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Evolutionary multi-mode slime mold optimization: a hyper-heuristic algorithm inspired by slime mold foraging behaviors
No full textThis paper proposes a novel hyper-heuristic algorithm termed evolutionary multi-mode slime mold optimization (EMSMO) for addressing continuous optimization problems. The architecture of a typical hyper-heuristic algorithm comprises two main components: the high-level component and the low-level component. The low-level component contains a set of low-level heuristics (LLHs) and intrinsic problem attributes, while the high-level component manipulates the LLHs to construct the sequence of heuristics. Inspired by the foraging behaviors of slime mold, we designed four easy-implemented search strategies including the search for food, approach food, wrap food, and re-initialization as the LLHs for the low-level component. In the high-level component, we adopt an improvement-based probabilistic selection function that contains two metrics: (1) the probability of improvement and (2) the normalized improvement. The selection function cooperates with the roulette wheel strategy to construct the optimization sequence. To evaluate the performance of our proposal, we implement comprehensive numerical experiments on CEC2013 benchmark functions and three engineering optimization problems. Six classic or advanced evolutionary algorithms and three hyper-heuristic algorithms are applied as competitor algorithms to evaluate the competitiveness of EMSMO. Experimental and statistical results show that EMSMO has broad prospects for solving continuous optimization problems
Exploring new mechanisms of disorders of sex development using Sry-deficient mammalian species
No full text配架番号：284
Exploration of pathophysiology and novel biomarkers in systemic autoimmune diseases and Moyamoya disease [an abstract of entire text]
No full textこの博士論文全文の閲覧方法については、以下のサイトをご参照ください。https://www.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dissertations/copy-guides
Studies on the CEA specific chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
No full textAssociation between weight loss and death in patients with malignant melanoma : A retrospective study of 28 cases
No full textMalignant melanoma (MM) is often associated with a poor prognosis due to metastasis and cancer death. The monitoring of prognostic factors is of vital importance, and among these factors, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) should be closely observed during the disease course. Important factors for predicting the survival of MM patients include tumor thickness, ulceration, the number of lymph node metastases, metastatic lesions, and the sites of metastasis. Weight loss is not generally included in the prognostic factors of MM, but it is monitored in other cancers, such as lung cancer and gastrointestinal cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between weight loss and MM prognosis. Using data from MM patients who had been treated at our institution, we assessed the prognoses of two groups: weight loss of at least 5% body weight or weight loss not exceeding 5% body weight within a 12-month period. As a result, a higher mortality rate was found for the former group. Furthermore, the loss of at least 5% of body weight within a month was found to almost always adversely affect the patient's prognosis. The present study indicates that there may be an association between MM prognosis and weight loss of at least 5% within a year, and body weight could potentially serve as an informative factor for MM survival
Hereditary thrombocythemia due to splicing donor site mutation of THPO in a japanese family
No full textThrombopoietin (THPO) is an essential factor for platelet production. Hereditary thrombocythemia (HT) is caused by a germline mutation of THPO, MPL, or JAK2 and is inherited in an autosomal-dominant manner. We identified a Japanese family with HT due to a point mutation of the splicing donor site of the THPO gene (THPO c.13 + 1G > A). Bone marrow biopsy showed increased megakaryocytes mimicking essential thrombocythemia. One affected family member developed chronic myeloid leukemia. We cloned the mutation and developed mutated and wild type THPO expression vectors. Molecular analysis showed that the mutation causes an exon 3 skipping transcript of THPO that abrogates a suppressive untranslated upstream open reading frame. Although the transcript levels of THPO mRNA were comparable, mutated transcripts were more efficiently translated and THPO protein expression was significantly higher than that of the wild type
Simplicity and tracial weights on non-unital reduced crossed products
No full textWe extend theorems of Breuillard-Kalantar-Kennedy-Ozawa on unital reduced crossed products to the non-unital case under mild assumptions. As a result simplicity of C*-algebras is stable under taking reduced crossed products over discrete C*-simple groups, and a similar result for uniqueness of tracial weight. Interestingly, our analysis on tracial weights involves von Neumann algebra theory. Our generalizations have two applications. The first is to locally compact groups. We establish stability results of (non-discrete) C*-simplicity and the unique trace property under discrete group extensions. The second is to the twisted crossed product. Thanks to the Packer-Raeburn theorem, our results lead to (generalizations of) the results of Bryder-Kennedy by a different method
Utilization of above-ground space in captivity by four sympatric shrew species from Hokkaido, Japan
No full textThe present study focused on the above-ground activity of shrews by observing their climbing frequency and duration on aerial parts of plants in a laboratory setting for four sympatric shrew species (Sorex unguiculatus, S. caecutiens, S. gracillimus, and S. minutissimus) in Hokkaido, Japan. All shrew species utilized aerial parts of plant. The lighter S. gracillimus tended to exhibit a higher frequency and longer duration of climbing on aerial parts compared to the heaviest S. unguiculatus, which tended to avoid using such parts. While the sample size is small, the smallest S. minutissimus and medium-sized S. caecutiens seemed to use more aerial parts than S. unguiculatus. All shrew species tended to prefer using the fuki butterbur and the sasa bamboo compared to the other plant types. Additionally, S. unguiculatus and S. caecutiens tended to avoid the use of herbs with the thinnest diameters. These findings are probably related with the diameter and morphology of plant. The result of the present study provides novel insights into the potential niche separation among the four sympatric shrew species in Hokkaido
Wide-range thermal conductivity modulation based on protonated nickelate perovskite oxides
No full textThe perovskite oxides ReNiO3 (Re = rare-earth elements) are promising functional materials due to their strongly correlated electrons. Except for the well-known intrinsic metal-insulating transition in these materials, recent progresses have proved that protonation of ReNiO3 can bring about interesting Mott transition in this series. To date, in these protonated species (H-ReNiO3), huge resistance switching, fast ionic diffusion, and their applications as an iontronic transistor, memristor, and fuel cell are reported. In this work, the thermal conductivities of H-ReNiO3 (Re = La, Nd, Sm, and Eu) epitaxial thin films are investigated. The protonation-induced Mott transition can effectively modulate the electronic thermal conductivity while the lattice thermal conductance is less affected. Hence, at room temperature, the metallic LaNiO3 and NdNiO3 exhibit reversible wide thermal conductivity modulation, in ranges of 2.6-12.0 and 1.6-8.0 W m(-1) K-1, respectively. These values are much larger than other thermal regulation materials based on transition metal oxides. Thus, our work reveals the great potential of ReNiO3 being applied as a thermal-regulating material. The fast ionic diffusion in H-ReNiO3 also guarantees that a fast response and wide-range thermal transistor can be realized by H-LaNiO3 and H-NdNiO3 in the future