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Macroeconomic Forecasts for China in 2020—2021
No full text吴华坤，中国人民银行厦门中心支行工作人员，经济学博士；龚敏,厦门大学宏观经济研究中心教授;王燕武，厦门大学宏观经济研究中心副教授;林致远，厦门大学宏观经济研究中心教授。【中文摘要】2020年初,新冠肺炎病毒（Ccvid-19)的爆发短期内给中国经济运行带来较大的挑战。应用中国季度宏观经济模型（CQMM)，在对未来两年共八个季度中国宏观经济主要指标进行预测的同时，可对2020年对冲疫情冲击所需的不同力度的宏观政策组合效应进行模拟分析。结果表明：(1)在乐观、保守和悲观情景下,2020年中国GDP增速预计将分别下滑至5.09%、4.59% 和3.18% ; (2)为实现两个“翻一番”目标、确保全面建成小康社会目标的实现（即2020年GDP增速要达到5.62% ) ,2020年需加大宏观政策的对冲力度:在乐观情景下可通过推进LPR改革，使市场利率下降20—60个基点，配合财政支出增速从2019年的8.2%提高至15.3%左右，其他情景下 政策力度还需进一步加大。面对经济增速下降，相关部门要在2020年一季度出台各项应对疫情冲击的短期政策的基础上，进一步加大逆周期调节政策对冲力度，以确保在推进经济结构调整的同时稳定经济增长。
【Abstract】 The outbreak of the new coronavirus Covid-19 at the beginning of 2020 will pose a greater challenge to the short-term operation of the Chinese economy. Using the China Quarterly Macroeconomic Model ( CQMM)，this article fore¬casts the main indicators of China's macro - economy in the next two years under the impact of the current epidemic. It also explores the ways of stabilizing economic growth and ensuring the realization of the goal of building a well - off society through a combination of monetary and fiscal policies. This is the 28th forecast made by Xiamen University's research team on China's macro - economy. The results show that ：(1) in the optimistic，conservative and pessimistic scenarios，China's GDP growth rate is expected to decline to 5.09%，4.59% and 3.18% in 2020，respectively; and (2) in the optimistic scenario，to ensure the realization of the goal of building a well - off society (requiring a GDP growth rate of 5.62% in 2020)，the market interest rate can be reduced by 20 to 60 basis points by advancing the LPR reform while the growth rate of fiscal expenditure should increase from 8.2% in 2019 to about 15.3% (about 1.8 trillion yuan exceeding in expenditure ).Therefore，the research team recommends that in 2020，in the face of declining economic growth，based on the various short-term policies to deal with the impact of the epidemic in the first quarter，the scale of counter-cyclical adjustment policy should be expanded to ensure the adjustment of the economic structure and the stability of economic growth.教育部重点研究基地重大项目“中国季度宏观经济模型（CQMM)的再拓展”（17JJD790014);教育部重点研究基地重大项目“深化财税体制改革与促进中国经济平稳增长”（18JJD790007);教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目“供给侧结构改革的理论基础与政策思路研究”（16JZD016
Research Progresses in Ni-Co-Mn/Al Ternary Concentration Gradient Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries
No full text高镍三元正极材料由于高容量和高工作电压被认为是下一代锂离子电池有力的候选者，然而循环稳定性和热稳定性不佳限制了其广泛应用. 镍钴锰/铝三元浓度梯度正极材料的梯度设计可以在保证高容量的同时兼具优良的循环稳定性，因而在过去十年中得到了广泛研究. 本文综述了锂离子电池镍钴锰/铝三元浓度梯度材料最新的研究进展，论文首先总结了梯度材料的不同合成方法，并阐述了核壳浓度梯度材料和全浓度梯度材料的研究方向. 其次，介绍了浓度梯度材料的结构表征手段并揭示性能改善的原因. 最后讨论了目前该材料产业化的难点，并提出了可能的解决方案.Nickel-rich ternary materials with large reversible capacity as well as high operating voltage are considered as the most promising candidate for next generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the inferior cycle stability and thermal stability have limited their widely commercial applications. Concentration gradient design of Ni-Co-Mn/Al ternary concentration gradient materials have been extensively studied in the past decade, which can ensure high cycle capacity while maintaining excellent cycle stability. In this paper, the latest research progresses in Ni-Co-Mn/Al ternary concentration gradient materials for LIBs are reviewed. Firstly, we summarize the different synthesis methods of ternary concentration-gradient materials, especially focusing on the research directions towards core-shell concentration gradient (CSCG) materials and full concentration gradient (FCG) ternary materials. In addition, this review also introduces the structural characterizations for concentration gradient ternary materials and reveals the reasons for their performance improvements. Finally, we discuss the current challenges of CSCG and FCG materials in the industrialization and display possible solutions to address them.福建省高校产学研重点资助项目（No. 2018H6020）和福建省科技重大专项/专题（No. 2014HZ0002-1）资助作者联系地址：1. 厦门大学能源学院， 福建 厦门 361005； 2. 固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，能源材料化学协同创新中心， 厦门大学化学化工学院， 福建 厦门 361005Author's Address: 1. College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Energy Materials Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]
History,Law and Evidence Science:In the Case of Changes in Research on the History of Qi Shan
No full text仲伟民，清华大学历史系教授、博士生导师；郝鑫，清华大学历史系博士研究生。【中文摘要】学者一般多认为历史学、法学在本质上是证据科学,这似乎是一种无须证明的朴素认知。然而就历史学而言，自从古代“成一家之言”及“鉴戒史学”的史学传统,直至近现代历史学家 对历史认识及历史叙事的理论反思，都不同程度说明了历史学与证据科学之间的界限泾渭分明。历史学界对琦善的讨论变迁过程，即是反驳历史学是证据科学传统认识的有力例证。法学对自身学科的理论省思，也有着语言学的转向，比如哈特“开放结构”的论述就为自由裁量权提供了理论支持。从学科理论与性质来说，法学与历史学都是要将自己的理解和解释贯穿到已掌握的文本或其他证据中，并以此讲述一个完整的故事。在两门学科的实践与操作层面中，史料与证据的留存选择也都是当事人理解和挑选的结果，而且都是依赖史料、证据这种“间接的故事”来发现问题并进行分析概括，在此基础上形成自己的一套理解与叙事逻辑。因此，无论是历史学还是法学，都不宜称为绝对意义上的证据科学。
【Abstract】History and law are commonly perceived as evidence science within their respective scopes.However，since the time when Sima Qian said that the ultimate ideal goal of historians was to “create a philosophy of their own”，the theory of historiography has been steadily advanced by Chinese and overseas historians. This theory involves the understanding of the historical materials and the importance of the narrative factor of history writing. Changes in research on Qi Shan provide a potent example of refuting the traditional understanding that history is evidence science. The theoretical reflections of law on their own discipline have also experienced a linguistic turn，and researchers have begun to pay more attention to the description and narrative of society in the legal sense. From the perspective of the theory and nature of law and history，these two subjects are both aiming to apply their own understandings and interpretations to the selected texts or other evidence to tell a single coherent story. At the level of practice and operation of the two disciplines，historical materials and evidence are artificially selected through analysis and summarization. These two subjects both rely on these “indirect stories” to find facts. On this basis，they eventually present their own sets of understanding and narrative logic. Neither history nor law should be called as evidence science in the absolute sense
Across History and Law:Two Types of Past Facts and Fact-Finding
No full text满运龙，北京大学国际法学院教授，历史学博士（Ph.D.)、法律博士（J.D.)；鲁梦璇，中国政法大学证据科学研究院硕士研究生。【中文摘要】历史研究与司法审判作为两种不同的人类活动,在对既往事实的认定方式上存在共性与差异。二者基于对认知既往事实的共同需求,都有意或无意的在各自领域进行着“证据—推论”的理性推理。但同时历史学者和司法实践者在事实认定过程中受到不同的身份、时间、事实范围、证明规则等因素制约，对既往事实的认定模式和具体操作过程有较大区别。对两类既往事实进行界定,可在司法事实认定的现有模式之上，提出改进的“证据—推论”事实认定推理模式,使其不但适用于按照严格法定规则进行事实认定的司法程序，也同样适用于基本进行自然推理的历史研究。通过对历史研究与司法审判的事实认定模式进行比较研究，能够了解并综合二者的优点，从而优化各自的事实认定方法，促进双方学术发展。
【Abstract】As two different human activities，historical research and judicial trial have similarities and differences in the way of ascertaining past facts. Based on the common need to find out what happened in the past，both disciplines have either implicitly or explicitly utilized the “Evidence-Inference Reasoning” (EIR) process in their respective fields. At the same time，in performing fact-finding，historical scholars and judicial practitioners are subject to different restrictions in terms of status of fact-finder，limitations of time，scope of facts to be ascertained，rules of proof and other factors，resulting in considerable differences in the mode of fact-finding at the operational level in seeking truth from the past.Building on the identification of two types of past facts，this article proposes an improved analytical EIR model on the basis of the existing rational reasoning process for judicial fact-finding. It argues that the improved EIR model is applicable to not only judicial process of fact-finding in strict accordance with statutory rules，but also historical fact-finding generally pursuant to historians' national reasoning. Through the comparative study of historical research and judicial trial，we can achieve a better understanding and integration of the advantages of the disciplines so as to improve and optimize their respective approach to fact-finding and promote the advancement of both disciplines
Thoughts on Applied Chinese National Theory (Guoxue)
No full text詹石窗，四川大学文科杰出教授（终身教授）、道教与宗教文化研究所教授,哲学博士。【中文摘要】1992年以来，报刊发表了大量关于“国学”探讨的论文。从中可以看到学者们积极讨论“国学原典”如何在现时代发挥作用，这就对“应用国学”的学科建设提出了客观需求。“应用国学”不仅是一个状态概念,更是一个实践概念。它既是针对“当下问题”的一种文化诠释学，也是“大生命”理念的高扬；作为生命教育不可缺少的心灵陶冶工程与文化实践工程,“应用国学”是文化主体意识的一种传承与发挥，也体现了“与时偕行”精神的持续贯彻。
【Abstract】Since 1992，a large number of scholarly papers exploring “Chinese national theory”，( Guoxue) have been published. Apparently，this shows that scholars are actively engaged in discussions on how “Chinese national classics” play their role in the contemporary era，which in turn leads to an objective need for establishing the discipline of “applied Chinese national theory”. “Applied Chinese national theory” is not only a conception of state and process，but also a conception of practice. It is a form of cultural hermeneutics for “the current issues” and is an advocate for the concept of “universal life”. As an indispensable spiritual cultivation project and cultural practice project for life education，“applied Chinese national theory ” is an approach of inheriting and enhancing the sense of cultural identity and is a reflection of the consistent adherence to the spirit of “advancing with the times”.贵州省2017年度哲学社会科学规划“国学”单列课题重大项目“平安道研究——易学与儒道平安思想及其社会治理价值” (17GZGX09
A Study on News Coverage and Public Participation of Circular Economy in Confronting NiMBY
No full text孙蕾，厦门大学新闻传播学院副教授,哲学博士。【中文摘要】具有邻避属性的城市废弃物处理设施和循环工业处理设施的选址落地，已经频繁引发社会冲突。政府权威话语如何与公众进行沟通以使其理解循环经济的意义,从而使循环经济项目平稳落地，是十分重要的研究课题。通过内容分析法、访谈法、实地调査法研究可以发现，当前的新闻报道存在如下问题:专业主义松懈及公众形象缺位;科普信息很少并且科学家作为信源缺 位;循环经济何以与公众有关,以及循环经济链条中的公众角色如何等问题很少涉及;政策传达主要面向企业，缺乏对公众利益的解读；回避了包括具有邻避属性项目在内的循环经济项目可能因监管或违规引发的风险。此外，公众参与信息渠道存在信息不足和信息公开的悖论，参与流于形式。这些发现，应为政府推动有序公民参与风险决策提供依据。
【Abstract】In China，the circular economy is promoted by the national government as a pathway to ecological modernization. The circular economy as a policy is to solve the zero -sum dilemma between the economy and ecology. However， previous studies have drawn our attention to the low public awareness of its meaning and relevance，and the recent “Not In My Back Yard” (NIMBY) resistance has happened to some circular economy projects. Therefore，it is imperative to find out how the Chinese government is communicating the circular economy to the public.Based on content analysis，in-depth interviews and fieldworks at the sites of two incinerators，we study how the government and its media publicize the circular economy as a policy and how the government communicates with public about its value，its relevance to daily life，and the possible risks that people may involve，as well as the accessible ways for civic engagement.教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“环境邻避事件中传播主体的风险认知与沟通研究” (15YJC860026)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“环境邻避运动中垃圾焚烧发电项目的公众风险沟通"（20720151170
Structure-Activity Relationship Study Enables the Discovery of a Novel Berberine Analogue as RXRα Activator to Inhibit Colon Cancer
Get PDF黄连素是从黄连、黄柏等传统中药中提取的单体化合物，常用于治疗痢疾及其它消化道感染。近年来，黄连素的抗心律失常、调控能量代谢、降血糖血脂和抗癌等多重功效使其成为一个“明星”中药单体化合物。尽管黄连素具有很好的安全性，但其抗癌作用在临床应用上仍具有许多局限性，包括抗癌活性低、溶解度和生物利用度低等。然而，由于黄连素的分子靶点不清楚，以往对黄连素的改造比较盲目和随机，并未取得较好的进展。胡天惠团队与张延东团队紧密合作、优势互补，针对黄连素与RXR的结合模式，运用结构生物学方法和全合成相结合，设计合成了多种黄连素衍生物，并开展了构效关系分析。发现黄连素衍生物B-12在结合并激活RXR、抗肠癌活性、溶解度和生物利用度方面均明显优于黄连素，且保留了黄连素的肿瘤选择性和低毒副作用，具有很好的临床转化前景。该研究也为结构生物学指导黄连素衍生物药物设计提供了理论基础。本论文的通讯作者为医学院占艳艳副教授、张延东教授和胡天惠教授。医学院博士生徐贝贝和化学化工学院博士生江训金为共同第一作者。We reported recently that berberine, a traditional oriental medicine to treat
gastroenteritis, binds and activates Retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) to suppress the growth of colon
cancer cells. Here, we extended our studies based on the binding mode of berberine with RXRα
by design, synthesis and biological evaluation of a focused library of 15 novel berberine analogues.
Among them, 3,9-dimethoxy-5,6-dihydroisoquinolino[3,2-a]isoquinolin-7-ium chloride (B-12)
was identified as the optimal RXRα activator. More efficiently than berberine, B-12 bound and
altered the conformation of RXRα/LBD, thereby suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathway and colon
cancer cell growth via RXRα mediation. In addition, B-12 not only preserved berberine’s tumor
selectivity but also greatly improved its bioavailability. Remarkably, in mice, B-12 did not show
obvious side effects including hypertriglyceridemia as other RXRα agonists, or induce hepatorenal
toxicity. Together, our study describes an approach for the rational design of berberine-derived
RXRα activators as novel effective antineoplastic agents for colon cancer.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31770860,
21772164, 81572589, 81602560 and 21572187), and the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian
Province (2018R1036-2, 2017J06020, 2019R1001-4, and 2019R1001-5). 项目得到了国家自然科学基金委促进海峡两岸科技合作联合基金重点项目、面上项目和福建省自然科学基金的支持
An Investigation of the Communications between Zhao Fengchang and Sun Yat-sen
No full text李志茗，上海社会科学院历史研究所研究员，历史学博士。【中文摘要】孙中山是公认的中华民国的缔造者,赵凤昌被时人称为“民国产婆”都可谓共和建国功臣。正因为此,人们普遍认为民初大局与他们之间的频繁往来、密商大计休戚相关。根据已知的、公开的资料,他们的确有过接触,但并没有那么密切。然而，民初的新旧递嬗不是用铁和血铸成的，很大程度上是幕后调停斡旋的结果，而幕后的讨价还价和交易本为机密，知者甚少,若无记录及当事人回忆，很难获知详情。孙中山与赵凤昌原有认识的机会，但却错失了,直至辛亥时期才首次相见相识。除公开的接触外,他们有私下密商革命大计的可能,但具体情形如何，则有待新材料的发现。对于未置身他们密谈现场的相关记述，尽管言之凿凿，也不可轻信,要加以考证，谨慎采用。
【Abstract】 Sun Yat-sen is recognized as the founder of the Republic of China，while Zhao fengchang is dubbed the “midwife of the Republic of China”. Therefore，it is generally believed that the overall situation in the early Republic of China was closely related to their frequent communications and secret strategizing. According to publicly available information， they indeed got into touch with each other，though they apparently did not maintain close contact. However，the transformation in the early years of the Republic of China was not the result of blood，sweat and tears，but the outcome of behind -the-scenes mediation. The behind-the-scenes deals were well-guarded secrets unknown to the general public. Without records and memoirs，it would be impossible to know the details. Sun Yat-sen and Zhao Fengchang did not meet each other for the first time until the Xinhai Period though there had been opportunities for them to get to know each other earlier. Apart from their public contact，they might have privately held secret talks to discuss revolution plans，but the specific circumstances would remain unknown until the discovery of new historic records. The existing accounts of their secret talks provided by people who were not present at the scene are not to be trusted in their entirely ； rather，they should be examined critically and used with caution
2020图书馆系统市场报告：整合中的新机遇
Get PDF美国图书馆专家Marshall Breeding根据其2019年度图书馆技术公司调查报告的和市场公开信息，撰写了图书馆行业技术产品市场报告。报告从行业市场动态、业绩表现、公司发展、开源产品和各类型图书馆市场分析等方面，详细说明各公司的产品动态和发展趋势。报告对我国图书馆界了解图书馆技术行业发展趋势、国外各厂商主要产品信息等具有参考价值
2020 ACRL 学术图书馆发展趋势报告
No full text英文版原文报告地址:https://crln.acrl.org/index.php/crlnews/article/view/24478/32315本文总结了近两年来学术图书馆界的热门话题。这些热门话题为读者提供了新的关注点或是对已知内容的跟进。 研究的总基调仍是继续强调我们图书馆正在推动、管理和引导的重大变革