impact of materiality on the student experience. The findings reveal two principal themes: power dynamics and community participation. The authors make recommendations for university leaders to adopt a community-first, co-creation approach towards future policy-making that enables meaningful dialogue with students and educators and drives forward sustainable, inclusive change
The impact of artificial intelligence adoption on Chinese manufacturing enterprises’ innovativeness: new insights from a labor structure perspective
Get PDFPurpose This research aims to investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) adoption on the innovation dynamics of Chinese manufacturing enterprises, with a specific focus on the intricate interplay with the labor structure. Design/methodology/approach Leveraging panel data of listed companies from 2010 to 2022, this study employs the two-way fixed effects (TWFE) model to examine the influence of AI adoption on Chinese manufacturing companies' innovativeness. Firm-level AI adoption is measured by constructing a three-dimensional index of attention, application, and absorption. Findings The results indicate that (1) AI adoption positively impacts both internal innovation capability and external innovation interaction. (2) AI adoption has dual effects on manufacturing enterprises' labor education and skill structure. (3) Enterprises with a highly educated and skilled workforce exhibit a more substantial influence of AI adoption on innovativeness. Originality/value This research contributes to the academic and practical discourse by introducing new measurements of the AI adoption index and providing original insights into the impact of AI adoption on innovation interaction and labor structure within Chinese manufacturing. The findings emphasize the need for a highly educated and skilled workforce to navigate the complexities of AI-driven innovation, offering valuable theoretical and practical implications for policymakers and enterprises
Can Online Exercise Using Wearable Devices Improve Perceived Well-Being? A Study Among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.
Get PDFToday, cardiovascular diseases contribute to approximately 17.9 million deaths annually worldwide. With reference to Europe, coronary artery disease (CAD) causes about 3.9 million deaths annually. Considering the positive physical and psychological outcomes of on-site exercise for CAD patients, this study aimed to expand the literature by examining the effects of a 6-month online exercise training program using wearable devices on CAD patients’ perceived well-being, measured with the PERMA profiler. Individual well-being is considered today as an important prerequisite for healthy societies. Thirty patients with a recent myocardial infarction (i.e., <4 weeks) were randomly assigned to either the online home-based or the community-based exercise group. Both groups followed the same 24-week exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program three times per week. Each session consisted of a 30-min aerobic, followed by a 15-min strength workout, and then a 15-min balance and flexibility training. The results of the Mann–Whitney U tests and the z scores indicated that the Meaning of Life, Health, Accomplishment, Engagement, and Positive Relationship dimensions of the PERMA were statistically improved, and Negative Emotions were decreased. These findings support the importance of cardiac telerehabilitation for patients’ psychological health, demonstrating that online exercise using wearable devices can be a meaningful alternative to on-site exercise for patients with recent myocardial infarction. These results have policy implications as they provide arguments for providing online exercise for CAD patients as an alternative means for improving their psychological health
Departmental practice on informed consent in radiotherapy departments: a UK evaluation
Get PDFIntroduction
Valid and informed consent in healthcare is an ethical and legal requirement. This evaluation reports the practices within UK radiotherapy departments surrounding consent processes and therapeutic radiographer (TR) education. This article focuses on those patients who are considered to lack the capacity to consent.
Method
This service evaluation adopted a qualitative research design. Seventy-six radiotherapy department managers were sent the online survey: containing a combination of open, closed and free text questions relating to consent practices. Descriptive analysis using Microsoft Excel was performed; additional correlation analysis was attempted with Fisher’s exact test using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.
Results
TRs from 39 radiotherapy departments (51%) completed the survey. Analysis of results demonstrated obtaining written consent before radiotherapy treatment was completed in all departments. Assessment methods used to determine capacity to consent varied across the departments. Responses identified 37 departments employ a different consent form for those considered to lack capacity. Thirty-eight departments have a policy surrounding consent; 16 departments reported no formal TR education in consent. Of the remaining 22 departments, 13 departments included lack of capacity within their education package.
Conclusion
To ensure best practice throughout the UK, is it recommended that radiotherapy departments review their consent processes to ensure they are in the best interests of the patient. It is recommended that TRs are familiar with their regulatory body standards and the ethical and legal issues surrounding consent; all departments should consider capacity and those considered to lack capacity within their education and training framework
New development: Translating restorative practices into public sector organizations
Get PDFThis article examines implementation of restorative practice (RP) in public sector organizations
through the lens of translation theory. Despite the global proliferation of RP, there is a scarcity of
explanatory works on successful practice translations. The authors illustrate how RP has been
decontextualized from criminal justice, and recontextualized for education/social care and
healthcare. Effective translations require an understanding of both original and new contexts,
attention to strategic and operational levels, as well as effective communication