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The Emergence of Labor and Peasants and the Establishment of the Leadership of the Communist Party of China
No full text冯莉，上海社会科学院中国马克思主义研究所研究员、博士生导师，法学博士。【中文摘要】从人民群众的视角审视中国近代史可以发现，“劳工”“劳农”阶级意识的觉醒是中国共产党领导中国近代社会革命的重要基础或前提。这个过程伴随着半殖民地半封建国家的现代转型和在中国共产党领导下走社会主义道路的历史转向。和西方“国家-社会”互相对立的二分法范式不同，中国在近代社会转型中形成的是以政党为核心的“政党-国家-社会”互相配合的一体式范式,是世界政治现代化模式的中国版本。而正是劳动阶级的出现及其与中国共产党领导权相结合逐渐形成政党中心主义的国家组织化模式。这种模式的确立是近代半殖民地半封建国家人民致力于国家和民族独立、突破资本主义世界体系的拘囿，及中国民本主义政治传统转型的内在驱动的结果，也是马克思主义与中国具体国情结合的结果,是中国最终走社会主义道路的历史必然。
【Abstract】From the perspective of the masses，we can find that the awakening of the class consciousness of " labor" and " labor peasant" is an important basis or premise for the CPC to lead the social revolution in modern China. This process is accompanied by the modern transformation of semi - colonial and semi - feudal countries and the historical trend of taking the socialist road under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. This is different from the dichotomy paradigm of " state - society" in the West. In the modern social transformation，China formed an integrated paradigm of "party -state - society" with the party as the core，which is the Chinese version of the world political modernization model. It is the emergence of the working class and its combination with the leadership of the Communist Party of China that has gradually formed the state organization mode of Party centrism. The establishment of this model is the result of the peoples commitment to national and national independence in modern semi colonial and semi feudal countries， breaking through the constraints of the capitalist world system，and the internal driving force of the transformation of Chinese people - oriented political tradition. It is also the result of the combination of Marxism and Chinas specific national conditions，and the historical necessity of Chinas final socialist road.上海市委宣传部定向委托项目“‘劳工’与‘劳农’概念的产生以及对中国共产党的影响研究
Storage Performance and Mechanism of MoSe2 Nanospheres in Lithium and Magnesium Ion Batteries
No full text二硒化钼是一种二维过渡金属硫族化合物材料,凭借其具有较快的离子迁移率、较弱的范德华力的层状结构,在锂离子电池的应用研究中吸引了广泛的关注。同时在镁离子电池应用中表现出潜在的研究前景。然而,有关二硒化钼在锂离子电池中的报道多集中在如何提高储锂性能上,对其离子存储机理缺乏深入研究。此外,在储镁性能和机理上均没有报道。本项工作通过湿化学和高温煅烧两步法合成了二硒化钼纳米球,当二硒化钼纳米球用作锂离子电池负极材料时,在5 A·g-1的电流密度下展示了高于100 mAh·g-1的优异高倍率容量;同时,作为镁离子电池正极材料时,在20 mA·g-1的电流密度下表现出了120 mAh·g-1的高储镁可逆容量。另外,通过电化学、原位和非原位X射线衍射表征技术,分别揭示了二硒化钼纳米球低平台发生的转化式和高平台发生的类锂硒电池反应并存的储锂机理,以及赝电容式为主,嵌入式为辅的储镁机理。本项工作不仅为二维过渡金属硫族化合物材料的储锂机理提供了深刻的理解,同时也为新型层状储能材料的设计开发提供了方向。Molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) is a two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) material, attracting wide attention in lithium ion battery (LIB) and exhibiting great potential in next-generation magnesium ion battery (MIB) due to its unique layered structure with fast ion mobility and weak van der Waals interlayer interaction. However, the reported literatures related to MoSe2 mainly focus on the enhancement of performance in LIB without deep storage mechanisms investigations. Meanwhile,the magnesium storage capacity and mechanisms have not been explored. In this work, MoSe2 nanospheres were synthesized via wet chemical route and followed by annealing treatment. When used as the anode and cathode materials, the MoSe2 nanospheres exhibited the excellent high-rate capacity of > 100 mAh·g-1 at 5 A·g-1 for LIB and the excellent reversible discharge capacity of 120 mAh·g-1 at 20 mA·g-1 for MIB, respectively. Furthermore, the conversion-type at low plateau and the lithium-selenium battery reaction-type at high plateau of Li+ storage mechanisms, as well as the pseudocapacitive reaction as the main and intercalation-type reaction as the supplement storage mechanisms of Mg2+ are discussed by electrochemical, in situ and ex situ X-ray diffraction characterizations. This work not only provides the deep understanding of lithium storage mechanism, but also demonstrates the good magnesium storage potential of TMD materials.通讯作者:彭依E-mail:[email protected]:YiPengE-mail:[email protected].中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所,安徽 合肥 2300882.中国科学技术大学管理学院,安徽 合肥 2300263.武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北 武汉 4300701. No.38 Research Institute, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Hefei 230088, Anhui, China2. School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Chin
The Scientific Path of Marxist Theoretical Practice:Based on the Study of Das Kapital and its Manuscripts
No full text唐瑭，厦门大学人文学院哲学系副教授,法学博士。【中文摘要】对于马克思主义经典著作《资本论》,以康德哲学为基础的政治哲学解读者将其视为一部对资本主义进行外在道德批判的著作，以斯密-黑格尔劳动观为基础的理论参与派试图将政治经济学批判与个人实践相结合。他们的论证焦点在于如何理解马克思主义理论实践。马克思主义理论实践既不是价值批判，也不是社会批判。马克思主义理论实践的规范基础不是自我决定的，它的现实基础也不是永恒不变的。从历史发生学的角度，通过对非历史性的物化意识的批判，马克思主义理论实践将历史认识与历史实践统一起来。澄清马克思主义理论实践的科学路径，有助于进一步推动当代中国的马克思主义理论实践。
【Abstract】As for the Marxist classic Das Kapital，the interpreter of political philosophy based on Kantian philosophy regards it as a work of external moral criticism of capitalism，while the participators of theory based on the labor view of Smith and Hegel try to combine the criticism of political economy with personal practice. Their argumentation focuses on how to understand the Marxist theoretical practice. Marxist theoretical practice is neither value criticism nor social criticism.The normative basis of Marxist theoretical practice is not self-determined，nor is its realistic basis eternal.From the perspective of historical genesis，Marxist theoretical practice unites historical epistemology with historical practice by criticizing non-historical materialization consciousness. Clarifying the scientific path of Marxist theoretical practice is helpful to further promote the theoretical practice of Marxism in contemporary China.教育部社会科学青年基金项目“政治哲学视野下的《资本论》及其手稿研究”（17YJC720024
Anti-corruption Campaign,Social Capital and Corporate Violations:A Quasi-Natural Extural Experiment Based on New Anti-Corruption Campaign in China
No full text吴世农，厦门大学管理学院教授、博士生导师，经济学博士；陈韫妍,厦门大学管理学院博士研究生；王建勇，厦门国家会计学院讲师，管理学博士；许尔靖，厦门大学管理学院硕士研究生。【中文摘要】近年来，我国上市公司违规问题频发。研究非正式制度,特别是社会资本对公司违规的影响及作用机制十分重要。借助十八大强化反腐倡廉运动作为外生冲击,可考察比较十八大前后社会资本对公司违规作用机制的变化。研究发现:第一,社会资本越高的地区,公司违规发生的概率越低，且DID检验发现，在十八大后,高社会资本地区公司违规概率下降幅度显著高于低社会资本地区的公司，这种差异持续三年才消失;第二，在十八大前，“吸引机构投资”是社会资本降低公司违规发生概率的中介路径，但此后，“抑制腐败”和“缓解融资约束”成为社会资本降低公司违规发生概率的中介路径。可见，加强社会资本建设和坚持反腐倡廉,可有效抑制公司违规行为。
【Abstract】Based on an analysis of the relationship between social capital and corporate violations，this paper studies the mediating mechanism of social capital on corporate violations. Taking the anti - corruption campaign of the 18th CPC National Congress as an exogenous impact，this paper compares the changes of the mechanism of social capital on corporate violations before and after the anti-corruption campaign was strengthened. We find that： Firstly，the higher the social capital ，the lower the probability of corporate violation. The difference-in-difference model also shows that after the anti-corruption campaign was launched，the probability of corporate violations in areas with higher social capital declines more than that in areas with lower social capital，and this difference continues for three years before disappearing. Secondly，before the anti-corruption campaign，“attracting institutional investment” was the mediating path for social capital to reduce the
probability of corporate violations，but after that，“suppressing corruption” and “alleviating financing constraints” turned out to be the new mediating paths.国家自然科学基金重大项目“中国制度和文化背景下公司财务政策的理论与实践研究”(71790601)；国家自然科学基金重点项目“金融政策对企业投融资行为的影响研究”（71532012
Exploring the Historical Formation of The Shadow of Harbin by Zheng Boqi
No full text杨慧，南开大学文学院教授,文学博士。【中文摘要】郑伯奇1940年问世的《哈尔滨的暗影》是一个长期没有得到学界关注的重要文本，这部取材于震惊中外的1933年哈尔滨西蒙•卡斯普绑架案的四幕话剧,与章泯的独幕剧《痛打日本鬼》、阳翰玺的电影剧本《日本间谍》、林适存的四幕话剧《日本的间谍》和顾佛影的《二十鞭杂剧》一道，枸成了一个以Amleto.Vespa(万斯白）的Secret Agent of Japan(《日本密探》）中译本为史源的“东北”叙事谱系。回溯和重建这一史源生成流变的过程与语境，可见借由该书的翻译、出版、发行和评论，一众左翼知识分子和爱国进步人士在抗战后方形成了一个有关“东北”的知识和思想 域。这不仅为抗战文艺提供了宝贵而鲜活的题材，更是拓展了其世界反法西斯主义的视野。作为同源“东北”叙事谱系中最具“原创性”的文本，《哈尔滨的暗影》挪用和改写万斯白著作的脉络与策略有待深入探讨。
【Abstract】The Shadow of Harbin，published by Zheng Boqi in 1940，is an important text which has，for a long time， received inadequate attention in academic circles. The Shadoo of Harbin was a four-act play based on a real event， “the Kidnapping of Simon Casper” in Harbin，which that shocked the world in 1933. This play， together with Zhang Min's one-act play Beat the Japanese，Yang Hansheng's screenplay Japanese Spy，Lin Shicun's four-act play The Spy of Japan， and Gu Foying's Twenty Whips， constituted a series of northeast narrative，which were influenced，to varying degrees ，by the Chinese translation of Amleto Vespa's Secret Agent of Japan. By exploring the translation，publication and distribution of Secret Agent of Japan，as well as the historical context of the comments on this book，it can be found that the knowledge and narrative about the “northeast” has gradually formed among left-wing intellectuals and patriotic and progressive people，which not only provided the valuable and vivid theme for Anti-Japanese War literature，but also expanded the perspective of world anti-fascism literature. In addition，these Chinese texts’ appropriating and rewriting of Secret Agent of Japan simultaneously began to focus on the unique position of northeast China in the Anti-Japanese War. Furthermore，it is worthwhile to further explore the relationship between Zheng Boqi's The Shadow of Harbin and the Chinese translation of Secret Agent of Japan.国家社会科学基金重大项目“二十世纪东亚抗日叙事文献整理与研究”（15ZDB090);深圳社会科学规划项目“关内‘东北’叙事与中国现代民族国家的建构（1912—1945) ” (SZ2021B034
Beyond the “Tang and Song Transformation Theories”With a Discussion of Some Defects in the Current Research on Ancient Chinese History
No full text成一农，云南大学历史与档案学院研究员、博士生导师，历史学博士。【中文摘要】虽然近十多年来以“唐宋变革论”为代表的各种“变革论”受到了各种质疑,但是这些质疑基本限于“变革论”的框架之内，并未指出“变革论”的真正的问题。大致而言,研究者需要意识到，“变革论”只是一种具有强烈主观性的历史认知，而不是既定的历史事实，因此讨论“变革论”是否成立并无太大的意义,更应当讨论的是隐藏在“变革论”背后的对人类历史进程的认知，由此才能深化对历史、历史学及其意义的思考。要做到这一点,需要强化对理论的讨论以及其他学科方法的了解，弱化对史料的依赖，由此中国学者才能成为历史研究的“设计师”而不是“工匠”。
【Abstract】Although various “transformation theories”，as typified by the “Tang and Song transformation theories”， have been questioned in the past decade，the questions are basically limited to the framework of “transformation theories” and do not point out the real problems in the “transformation theories”. In general，researchers should recognize that the “transformation theories” are only strongly subjective historical perceptions rather than established historical facts； therefore ，it is not very meaningful to discuss whether these “transformation theories” are valid or not. It is more important to discuss the cognition of human historical process that lies behind these “transformation theories”，so that we can deepen our thinking about history，historiography and their meaning. To this end，we need to strengthen theoretical discussions，
understand other disciplines’ methods，and weaken our reliance on historical sources，so that Chinese scholars can become “designers” rather than “craftsmen” of historical research.国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国国家图书馆所藏中文古地图的整理与研究”（16ZDA117
On the Construction of a Taiwan-related Public Policy System from the Perspective of National Governance
No full text刘国深，两岸关系和平发展协同创新中心主任，厦门大学台湾研究中心/台湾研究院教授、博士生导师；郭伟展，两岸关系和平发展协同创新中心、厦门大学台湾研究院博士研究生。【中文摘要】涉台公共政策体系是由大陆单边主导推进的，以台湾同胞为政策受众的政策体系，在经济、社会等领域逐渐落实台湾同胞同等待遇，使其有效融入大陆国家和社会治理体系。涉台公共政策体系的实质是国家涉台治理体系，是国家治理体系的特殊子系统。它与国家治理现代化有着密切的内在逻辑关联，有利于实现深化两岸融合发展、落实国家统一与推进国家治理现代化的高度有机结合。构建涉台公共政策体系，应在国家治理现代化的框架中进行，着力增强国家涉台治理体系的回应性、开放性与包容性,优化落实统一过程中社会公共资源的供给与配置，促进社会公共利益在两岸人民之间的最大化。
【Abstract】The Taiwan-related public policy system is promoted singlehandedly by the Chinese Mainland with Taiwan compatriots as the audience ； it is aimed at gradually implementing equal treatment for Taiwan compatriots in economic and social spheres，so as to effectively integrate them into the Chinese Mainlands national and social governance systems. The essence of the Taiwan-related public policy system is the national Taiwan-related governance system，which is a special subsystem of the national governance system. It is closely，intrinsically and logically related to the modernization of national governance，and it is conducive to achieving a highly organic combination of deepening cross-Strait integration and development， implementing national reunification and promoting the modernization of national governance. The construction of a Taiwan-related public policy system should be carried out within the framework of the modernization of national governance ，focusing on enhancing the responsiveness，openness and inclusiveness of the Taiwan-related national governance system ，optimizing the supply and allocation of social public resources in the process of achieving reunification，and promoting the maximization of social public interests across the Taiwan Strait.中宣部文化名家暨“四个一批”资助项目“海峡两岸系统桥接研究
The Politico-philosophical Examination on “Algorithmic Rationality”
No full text孙国东，复旦大学社会科学高等研究院教授，国际关系与公共事务学院博士生导师，法学博士。【中文摘要】“算法理性”之所以可以成为一种“后人类时代”新的理性形式,根源于人类理性能力和理性意志的内在有限性。“算法理性”的出现,至少使理性的运用带来两个变化：它使理性的运用主体不再是人,而变成了类人的人工智能；它使理性运用越来越具有相对固定和封闭的边界。从学理上看，前者导致了理性运用的“去人化”从而导致人的客体化；后者导致了理性运用的“封建化”从而成为“公司统治”的帮凶。要使“算法理性”最终服务于人类福祉，有赖于政府、市场和(市民）社会三者之间的相互约束、功能互补。
【Abstract】The reason why “algorithmic rationality” has become a new form of rationality in the “post - human era” is rooted in the inherent limitations of the ability and will of human reason. The emergence of algorithmic rationality has led to the “dehumanization” of use of reason，which，in turn，has resulted in the objectification of humans. In addition，it has led to the “feudalization”of use of reason，and thus has become an accomplice of the “rule of corporations”. The ability of algorithm to rationally serve the wellbeing of mankind depends on the mutual constraints and complementary functions among the government，the market and (civil) society.复旦大学社会科学高等研究院2019年度主题项目“大数据与社会科学发展
Mega Data and Reforms in the Ways of Cognition, Thinking and Decision-making
No full text顾肃，南京大学哲学系教授、博士生导师。【中文摘要】大数据的发展促进了人类认知思维方式的变革，主要表现在追求全样本、接纳混乱性和多样性、追求相关关系的特征。大数据选择的不是随机样本,而是全体数据，从整体上把握对象,着重点不再是精确性，而是混杂性和多样性。大数据促进了从因果思维向相关性思维转变，不再立足于寻求比较简单的因果关系，而是把握复杂的相关性。大数据也正在促进社会各方决策和治理的革新。利用大数据分析技术，可以使政府及社会各方面的治理快速获得有价值的信息，及时发现问题，纠正运作中出现的偏差，提高社会决策和治理的能力。在了解社会舆情、安全预警、地理定位导航、个性化教育、有针对性的产品销售等方面,大数据均表现出明显的优势。
【Abstract】The development of mega data promotes reforms in the ways of human cognition and thinking，which is mainly manifested in seeking total samples，accepting chaos and diversity，and pursuing the characteristics of related relationships. Mega data choses not random samples but total data，and grasps the objects in a holistic manner，with its emphasis no longer placed on accuracy，but on miscellany and diversity. Mega data facilitates a change in the way of thinking from causality to relevancy. It also facilitates reforms in social decision-making and governance. By using the analytic techniques of mega data，the government and all segments of society can quickly receive valuable information for management， identify problems in time， and correct errors in operations，thereby raising their abilities in public decision and social governance. Mega data has demonstrated its strength in understanding public sentiment，early warnings in security，GPS navigation ，individualized education，and targeted marketing