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Between “Southwest of China” and “the Far East” : Thinking Modern Yunnan under a “Double Periphery” Perspective
No full text「雲南」という言葉は、直訳すると雲の南である。つまりこの地域は中華帝国の想像の産物として、帝国の南の空に漂う雲の下の場所を意味する。それゆえ雲南は、長きにわたって中心から遠く離れ、後進的な多民族が雑居する辺境地域と認識されていた。しかし19世紀後半から、フランス人が著わした旅行記が大量に出版されると、そこで雲南は南仏に似た暖かい気候をもち、開発を待つ処女地として描かれた。こうしたフランス語の旅行記は、無論植民地主義の色彩を帯びているものの、その一方で中華帝国による従来の語りとは異なるもう一つのナラティブを含んでいる。本研究は、二つの帝国が雲南に投げかけたまなざしの交錯から、雲南がいかにして中華帝国の西南とフランス殖民地帝国の極東に位置付けられ、「二重の周縁」として構築されたのかを分析する。また本研究は、近代雲南知識人が発刊した新聞雑誌を分析し、彼らがいかに周縁性を思考し、さらに主体性を創出したのかを検討する。In Chinese, Yunnan means the south side of the clouds. Yet, where exactly is Yunnan? Existing in the Chinese Empire’s imagination, it is located under the clouds drifting in the Empire’s southern sky: a marginal area inhabited by many ethnic groups. However, from the mid-19th century, Yunnan was portrayed in a large number of travelogues written by the French as a land of unexplored beauty, a land which was considered to be very similar to Southern France. There is no doubt that such writing was a reflection of French colonialism, but it was also a departure from the traditional Chinese description of Yunnan as a borderland of barbarians. This study therefore attempts to analyze how Yunnan was constructed as a double periphery (Southwest of China and the Far East of France) at the intersection of imperial gazes. Furthermore, this study analyzes the newspapers published by modern Yunnan intellectuals, and explains how they thought about the characterization of being peripheries and how they created the subjectivity
Information geometric bound on general chemical reaction networks
Get PDFWe investigate the convergence of chemical reaction networks (CRNs), aiming to establish an upper bound on their reaction rates. The nonlinear characteristics and discrete composition of CRNs pose significant challenges in this endeavor. To circumvent these complexities, we adopt an information geometric perspective, utilizing the natural gradient to formulate a nonlinear system. This system effectively determines an upper bound for the dynamics of CRNs. We corroborate our methodology through numerical simulations, which reveal that our constructed system converges more rapidly than CRNs within a particular class of reactions. This class is defined by the count of chemicals, the highest stoichiometric coefficients in the reactions, and the total number of reactions involved. Further, we juxtapose our approach with traditional methods, illustrating that the latter falls short in providing an upper bound for CRN reaction rates. Although our investigation centers on CRNs, the widespread presence of hypergraphs across various disciplines, ranging from natural sciences to engineering, indicates potential wider applications of our method, including in the realm of information science
Field-induced transformation between triangular and square skyrmion crystals in a tetragonal polar magnet
Get PDFMagnetic skyrmions with topologically nontrivial spin textures form a variety of periodic structures depending on microscopic interactions and lattice symmetry. We theoretically investigate a transformation between triangular and square skyrmion crystals against an external magnetic field in a polar tetragonal magnet. By performing the simulated annealing for a classical spin model, we show that the competition of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction at multiple wave vectors is a key ingredient in inducing the structural transition in terms of the skyrmion crystals. The present results indicate the importance of magnetic frustration in momentum space as the origin of exotic topological phase transitions
Analyzing trends in bullying victimization from 2017 to 2022 : Focusing on the variations in occurrence frequencies
Get PDFThis study investigated the trends in school bullying from 2017 to 2022 by focusing the frequencies of occurrence. During this period, a series of surveys was conducted, in which a total of 23,704 Japanese students from fifth to ninth grades participated. The findings revealed a decrease in the overall prevalence of school bullying; however, incidents of high-frequency bullying victimization did not exhibit a similar decline. This suggests that high-frequency bullying victimization is both more prevalent and persistent than less frequent occurrences, underlining that frequent bullying remains a significant concern among Japanese students. 本研究は2017年から2022年にかけての小中学校でのいじめ被害の傾向を、発生頻度に注目し、調査を実施した。この期間に、合計23,704人の日本人の生徒（小学5年生から中学3年生）が調査に参加した。その結果、全体的にみて、この期間の間に学校でのいじめ被害の発生率が減少したことが明らかになったが、深刻（高頻度）ないじめ被害の発生に関しては、全体と同様の減少傾向は示されなかった。これは、深刻ないじめ被害が、頻度の低いものと比較してより持続することを示しており、深刻ないじめ被害が日本の児童生徒の間で依然として重大な問題であることを示唆していると考えられる
Access to Parenting Support Resources and Issuesn in the Early Phases of Parenting a First Child
Get PDF 札幌市の1 か月児および4 か月児の養育者を対象とした質問紙調査により、第一子の子育ての初期において、養育者がどのように育児情報を取得し、どのような悩みや不安および相談相手を持ち、子育て支援のための諸資源にアクセスしているかを検討した。調査に協力した105 名（1 か月児25 名、4 か月児80 名）について、全体的に子育ての相談相手はいるものの、その相手は夫・パートナーが8 割と高く、「近所の人」は9 割以上が「あてはまらない」と回答した。子育ての悩みや不安を解消するために利用する資源は、1 か月児・4 か月児ともに、家族・友人（約8 割～ 9 割）、SNS（約7 割）、インターネット動画（約6 割）の順に高かった。「市の情報」は1 か月児で12%、4 か月児で20%、「子育て支援施設」はそれぞれ4% と16.3% というように、生後1 か月から4 か月にかけて、育児情報や子育て支援資源のバリエーションが増えていくと考えられた。しかし、対面形式の子育て支援の認知について、4 か月児においても「知っているが利用したことがない」が約7 割から8 割に上ったことから、ニーズのある養育者が利用に結びつくようなきっかけをどう工夫するかが今後の課題と考えられた
中国における家計金融と幸福に関する研究 [全文の要約]
No full textこの博士論文全文の閲覧方法については、以下のサイトをご参照ください。https://www.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dissertations/copy-guides
A Feedback Vertex Set-Based Approach to Simplifying Probabilistic Boolean Networks
Get PDFA PBN is well known as a mathematical model of complex network systems such as gene regulatory networks. In Boolean networks, interactions between nodes (e.g., genes) are modeled by Boolean functions. In PBNs, Boolean functions are switched probabilistically. In this paper, for a PBN, a simplified representation that is effective in analysis and control is proposed. First, after a polynomial representation of a PBN is briefly explained, a simplified representation is derived. Here, the steady-state value of the expected value of the state is focused, and is characterized by a minimum feedback vertex set of an interaction graph expressing interactions between nodes. Next, using this representation, input selection and stabilization are discussed. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated by a biological example