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Normalising the Implementation of Pharmacogenomic (PGx) Testing in Adult Mental Health Settings: A Theory-Based Systematic Review
Get PDFYesPharmacogenomic (PGx) testing can help personalise psychiatric prescribing and improve on the currently adopted trial-and-error prescribing approach. However, widespread implementation is yet to occur. Understanding factors influencing implementation is pertinent to the psychiatric PGx field. Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) seeks to understand the work involved during intervention implementation and is used by this review (PROSPERO: CRD42023399926) to explore factors influencing PGx implementation in psychiatry. Four databases were systematically searched for relevant records and assessed for eligibility following PRISMA guidance. The QuADS tool was applied during quality assessment of included records. Using an abductive approach to codebook thematic analysis, barrier and facilitator themes were developed using NPT as a theoretical framework. Twenty-nine records were included in the data synthesis. Key barrier themes included a PGx knowledge gap, a lack of consensus in policy and guidance, and uncertainty towards the use of PGx. Facilitator themes included an interest in PGx use as a new and improved approach to prescribing, a desire for a multidisciplinary approach to PGx implementation, and the importance of fostering a climate for PGx implementation. Using NPT, this novel review systematically summarises the literature in the psychiatric PGx implementation field. The findings highlight a need to develop national policies on using PGx, and an education and training workforce plan for mental health professionals. By understanding factors influencing implementation, the findings help to address the psychiatric PGx implementation gap. This helps move clinical practice closer towards a personalised psychotropic prescribing approach and associated improvements in patient outcomes. Future policy and research should focus on the appraisal of PGx implementation in psychiatry and the role of pharmacists in PGx service design, implementation, and delivery
Environmental hydraulics, turbulence and sediment transport, 2nd edition
No full textNoIn the search for sustainable city solutions, engineers face a bottleneck situation in balancing development and the intensified environmental challenges induced by scaled-up flooding, over-grown river vegetation, sediment transport, bridge and coastal scouring, and excessive pollution. The coupling impacts of uncontrolled flood and sediment to a city has caused difficulty in its management. Various numerical, theoretical, and experimental approaches have been proposed to reproduce flow and sediment transport conditions in real-world urban rivers, in order to perfect management strategies for them. This reprint, which is built from a well-planned journal’s Special Issue, aims to construct a collection of state-of-the-art studies and technologies to give insights to the related environmental, river, and sustainable city research and engineering communities. It is related and, hence, useful for environmental, river, and hydraulic engineers, authorities, and researchers to understand the current state-of-the-art practices in urbanized flow modelling, as well as vegetation- and sediment-related management. It also serves as a good knowledge source for research, post- or undergraduate students, in terms of knowledge about the most up-to-date topical advances
Insights into CFD modelling of water hammer
Get PDFYesA problem with 1-D water hammer modelling is in the application of accurate unsteady friction. Moreover, investigating the time response of fluid dynamics and unsteady turbulence structures during the water hammer is not possible with a 1-D model. This review article provides a summary of 1-D modelling using the recent finite volume approach and the discussion extends to a quasi-2-D model and historical developments as well as recent advancements in 3-D CFD simulations of water hammer. The eddy viscosity model is excellent in capturing pressure profiles but it is computationally intensive and requires more computational time. This article reviews 3-D CFD simulations with sliding mesh, an immersed solid approach, and dynamic mesh approaches for modelling valve closures. Despite prediction accuracy, a huge computational time and high computer resources are required to execute 3-D flow simulations with advanced valve modelling techniques. Experimental validation shows that a 3-D CFD simulation with a flow rate reduction curve as a boundary condition predicted accurate pressure variation results. Finally, a brief overview of the transient flow turbulence structures for a rapidly accelerated and decelerated pipe flow using DNS (Direct numerical simulation) data sets is presented. Overall, this paper summarises past developments and future scope in the field of water hammer modelling using CFD
When mass meets prestige: The impact of symbolic motivations, inspirations, and purchase intentions for Masstige products
No full textYesLuxury brands are increasingly targeting the middle class through ‘masstige marketing’ as the trendy business opportunity,' which combines luxury and mass appeal. This strategy aims to make high-end brands more accessible to a wider audience, catering to the desires and preferences of the middle class. Grounded in the Mass Prestige (Masstige) theory, this study examines the direct and indirect impact of Symbolic motivations (snob, Veblen, and bandwagon) on Masstige Purchase Intention (MPI) via Inspiration Towards Masstige (ITM) as a mediator. Moreover, the contingent impact of Brand Credibility (BC) between ITM and MPI was assessed. Two independent studies were conducted among consumers of clothing and car brands. Results supported all the hypothesized paths reflecting symbolic motivations as important predictors of MPI directly and through the underlying mechanism of ITM. However, significant differences were observed in the impact size of the Veblen and bandwagon motivations on ITM and MPI among clothing and car brand consumers. Moreover, results revealed that BC significantly interacts with ITM to augment the MPI in both studies. However, this contingent impact was stronger to enhance MPI among the consumers of car brands than clothing brands. Furthermore, study implications and future research directions are presented in detail.The full text will be available at the end of the Publisher's embargo period: 2nd Sept 202
Job Demands-Resources Theory Extended: Stress, Loneliness, and Care Responsibilities Impacting UK Doctoral Students’ and Academics’ Mental Health
Get PDFYesGiven the increasing challenges in academia since the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, it is crucial to understand how work demands, life demands, and job resources affect the mental health of academic researchers. In extending the job demands-resources theory, the present study investigates the relationships between job resources, research work demand, life demand (i.e. caring responsibility), stress, loneliness and mental health among doctoral students and academics. The results from a secondary dataset of 4,563 academic researchers (academics undertaking research and doctoral students) in the UK indicate that job resources are positively associated with mental health, while caring responsibility and loneliness are negatively impacted mental health. Stress is also found to partially mediate (explains) the relationships between job resources, research work demand, and mental health. Moreover, loneliness moderates the positive impact of job resources on mental health, particularly attenuating this relationship for academic researchers who experience higher levels of loneliness. Surprisingly, during Covid-19, the moderation effect of gender on the path from caring responsibility to stress is significantly stronger for males than for female colleagues. Feeling unprepared, male colleagues who were pressured to take on caring responsibilities experienced higher stress. We suggest strategic interventions to enhance job resources and support researchers who have caregiving responsibilities, while also alleviating stress and feelings of loneliness. Future research should engage alternative perspectives at both individual (e.g., age, familial wealth) and institutional (e.g., education system, discipline/field) levels
Professional Imprinting Mechanisms in the Doctoral Trajectory: Impact on Researcher Identity Diversity
Get PDFYesShaping one's professional identity is a complex process that starts early on in the professional career and is influenced by many factors along the way. An important process in professional identity formation is professional imprinting. In socialization theory, professional imprinting refers to how individuals adjust behavior and beliefs to fulfill expectations from their working environments and achieve a feeling of belonging during sensitive periods. In this study, we turn to the academic setting, which is characterized by high researcher identity heterogeneity and thus can give us insights into the dynamics of professional identity development. Professional imprints during doctoral training lead to permanent characteristics in one's researcher identity. To investigate professional imprinting and its mechanisms, we conducted a qualitative study involving interviews with 16 PhD students and their supervisors (16 professors and 4 post-docs) within the setting of an EU-funded project. We identify the imprinting mechanisms that shape a researcher's identity during a sensitive period. Our study offers valuable insights for managers and policy makers about the role of supervisors or supervising managers in the development of the professional identities of junior colleagues and about the future career trajectories of people entering academia and industry
What factors influence pain scores following Corticosteroid injection in patients with Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome? A systematic Review
Get PDFYesCortico-steroid Injections (CSI) are commonly used to treat patients with Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (GTPS) but it is unclear which patients will experience improvements in pain
Objectives: To identify factors that influence improvements in pain for patients with GTPS treated with CSI
Design: Systematic review
Methods: A search was undertaken of AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline and PEDro databases. Studies were eligible for inclusion of they investigated factors that influenced changes in pain experienced by patients who received a CSI. Studies needed to include relevant summary statistics and tests of clinical significance. Risk Of Bias in Non-randomised Trials Of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) tools were used to assess bias.
Results: The search identified 466 studies, 8 were included in the final review with a total of 643 participants. There was no association between demographic variables such as age, sex, symptom duration or obesity and pain outcomes post-CSI. Having a co-existing musculoskeletal (MSK) condition such as knee osteoarthritis or sacroiliac/lumbar spine pain was associated with less pain reduction post-CSI. Injections into the Trochanteric Bursa were associated with longer lasting pain reduction than Gluteus Medius Bursa or extra-bursal injections. Image guidance of CSI maintained lower pain scores at six months but did not increase the duration of the therapeutic effect past six months. The presence of specific ultrasound scan features was not associated with differences in pain scores.
Conclusions: Patients with co-existing MSK conditions may not respond to CSI as well as those without. Injections into the Greater Trochanteric Bursa may have longer lasting benefit. Further research is needed on the use of USS imaging findings and image guidance.This work was completed as part of a pre-doctoral fellowship funded by the National Institute of Health Research [NIHR301938, 2021]
The Galaxy platform for accessible, reproducible, and collaborative data analyses: 2024 update
Get PDFYesGalaxy (https://galaxyproject.org) is deployed globally, predominantly through free-to-use services, supporting user-driven research that broadens in scope each year. Users are attracted to public Galaxy services by platform stability, tool and reference dataset diversity, training, support and integration, which enables complex, reproducible, shareable data analysis. Applying the principles of user experience design (UXD), has driven improvements in accessibility, tool discoverability through Galaxy Labs/subdomains, and a redesigned Galaxy ToolShed. Galaxy tool capabilities are progressing in two strategic directions: integrating general purpose graphical processing units (GPGPU) access for cutting-edge methods, and licensed tool support. Engagement with global research consortia is being increased by developing more workflows in Galaxy and by resourcing the public Galaxy services to run them. The Galaxy Training Network (GTN) portfolio has grown in both size, and accessibility, through learning paths and direct integration with Galaxy tools that feature in training courses. Code development continues in line with the Galaxy Project roadmap, with improvements to job scheduling and the user interface. Environmental impact assessment is also helping engage users and developers, reminding them of their role in sustainability, by displaying estimated CO2 emissions generated by each Galaxy job.NIH [U41 HG006620, U24 HG010263, U24 CA231877, U01 CA253481]; US National Science Foundation [1661497, 1758800, 2216612]; computational resources are provided by the Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem (ACCESS-CI), Texas Advanced Computing Center, and the JetStream2 scientific cloud. Funding for open access charge: NIH. ELIXIR IS and Travel grants; EU Horizon Europe [HORIZON-INFRA-2021-EOSC-01-04, 101057388]; EU Horizon Europe under the Biodiversity, Circular Economy and Environment program (REA.B.3, BGE 101059492); German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF [031 A538A de.NBI-RBC]; Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts Baden-Württemberg (MWK) within the framework of LIBIS/de.NBI Freiburg. Galaxy Australia is supported by the Australian BioCommons which is funded through Australian Government NCRIS investments from Bioplatforms Australia and the Australian Research Data Commons, as well as investment from the Queensland Government RICF program
Time-varying impacts of green credit on carbon productivity in China: New evidence from a non-parametric panel data model
No full textYesIn the context of global climate change threatening human survival, and in a post-pandemic era that advocates for a global green and low-carbon economic recovery, conducting an in-depth analysis to assess whether green f inance can effectively support low-carbon economic development from a dynamic perspective is crucial. Unlike existing research, which focuses solely on the average effects of green credit (GC) on carbon productivity (CP), we introduce a non-parametric panel data model to investigate GC’s impact on CP across 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2021, verifying a significant time-varying effect. Specifically, during the first phase (2003–2008), GC negatively impacted CP. In the second phase (2009–2014), this negative influence gradually diminished and transformed into a positive effect. In the third phase (2015–2021), GC continued to positively influence CP, although this effect became insignificant during the pandemic. Further subgroup analysis reveals that in the regions with low environmental regulations, GC did not significantly boost CP throughout the sample period. In contrast, in the regions with high environmental regulations, GC’s positive effect persisted in the mid to late stages of the sample period. Additionally, compared to the regions with low levels of marketization, the impact of GC on CP was more pronounced in highly marketized regions. This indicates that the promoting effect of GC on CP depends on strong support from environmental regulations and well-functioning market mechanisms. By adopting a non-parametric approach, this study reveals variations in the impact of GC on CP across different stages and under the influence of the pandemic shock, offering new insights into the relationship between GC and China’s CP
Effects of organisational, individual and contextual factors on employees' intentions to adopt green practices
Get PDFYesBuilding on the perspectives of the theory of planned behaviour, behaviour spillover, and social bond, this study develops and tests an integrative framework that explores the linkages between hotel employees’ organisational commitment (OC) and pro-environmental behaviour in the home (PEBH) as key antecedents affecting their intention to adopt green practices in the workplace (IGPW). We further examine the moderating role played by green organisational climate (GOC). Empirical results from 407 Malaysian hotel employees show that employees’ PEBH enhances IGPW via attitude and perceived behavioural control (PBC); OC positively affects intention mediated only by attitude, and GOC strengthens the effect of OC on PBC. These findings provide novel evidence concerning the importance of the contextual and organisational environment in shaping employees’ green behaviour