Publikationer från Linköpings universitet
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Results and Discussions from Aligning Ontologies in the Circular Economy Domain
No full textThe Circular Economy (CE) domain is increasingly leveraging ontologies to represent domain knowledge for data sharing and exchange. Several CE-related ontologies have been developed to model CE-specific knowledge for circular value networks. However, CE knowledge representation also relies heavily on existing ontologies from related domains, such as materials and manufacturing, due to the cross-industry nature of CE. Aligning CE-related ontologies is a key step toward enhancing interoperability and reusability. In this paper, we present alignment results and discussions on CE-related ontologies based on an extended ontology survey within the scope of the Onto-DESIDE project
D.I.S.K.A : Design of Interfaces for Senior-friendly Kitchen Accessibility, through Co-Design
No full textThis project explores the challenges and opportunities of involving senior users in the co-design of a dishwasher interface, with the aim of improving accessibility and usability. Through workshops, interviews, and user testing, we investigated how age-related impairments affect interaction with household appliances and how design can better support diverse user needs. Our findings highlight the importance of tactile feedback, clarity in navigation, and simplified information hierarchies. We also reflect on the co-design process itself, noting the value of trust-building, personal engagement, and non-invasive facilitation when working with senior participants. The outcome is a redesigned dishwasher interface centred on core functionality, getting the dishes clean, while addressing the preferences for simplicity, reliability, and accessibility. The project offers practical recommendations for students and companies working with similar user groups and identifies areas for future research, including tactile markers, modularity, and sound feedback
Towards privacy-preserving anomaly-based intrusion detection in energy communities
No full textEnergy communities consist of decentralized energy production, storage, consumption, and distribution and are gaining traction in modern power systems. However, these communities may increase the vulnerability of the grid to cyber threats. We propose an anomaly-based intrusion detection system to enhance the security of energy communities. The system leverages LSTM autoencoders to detect deviations from normal operational patterns in order to identify anomalies induced by attacks or faults. Operational data for training and evaluation are derived from a Simulink-based model of an energy community. The results show that the autoencoder-based intrusion detection system achieves good detection performance across multiple attack scenarios, up to 0.9270 and 0.9735 in precision and recall respectively. We also demonstrate potential for real-world application of the system by training a federated model that enables distributed intrusion detection while preserving data privacy
Use of recycled phosphorus products in organic farming in EU member states: Theoretically supported but practically restricted
No full textOrganic farming policies and guidelines actively promote sustainable farming practices emphasising tighter nutrient cycles on farms and regionally. The European Union Green Deal aims to increase organic farmland to 25% and has triggered more discussion about nutrient supply challenges in organic farming, including propositions to allow the use of more recycled phosphorus products. Via a pivotal regulatory shift, struvite was allowed for use in organic farming in 2023 but dynamics involved in adoption of this recycled P product into organic farming are not understood. This study explores the influence of policy, technology, and financial instruments on the availability, accessibility, and adoption of wastewater-based struvite in organic farming.We use a qualitative multi-methods approach and adopt a systems perspective to explore the complex interplay between key sectors and the important variables in the recycled P chain. Our analysis reveals a lack of perceived P supply risk for organic farming in the European Union. Whereas the organic farming regulation is an arbiter for inputs into organic farming, adoption of recycled P products by farmers hinges on rigorous quality assurance and financial accessibility. Moreover, there are opposing views among actors on forms of policy interventions to facilitate availability and adoption of recycled P products in organic farming. However, within existing policy frameworks leverage points are present for strategic pathways to promote recycled P use in organic farming.Funding Agencies|RecaP project; European Union [956454]</p
Between Intention and Reality : The Preventive Work of Social Services against Youth Crime in a Time of Change
No full textDenna studie undersöker hur yrkesverksamma inom socialtjänsten uppfattar och praktiserar det förebyggande arbetet mot ungdomskriminalitet i ljuset av den nya socialtjänstlagen, som träder i kraft den 1 juli 2025. Fokus ligger särskilt på hur det förebyggande uppdraget formas i praktiken, vilka hinder och möjligheter som påverkar yrkesverksammas handlingsutrymme samt vilka strategier och metoder som används. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ forskningsdesign med en hermeneutisk ansats och bygger på sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med yrkesverksamma inom socialtjänsten i två svenska kommuner. Intervjuerna analyserades genom en tematisk analys. Analysen utgår från Michael Lipskys teori om gräsrotsbyråkrater och begreppet handlingsutrymme, vilket synliggör hur socialarbetare tolkar, anpassar och ibland omformar lagens intentioner i mötet med praktiska och lokala förutsättningar, samt hur de navigerar mellan politiska ambitioner och organisatoriska begränsningar i sitt vardagliga arbete. Resultatet visar att det förebyggande arbetet uppfattas som viktigt men utmanas av organisatoriska hinder såsom hög arbetsbelastning, begränsade resurser och otydliga riktlinjer för lagens implementering. Respondenterna uttrycker ett starkt engagemang för det förebyggande uppdraget men beskriver hur arbetet ofta får stå tillbaka för akuta ärenden. De efterfrågar tydligare strukturer, ökat stöd och bättre samverkan med andra aktörer. Studien visar att det förebyggande uppdraget formas i ett spänningsfält mellan politiska ambitioner och vardagliga realiteter, där professionella bedömningar, lokal organisering och resurstillgång påverkar möjligheterna att agera förebyggande. Detta synliggör glappet som kan uppstå mellan lagens ambitioner och dess genomförande i praktiken. Slutsatsen är att även om den nya lagens intentioner om en mer proaktiv, tillgänglig och kunskapsbaserad socialtjänst är tydliga, är möjligheterna att förverkliga dessa i praktiken beroende av strukturella villkor, tydlig styrning och tillgång till resurser. Studien bidrar med praktiknära kunskap om hur lagreform tolkas och hanteras av de som förväntas genomföra den, och pekar på behovet av att förstå implementering ur ett vardagsperspektiv
Patient's expectations and experiences of yoga in group with either online or on-site participation during cancer treatment: A qualitative study
No full textPurpose: To describe patients' expectations prior to participating in a yoga intervention during cancer treatment and assess whether the outcomes experienced post-intervention align with these prior expectations. Method: A qualitative design was used, including participants from a quasi-experimental medical yoga intervention. Structured interviews (n = 20 in the online group yoga and n = 20 participating in the on-site group yoga) were conducted prior to and after 3-months yoga intervention, and were analyzed using thematic analysis employing a codebook approach. Results: Two themes were generated; individual holistic benefits of yoga, and collective benefits of group yoga. Participants expected yoga to be helpful in unwinding, learning breathing techniques for relaxation, gaining physical strength, feeling more energetic, and improving body control. However, emotional and mental benefits were more commonly described than the physical benefits after participating in the yoga sessions. Participants valued the sense of belonging to a group and the opportunity to exchange experiences related to practicing yoga and to their cancer diagnoses, which were often fulfilled. Additionally, participants valued guidance from instructors during group yoga sessions. Conclusions: This study adds to the growing body of evidence supporting yoga-whether on-site or online-as a valuable intervention for patients undergoing cancer treatment. While it may not fulfil all physical fitness expectations, its mental and emotional benefits (which were both expected and experienced), along with the sense of community it fosters, could make yoga a worthwhile mind and body intervention for these patients.Funding Agencies|Foundation for Cancer Research at the oncology departments in Linkoping [FORSS-993872]; [1001331]</p
Nationwide multicentre study of Nanopore long-read sequencing for 16S rRNA-species identification
No full textPurposeRecent improvements in Nanopore sequencing chemistry has made it a promising platform for long-read 16S rRNA sequencing. This study evaluated its clinical utility in a nationwide collaboration coordinated by Genomic Medicine Sweden.MethodsThirteen mock samples comprised of various bacterial strains and an External Quality Assessment (EQA) panel from QCMD (Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics) were analysed by 20 microbiological laboratories across Sweden, using the recent v14 chemistry. Most laboratories generated full-length 16S rRNA sequencing libraries using an optimized protocol for the 16S Barcoding Kit 24, while two laboratories employed in-house PCR coupled with the Ligation Sequencing Kit. The commercial 16S bioinformatic pipeline from 1928 Diagnostics (1928-16S) was evaluated and compared with the open-sourced gms_16S pipeline that is based on the EMU classification tool (GMS-16S).ResultsSeventeen out of 20 laboratories successfully sequenced and analysed the samples. Laboratories that used sodium acetate-containing elution buffers faced compatibility issues during library construction, resulting in reduced read count. High bacterial load samples were generally well-characterized, whereas hard-to-lyse bacteria such as Gram-positive strains were detected at lower abundance. The GMS-16S tool provided improved species-level identification compared to the 1928-16S pipeline, particularly for closely related taxa within the Streptococcus and Staphylococcus genera.ConclusionNanopore sequencing demonstrated promising potential for bacterial identification in a clinical setting. The results prompt further optimization of the protocol to improve detection of a broader range of species. This multicentre study highlights the feasibility of implementing Nanopore sequencing into clinical microbiological laboratories, for improved national precision diagnostics.Funding Agencies|University of Gothenburg; Genomic Medicine Sweden [2021-03660]; Vinnova; Swedish Innovation Agency; Ministry of Health and Social Affairs [VC-2022-006]; SciLifeLab; Swedish Childhood Cancer Fund; Oxford Nanopore Technologies</p
Experiences of the development and use of a Paediatric Oncology Trigger Tool
No full textBackground Trigger tools are widely used for detecting adverse events. Within the multicentre study Patient Safety in Paediatric Oncology, a trigger tool was created to address the unique needs of paediatric oncology. Although trigger tools are highly valued for detecting adverse events, concerns about their usability and reliability persist. Understanding the perspectives of medical record reviewers using these tools may provide valuable insights for improving their usability and reliability. This study aimed to explore the experiences of medical record reviewers involved in the development and use of a Paediatric Oncology Trigger Tool. Methods A descriptive qualitative case study was conducted to investigate the experiences of medical record reviewers participating in the development and use of the Paediatric Oncology Trigger Tool. Data were collected through a semi-structured focus group interview conducted via Zoom, involving six reviewers with varying levels of experience in paediatric oncology and trigger tool methodology. The interview was audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The written text was analysed in its entirety using reflexive thematic analysis. Results The analysis revealed an overarching theme of knowledge building with three themes: competencies, resources and usefulness. The findings highlight the importance of collaborative learning, expert support and adequate resources, while also noting challenges such as time consumption and the emotional impact of reviewing medical records of critically ill children. Conclusions This study offers a comprehensive examination and clarity regarding the development and use of a patient safety instrument, a process marked by both challenges and facilitators from the perspective of medical record reviewers. The study underscores the need for resources, training and support during the review process to ensure the reliability and usefulness of the trigger tool.Funding Agencies|Swedish Childhood Cancer Fund [KF 2020-0004]; Futurum - Academy for Health and Care, Region Jonkoeping County [990418]; Medical Research Council of Southeast Sweden [969293]; Foundation for Clinical Cancer Research, Jonkoeping, Sweden [911421]</p
Managing ecosystem services in the Brazilian Amazon: the influence of deforestation and forest degradation in the world's largest rain forest
No full textThe Amazon rain forest covers an area of similar to 6.7 million km(2) of South America; nearly 60% of it is in Brazil, while the rest is shared among eight other countries. This vast extent of rain forest is a globally significant ecosystem that provides numerous ecosystem services that benefit humanity including essential climate regulation, biodiversity conservation, and hydrological stability. However, deforestation and forest degradation have led to the loss of approximately 15% of the Amazon rainforest since the 1970s, primarily driven by agricultural expansion, illegal mining, logging, and wildfires. These pressures have triggered a cascade of consequences, including biodiversity loss, disruption of cultural and ecosystem services, depletion of carbon sinks, and severe alterations to the hydrological cycle. While initially manifesting at local and regional scales, these effects increasingly pose risks to global climate stability. We simulated deforestation scenarios (15%, 50%, and 100% forest loss) using the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM 3.1) to evaluate precipitation changes and atmospheric responses. Results indicate substantial reductions in regional precipitation, hydrological disruptions affecting agricultural productivity, and an increasing risk of the Amazon transitioning from a carbon sink to a carbon source. This underscores the urgency of policy interventions, including stricter environmental regulations, trade restrictions on commodities produced illegally or in deforested areas, enhanced Indigenous land protection, and international cooperation to mitigate deforestation and promote sustainable land use. Immediate action is necessary to prevent irreversible ecological and climatic tipping points.Funding Agencies|This paper is part of the "100 papers to accelerate climate change mitigation and adaptation " initiative led by the International Climate Change Information and Research Programme.; International Climate Change Information and Research Programme (ICCIRP)</p
Engineered high endurance in WO3-based resistive switching devices via a guided filament approach
No full textResistive switching devices are promising candidates for the next generation of nonvolatile memory and neuromorphic computing applications. Despite the advantages in retention and on/off ratio, filamentary-based memristors still suffer from challenges, particularly endurance (flash being a benchmark system showing 104 to 106 cycles) and uniformity. Here, we use WO(3)as a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor-compatible switching oxide and demonstrate a proof-of-concept materials design approach to enhance endurance and device-to-device uniformity in WO3-based memristive devices while preserving other performance metrics. These devices show stable resistive switching behavior with &gt;106 cycles, &gt;105-second retention, &gt;10 on/off ratio, and good device-to-device uniformity, without using current compliance. All these metrics are achieved using a one-step pulsed laser deposition process to create self-assembled nanocomposite thin films that have regular guided filaments of approximate to 100-nanometer pitch, preformed between WO(3)grains and interspersed smaller Ce2O3 grains.Funding Agencies|Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging Technologies grant [CIET1819\24]; ERC grant EU-H2020-ERC-ADG [882929]; Wolfson Electron Microscopy Suite; Thermo Fisher Spectra 300 TEM - EPSRC [EP/R008779/1]; US National Science Foundation [DMREF-2323752]; Krishnan-Ang Studentship at Trinity College Cambridge; Swedish Research Council (VR) [2021-00357]</p