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From uncertainty to precarity: moral economy practices among the Somali community in Kakuma refugee camp
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Quelle approche stratégique pour une nouvelle génération des prévisions saisonnières en Afrique de l’Ouest et du Sahel : analyses et propositions
No full textA travers une analyse approfondie de l’état de l’art actuel des connaissances et des expériences en matière de prévision climatique en Afrique de l’Ouest et du Sahel, cette note fait des propositions qui serviront de cadre d’orientation pour la mise en œuvre effective d’une nouvelle approche intégrée de prévisions saisonnières dans cette région. Il s’agit d’une approche intégrée permettant de prendre avantage des aspects spécifiques de chacune des méthodes statistiques et dynamiques utilisées actuellement de manière différentielle. La mise en œuvre de cette nouvelle approche intégrée et appropriée pour la région Afrique de l’Ouest et du Sahel permettra de : (a) générer des prévisions saisonnières élaborées avec plus de traçabilité, plus précis, plus détaillé et plus adapté aux besoins spécifiques des utilisateurs ; (b) un format organisationnel du RCOF plus allégé, donc plus durable ; (c) une facilité de mise à jour mensuelle des prévisions ; (d) des capacités accrues des acteurs de la région pour fournir aux usagers des services basées sur les résultats récents de la recherche et de la technologie sur le climat et ses impacts ; (e) la consolidation de AGRHYMET comme centre climatique régional accréditée et disposant de toutes les capacités opérationnelles pour confirmer son leadership régional dans la fourniture des services climatiques. AGRHYMET en tant que Centre Régional Climatique s’appuiera sur certaines de ses initiatives en cours, notamment les projets AICCRA et FSRP pour assurer la mise en œuvre opérationnelle de la nouvelle approche, toute chose qui contribuera à renforcer le positionnement de AGRHYMET comme Leader régional sur les services climatiques accrédité par l’OM
The links between agriculture and health: an intersectoral opportunity to improve the health and livelihoods of the poor
No full textAgriculture and health are linked in many ways. First, agriculture is essential for good health: it produces the world’s food, fibre and materials for shelter; in many countries it is also an important source of livelihood among the poor. At the same time, agriculture can be linked with poor health, including malnutrition, malaria, foodborne illnesses, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), livestock-related diseases, chronic diseases and occupational ill-health. Health also affects agriculture: people’s health status influences the demand for agricultural outputs, and in agricultural communities, poor health reduces work performance, reducing income and productivity and perpetuating a downward spiral into ill-health. This paper presents an overview of the bidirectional links between agriculture and health with a focus on the developing world. It develops a conceptual framework that brings together the various links between agriculture and health into a single broad framework. The framework comprises the core components of the agricultural supply chain (producers, systems and outputs), key health concerns and the mechanisms of common interaction between the agricultural and health components: income, labour, environment and access — all key social determinants of health.These links between agriculture and health present an opportunity for the two sectors to work together to find solutions to each other’s problems. Yet the health and agricultural sectors remain poorly coordinated. Leadership from global health and agricultural institutions is needed to build policies and good governance to facilitate integration, while capacity building is needed at all levels to help translate the conceptual links into comprehensive action
P40: Rate of seed transmission of bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) in successive generations in cowpea
No full textThis study aimed to understand the effect of genotype, time of infection, and seed morphometrics on seedborne virus infections in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) transmission and the eventual impact of seed-borne viruses on cowpea yield compared to uninfected control. Experiments were performed using a Potyvirus species, bean common mosaic virus-blackeye (BCMV-BlCM). This virus is endemic in West Africa. Nine cowpea genotypes raised in 6-inch pots and maintained in an insect-proof screenhouse were mechanically inoculated at 7, 21, and 40 days after planting (DAP). Seeds obtained from both the inoculated and uninoculated control groups were planted, and the seedlings were examined for seedborne infection based on symptoms and RT-PCR diagnostics. All identified seed-borne plants were maintained until harvest and re-evaluated for seed transmission and the impact of seedborne viruses on cowpea yield in successive generations. In the first generation, percent BCMV seed transmission rates of 7.9, 4.6, and 44.4 were observed in genotypes RS018 inoculated at 21 DAP, RS075 (7 DAP), and RS012 (DAP). In the second generation, 35.1%, 0%, and 34.1% transmission rates were reported for the same genotypes. Significant reduction in seed yield and prolonged days to phenology was observed in seedborne plants when compared to uninfected controls. Early-stage protection against virus infection will reduce the risk of seed transmission in cowpeas
Steering Committee of the Integrated Partnership Board (IPB-SteerCom) Terms of Reference
No full textTraining on the Utilization of Climate Smart Moisture and Nutrient Monitoring Tools among Lead Smallholder Horticulture Farmers in Uganda
No full textDecision support tools, especially those that provide relevant data in a quick and user-friendly manner, are critical in helping farmers make better decisions in their operations, including crop production and irrigation water use. To address the challenges of unsustainable irrigation water use, related water use conflicts and high nutrient leaching in the Mubuku Irrigation Scheme in Uganda, the training enhanced capacities of 70 participants (46 males, 24 females) comprising smallholder horticulture farmers, extension workers, irrigation scheme technicians and District Local Government Officials on the utilization of climate-smart moisture and nutrient monitoring tools. The tools are a collection of chameleon field readers, wetting front detectors, chameleon EC meters, and chameleon nitrate strips that work together to help farmers assess soil moisture, saturation, and nitrate levels
