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Parâmetros genéticos e validação de marcadores microssatélites associados com ferro e zinco em feijão comum
No full textThe objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters, evaluate the agronomic performance, and validate the microsatellite molecular markers (SSRs) linked with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Fe and Zn concentrations in grains of common bean, in order to select superior lines. One hundred and sixteen lines from two populations ('BRS Requinte' × 'Porto Real' and 'BRS Requinte' × G2358) and five check genotypes were evaluated in three environments. The parents and lines were genotyped with 20 SSRs. In the simultaneous selection of the lines for the four evaluated traits, the gains from selection were 4.7% for Fe concentration, 2.8% for Zn concentration, 3.9% for yield, and 0.9% for 100-seed weight. Therefore, there is the possibility of selection of lines that combine desirable phenotypes for the traits of interest. The only polymorphic marker is BM 154 in the 'BRS Requinte' × 'Porto Real' population, indicating that the QTLs linked with the markers may already be fixed or that the markers are not associated in the used populations. The single-marker analysis of QTL mapping shows an association between BM 154 and Fe concentration in only one environment, explaining 14.5% of phenotypic variation, which indicates the occurrence of the interaction of QTLs with environments
Document SC22-15b: Appointment of GAC representative to the Nominations Committee of the System Council
No full textGenetic diversity and population structure of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) germplasm
No full textSoybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) is a significant legume crop for oil and protein. However, its yield in Africa is less than half the global average resulting in low production, which is inadequate for satisfying the continent’s needs. To address this disparity in productivity, it is crucial to develop new high-yielding cultivars by utilizing the genetic diversity of existing germplasms. Consequently, the genetic diversity and population structure of various soybean accessions were evaluated in this study. To achieve this objective, a collection of 147 soybean accessions was genotyped using the Diversity Array Technology Sequencing method, enabling high-throughput analysis of 7,083 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across the soybean genome. The average values observed for polymorphism information content (PIC), minor allele frequency, expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity were 0.277, 0.254, 0.344, and 0.110, respectively. The soybean genotypes were categorized into four groups on the basis of model-based population structure, principal component analysis, and discriminant analysis of the principal component. Alternatively, hierarchical clustering was used to organize the accessions into three distinct clusters. Analysis of molecular variance indicated that the genetic variance (77%) within the populations exceeded the variance (23%) among them. The insights gained from this study will assist breeders in selecting parental lines for genetic recombination. The present study demonstrates that soybean improvement is viable within the IITA breeding program, and its outcome will help to optimize the genetic enhancement of soybeans
Dryland Crops Program: Tackling the 50:20 challenge
No full textIn 2024, CIMMYT’s Dryland Crops Program (DCP) laid the foundations to advance its vision and address the 50:20 challenge. This is possible through the efforts of over 200 scientists from partner institutions, working collaboratively to deliver impact
Picture-based crop insurance: Using smartphone camera data for claims verification in India
No full textThis brief discusses the findings of an impact evaluation of a picture-based crop insurance scheme that uses smartphone camera data for claims verification in India. 3ie initially received funding for the Agricultural Insurance Evidence Program from UK aid through the Department for International Development (now known as FCDO). The program is now funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Structural, Physicochemical, and Digestion Properties of Sweetpotato Starches
No full textSweetpotato starch has significant nutritional value. However, there is considerable variability in starch characteristics among different sweetpotato cultivars, necessitating a deeper understanding of the inherent varietal differences. This study compares the structural and physicochemical properties of starches from seven sweetpotato varieties: NASPOT8, NASPOT10 O, NASPOT11, NASPOT12 O, NASPOT13 O, Kakamega, and Ejumula, cultivated in Uganda. The results suggest that sweetpotato starch granules are irregularly elliptical. The amylose content ranges from 20.87% to 35.40%, with low starch damage of 0.19% to 0.53%. The peak viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown viscosity, and setback viscosity vary from 9973 cp to 19258 cp, 2190 cp to 5901 cp, 6791 cp to 14195 cp, and 272 cp to 1501 cp, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals Cc-type starch with a relative crystallinity of 11.76% to 15.34%. The RDS, SDS, and RS amounts vary significantly (p<0.05) from 70.20% to 79%, 9.42% to 16.02%, and 7.72% to 15.48%, respectively. NASPOT8 has unique features among the seven varieties, including reduced pasting viscosity, higher gelatinization temperature, and lower digestibility. The findings provide valuable insights into using sweetpotato varieties grown in Uganda for various food and non-food applications
Preservation of the IFPRI record: Moving 50 Years of research
No full textAs the International Food Policy Research Institute approaches a half-century of agricultural research, the Communications Unit has taken the opportunity to review the legacy of both our organization and our researchers. As part of this effort, the Knowledge Management team spent a year migrating over 25,000 metadata records, including about 13,000 with a PDF file attached, from an Institutional Repository (CONTENTdm) to a shared Consortial Repository (CGSpace based on DSpace). In the process, we have improved the metadata and worked to conform our records with the different standards of the shared environment and ensure continued discoverability and usability. We were also able to identify key gaps in our open access holdings and added PDF files were possible. We continue to validate the metadata and holdings, including additions of chapter records that were previously missing. Our project has led to a greater role for our team on the shared platform and we have trained other CGIAR centers on how to successfully migrate their collections
Transforming Lives: Olubunmi Oke's Journey with Farmers Outreach
No full textIn this video, Olubunmi Tayo Oke shared how Radio IITA’s outreach program exposed her to revolutionary techniques in cassava stem cutting and seed multiplication which dramatically enhanced her farm’s productivity
