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ECU-PMU-FDI/TSA
No full textCyberattacks are now targeting the electrical grid due to its inclusion of smart devices, e.g., smart meters, phasor measurement units. The need to understand and review the impacts of attacks is vital. ECU-PMU-FDI/TSA encompasses communications between a phasor measurement unit and a phasor data concentrator, using the IEEE C37.118 protocol. Benign traffic was captured as control, and for attacks false data injection and time synchronization attack traffic were captured
Exploring employee and manager experiences of supervision in the Australian financial services industry
No full textThis thesis investigates how supervision is experienced and interpreted within compliance-intensive environments, focusing on the Australian financial services sector following the Royal Commission into Misconduct in the Banking, Superannuation and Financial Services Industry (2017–2019). As regulatory demands and audit cultures reshape institutional norms, supervision is increasingly inacted as a symbolic performance of institutional compliance and ethical alignment. The study suggests that oversight in this context can be understood as an emotionally saturated and interpretively unstable organisational condition, shaped by ambiguity, emotional governance, and institutional tone. The research addresses the question: How do employees and managers within the Australian financial sector perceive and enact rigorous managerial oversight and abusive supervision in the context of post–Royal Commission reforms, and what implications do these lived experiences have for their professional conduct and engagement within the sector?
This study involved 44 participants, comprising 29 employees and 15 managers from across the Australian financial services sector. Participants were recruited from diverse organisational tiers and institutions. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews, guided by the Critical Incident Technique (CIT) to elicit emotionally significant supervisory encounters. Interviews were supplemented by reflective field notes, including observations of non-verbal cues such as gesture, silence, posture, and tone. These embodied expressions informed the interpretive analysis of emotional climate and supervisory meaning making. Data were analysed thematically using a phenomenological framework, allowing for the identification of affective patterns and interpretive dissonance across participant narratives. The study was conceptually grounded in Affective Events Theory (AET), which provided a scaffold for interpreting how regulatory oversight produces sustained emotional conditions. AET helped frame both the event-based moments of affective intensity and the broader emotional atmospheres described by participants. This methodological configuration enabled the study to attend to both the explicit content of interviews and the relational dynamics in which they were embedded.
Findings reveal that supervision under compliance saturation is experienced inconsistently across cohorts. Employees often interpret oversight as emotionally ambiguous or procedurally distant, while managers describe their roles as increasingly constrained by reputational risk and institutional caution. Across both cohorts, supervision is described as affective labour, symbolic performance, and interpretive negotiation. These dynamics are compounded by identity, power asymmetry, and the emotional governance logics embedded in post-crisis reform.
The thesis makes three major contributions. First, it reconceptualises abusive supervision as a structurally induced phenomenon, shifting the focus from managerial intent to institutional design. Second, it extends AET by showing how regulatory oversight produces long-duration affective climates, thereby reframing AET as a theory of sustained emotional conditions rather than discrete events. Third, it develops a novel methodological framework for accessing emotionally regulated workplace experience, combining phenomenological analysis, critical incident elicitation, and embodied affect tracking.
This research provides a more nuanced understanding of how managerial oversight is performed, interpreted, and emotionally navigated under conditions of institutional saturation. It offers practical and theoretical insights for scholars, leaders, and policymakers seeking to understand the emotional costs of compliance regimes, and invites a reimagining of supervisory practice in high-accountability environments
Driving factors and spatio-temporal evolution of tourist accident clusters in Chinese outbound tourism
No full textThe clustering of tourist accidents is a critical yet underexplored area of research. This study employs cluster theory and safety system theory to develop a comprehensive measurement tool for analysing tourist accident clusters, examining their spatiotemporal evolution patterns, and identifying the driving mechanisms from a holistic destination perspective. By analysing accident records of Chinese outbound tourists across 48 countries from 2011 to 2019, the findings reveal a reduction in disparities among tourist accident clusters (α-convergence effect) and a fluctuating trend over time. Spatial autocorrelation analysis identifies four distinct spatial distribution patterns: low-low (L-L), high-low (H-L), high-high (H-H), and low-high (L-H). Furthermore, Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) analysis uncovers a nonlinear relationship between accident clusters and four primary factors: human, machine, environment, and management. Within this framework, indicators such as tourist volume pressure, traffic risk, and employee training levels emerge as significant contributors. Additionally, geographic detector analysis reveals interactions among the driving mechanisms, offering deeper insights into their interrelated effects. This study provides practical implications for destinations, tourists, and tourism practitioners, emphasising strategies to prevent and mitigate the impact of accident clusters
Unveiling the potential of generative artificial intelligence: A multidimensional journey into the future
Get PDFPurpose: The launch of ChatGPT has brought the large language model (LLM)-based generative artificial intelligence (GAI) into the spotlight, triggering the interests of various stakeholders to seize the possible opportunities implicated by it. Nevertheless, there are also challenges that the stakeholders should observe when they are considering the potential of GAI. Given this backdrop, this study presents the viewpoints gathered from various subject experts on six identified areas. Design/methodology/approach: Through an expert-based approach, this paper gathers the viewpoints of various subject experts on the identified areas of tourism and hospitality, marketing, retailing, service operations, manufacturing and healthcare. Findings: The subject experts first share an overview of the use of GAI, followed by the relevant opportunities and challenges in implementing GAI in each identified area. Afterwards, based on the opportunities and challenges, the subject experts propose several research agendas for the stakeholders to consider. Originality/value: This paper serves as a frontier in exploring the opportunities and challenges implicated by the GAI in six identified areas that this emerging technology would considerably influence. It is believed that the viewpoints offered by the subject experts would enlighten the stakeholders in the identified areas
Why do schools continue to use between-class ability grouping?
No full textAllocating students into separate classes within a school depending on their “ability” is common in many countries. This paper presents a theoretical discussion of the practice, considering why it persists despite a long history of research emphasizing consequential problems. Our discussion identifies and critiques four possible reasons that between-class ability grouping is being used in schools again today, despite research advising against the practice. These reasons are: 1) educators’ perspectives that it facilitates differentiation and assists in managing the intensification of teaching; 2) advantages for students in “high ability” and “low ability” classes; 3) cultural acceptability; and 4) historical entrenchment, with little explicit policy direction guiding its use. Our critical discussion uses the Australian educational context as a case study. The example of Australia, where we live and work, is comparatively useful for other countries with similar practices, including New Zealand, Canada, the United States, England, and more. We argue that the reasons between-class ability grouping persists are based on misconceptions or agendas that are prioritized over equity and student educational outcomes
Co-designing a children\u27s transition charter for the transition to school: Opening participatory spaces to hear children\u27s voices
Get PDFThis project sought to gather the voices of young children to investigate whether a co-development process could be used to develop a transition to school charter with children and their teachers. Children\u27s experiences of the transition to school can have far-reaching effects on their continuing educational journey. Seven teachers from the early years of school and 52 children (3–5 years) participated in the project over a school year. Participatory action research framed the study, which utilised child-centred methods for children to describe their dreams, hopes and aspirations of what school would be like and how their transition could be improved. Teachers attended 2 days of professional learning supported by the research team to learn about child-centred research methods. They were supported to use analysed data in drafting their charter to take back to children for discussion and further input. Children described four main areas that were important to them in their transition to school. These were the importance of friendships, relationships and routines; expectations of play and learning; connections to home and family; and resources that reflected a sense of belonging of children and families. In addition, child-centred group discussions assisted in shaping the final charters. The findings have implications for connecting children and families to school and creating culturally responsive learning environments, programmes and practices. This study also showed that young children are capable respondents on matters that affect them, were able to participate in the co-development of the charter and when offered opportunities to exert their agency, are effective research allies
Balancing digital presents and futures: Understanding first-time parents’ practices, plans and perceptions of ‘quality’ and risk in young children\u27s digital engagements
Get PDFParents in Australia today have to make decisions about what counts as appropriate digital media use for their young children in a cultural context characterised by conflicting advice, impractical screen use recommendations and risk-focussed media messaging. These conditions make it challenging for parents to purposefully approach and plan not only their children\u27s current digital engagements but also their futures as digital citizens. How parents negotiate these tensions in managing their young children\u27s digital presents, and how they approach planning for their digital futures, remains underexplored. This paper presents the findings of two rounds of qualitative interviews and three focus groups with 23 Australian first-time parents of children from 0 to 4 years old. It outlines parents’ hopes for and understandings of ‘quality’ digital engagements, their fears and frustrations and how parents balance children\u27s emerging capacities, social expectations of screen use restriction, and their own anxieties, in planning for their children\u27s digital futures
A cross-sectional audit of the Australian community food environment highlights the prominent role of chain food outlets
Get PDFBackground: Food retail and food service outlets can be part of a chain, or independently operated. Chain food outlets are likely to have the most influence over community food environments but have not been routinely identified in studies which map and monitor access to food, highlighting an important knowledge gap. This study aimed to identify the food retail and food service outlets present within metropolitan Perth, including presence of chain and independent food outlets; and examine differences across local governments. Methods: A nutrition-focused classification framework was applied to all food businesses registered by 32 local governments in Perth, Western Australia, in 2022. All food retail and food service outlets (n = 9069) were identified and classified as part of a chain or independently operated. Chain food outlets were further classified as major or minor. Descriptive statistics summarised access to major and minor chain food outlets within metropolitan Perth and across local governments. Results: A total of 9069 food outlets (food retail = 2908; food service = 6161) provided access to food in metropolitan Perth. Convenience stores (n = 498, 17.1%) and supermarkets (n = 441, 15.2%) were the most common food retail categories. Fast food outlets (n = 2494, 40.5%) were the most common food service category. Chains (n = 205) represented 28.5% of all food outlets present and were more prevalent in some categories (e.g., 79.6% of all supermarkets present). Across local governments the proportion of food outlets that were chains ranged from 4.9% to 43.1%. The mean density of chain food outlets was 11.62 per 10,000 population (range 2.41, 49.89). Conclusions: This study of the community food environment in an Australian capital city is the first to examine all food retail and food service outlets present and identify chains, using high quality data provided by local governments. The findings can be used to support evidence-based policies to improve population diets. Government policy which focuses on action within chain food outlets has potential to positively influence public health
A framework for understanding the influence of the lifeworld concept on small business utilisation of LinkedIn
Get PDFLinkedIn is a professional platform used as a collaborative tool by small business entrepreneurs to acquire crucial resources needed to sustain and grow their business. However, there is limited research to explain the influence of the lifeworld on entrepreneurs’ LinkedIn use. Using qualitative interviews we address this research gap. The findings reveal evidence of a developing lifeworld within LinkedIn, comprising three key components: culture, social integration, and socialisation. The core small business LinkedIn culture is endorsing and advocating for business brand within a strictly professional ethos, rejecting any deviation from this approach. Social integration is based on strategic actions to achieve the advantages sought. Socialisation aspects show that while small business entrepreneurs initially engage to promote and sell, they shift focus towards knowledge sharing and relationship building. Despite acknowledging risks, entrepreneurs prioritise maintaining their lifeworld while utilising LinkedIn’s advantages. Entrepreneurs also demonstrate altruistic behaviour through fostering relationships among users. This study highlights how evolving lifeworld dynamics can be nurtured to create value. The study lays the groundwork for further exploration of how social media is reshaping entrepreneurs’ practice and behaviour. A novel theoretical framework is introduced to better understand how lifeworld elements frame the benefits and challenges associated with LinkedIn
Effects on force, velocity, power, and muscle activation of resistances with variable inertia generated by programmable electromechanical motors during explosive chest press exercises
Get PDFStrength training machines incorporating advanced electro-mechanical technologies can produce hybrid resistances with variable inertia, such as a resistance that progressively changes from gravitational (inertial) to pneumatic (non-inertial) across the range of motion (ROM). To explore the biomechanical effects of these innovative resistances, a robotic chest press machine was programmed to offer three distinct inertial profiles: gravitational-type constant inertia throughout the ROM (IFULL); no inertia (IZERO); and linearly descending inertia across the ROM (IVAR). Ten healthy adults performed five maximal-effort, explosive chest press movements under each inertial profile at 30, 50 and 70% of their one-repetition maximum. During each trial, muscle activity of the pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and triceps brachii was recorded, along with force, velocity and power outputs from the machine. Statistical non-parametric maps based on two-way repeated measures ANOVA were used to assess the effects of load level and inertial profile on the collected time series. Higher load levels consistently led to increased force and reduced velocity and power outcomes over large parts of the ROM. Compared to IFULL, IZERO allowed for greater velocity at the expense of lower force throughout the ROM, while IVAR produced higher force and power outputs despite having lower velocity than IZERO. Additionally, both IZERO and IVAR significantly increased triceps brachii activity at the end of the ROM compared to IFULL. IVAR outperformed both IFULL and IZERO in terms of force and power. Coaches and therapists are advised to consider variable inertial profiles as a key parameter when designing exercise programs for athletes or patients