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Intelligent and energy efficient mobile smartphone gateway for healthcare smart devices based on 5G
No full textNoThe healthcare sector is now blending with Information and Communications Technology (ICT) using Internet of Things (IoT) to potentially minimise medical errors and reduce healthcare cost. Patients are now embedded with smart devices like body sensors and wearable devices which can monitor their health without the need for a doctor in physical contact. Such smart devices have the downside of low battery power and are unable to transmit their data to the medical personnel when the patient is on the move away from the smart home/smart clinic fixed gateway. A mobile gateway is required which moves with the patient to process the smart device data without depleting the smartphone battery. This paper proposes an Intelligent and Energy Efficient SG based smartphone Gateway for healthcare smart devices (IEE5GG). In IEE5GG, the 5G architecture is adopted and the patient's smartphone is used as a gateway where multiple smart devices are connected e.g. via Bluetooth. To save energy, requests to the smartphone can either be executed on the smartphone gateway or offloaded and executed in the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) cloud at close proximity to the smartphone in the 5G Base Station (BS) central Unit (gNB-CU) while considering the transmission power, Quality of Service (QoS), smartphone battery level and Central Processing Unit (CPU) load. Results show that the proposed IEE5GG framework saves up to 38% of energy in the healthcare mobile gateway smartphone and reduces healthcare application service time by up to 41%.British Council Institutional Links grant under the BEIS-managed Newton Fund
Fundamental results for learning deterministic extended finite state machines from queries
Get PDFYesRegular language inference, initiated by Angluin, has many developments, including applications in software engineering and testing. However, the capability of finite automata to model the system data is quite limited and, in many cases, extended finite state machine formalisms, that combine the system control with data structures, are used instead. The application of Angluin-style inference algorithms to extended state machines would involve constructing a minimal deterministic extended finite state machine consistent with a deterministic 3-valued deterministic finite automaton. In addition to the usual, accepting and rejecting, states of finite automaton, a 3-valued deterministic finite automaton may have “don't care” states; the sequences of inputs that reach such states may be considered as accepted or rejected, as is convenient. The aforementioned construction reduces to finding a minimal deterministic finite automaton consistent with a 3-valued deterministic finite automaton, that preserves the deterministic nature of the extended model that also handles the data structure associated with it. This paper investigates fundamental properties of extended finite state machines in relation to Angluin's language inference problem and provides an inference algorithm for such models
New frontiers of the capability approach
No full textNoFor over three decades, the capability approach proposed and developed by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum has had a distinct impact on development theories and approaches because it goes beyond an economic conception of development and engages with the normative aspects of development. This book explores the new frontiers of the capability approach and its links to human development in three main areas. First, it delves into the philosophical foundations of the approach, re-examining its links to concepts of common good, collective agency and epistemic diversity. Secondly, it addresses its 'operational frontier', aiming to give inclusive explanations of some of the most advanced methods available for capability researchers. Thirdly, it offers a wide range of the applications of this approach, as carried out by a mix of renowned capability scholars and researchers from different disciplines. This broad interdisciplinary range includes the areas of human and sustainable development, inequalities, labour markets, education, special needs, cities, urban planning, housing, social capital and happiness studies, among others
Forensic Archaeology: A Global Perspective
No full textNoForensic archaeology is mostly defined as the use of archaeological methods and principles within a legal context. However, such a definition only covers one aspect of forensic archaeology and misses the full potential this discipline has to offer. This volume is unique in that it contains 57 chapters from experienced forensic archaeological practitioners working in different countries, intergovernmental organisations or NGO’s. It shows that the practice of forensic archaeology varies worldwide as a result of diverse historical, educational, legal and judicial backgrounds. The chapters in this volume will be an invaluable reference to (forensic) archaeologists, forensic anthropologists, humanitarian and human rights workers, forensic scientists, police officers, professionals working in criminal justice systems and all other individuals who are interested in the potential forensic archaeology has to offer at scenes of crime or places of incident. This volume promotes the development of forensic archaeology worldwide. In addition, it proposes an interpretative framework that is grounded in archaeological theory and methodology, integrating affiliated behavioural and forensic sciences
Social media research in the context of emerging markets: an analysis of extant literature from information systems perspective
Get PDFYesPurpose: Despite the potential of social media in emerging markets (EMs), only few studies
published in high quality information systems (IS) journals that have addressed issues related
to social media in the context of EMs. This study aims to analyse existing research related to
social media published in high quality IS journals for exploring initial research trends,
emerging themes, limitations and future research directions in the context of emerging markets.
Design/methodology/approach: This study conducted systematic review of 22 articles on
social media, which were published in the “Senior Scholars Basket of IS Journals and
Information Systems Frontiers” from 1997 to 2017. Manual literature search approach (i.e.
screening through table of contents of each journal) was employed to identify relevant articles.
The content of relevant articles was systematically analysed and synthesised along with
keyword analysis to understand research trends on social media related issues in the emerging
markets context.
Findings: The study identified four major themes from existing research on the social media
in the context of emerging markets, namely: 1) Social media frameworks; 2) Social media and
consumers; 3) Social media and organisations; and 4) Social media and society with majority
of the studies focusing on consumers. Single Subject was found as the major limitation with
studies analysed focusing on single platform/country/domain hindering the generalizability
whereas including new exogenous variable to improve the validity of existing studies emerged
as main future research direction.
Originality/value: This study conducted literature review on social media in EMs, which has
not been undertaken yet. Moreover, it employed manual search (an effort and time intensive
approach) to overcome the shortcomings of keyword search to identify, locate, select and
analyse the social media literature in the context of emerging markets
A "hair-raising" history of alopecia areata
Get PDFYesA 3500‐year‐old papyrus from ancient Egypt provides a list of treatments for many diseases including “bite hair loss,” most likely alopecia areata (AA). The treatment of AA remained largely unchanged for over 1500 years. In 30 CE, Celsus described AA presenting as scalp alopecia in spots or the “windings of a snake” and suggested treatment with caustic compounds and scarification. The first “modern” description of AA came in 1813, though treatment still largely employed caustic agents. From the mid‐19th century onwards, various hypotheses of AA development were put forward including infectious microbes (1843), nerve defects (1858), physical trauma and psychological stress (1881), focal inflammation (1891), diseased teeth (1902), toxins (1912) and endocrine disorders (1913). The 1950s brought new treatment developments with the first use of corticosteroid compounds (1952), and the first suggestion that AA was an autoimmune disease (1958). Research progressively shifted towards identifying hair follicle‐specific autoantibodies (1995). The potential role of lymphocytes in AA was made implicit with immunohistological studies (1980s). However, studies confirming their functional role were not published until the development of rodent models (1990s). Genetic studies, particularly genome‐wide association studies, have now come to the forefront and open up a new era of AA investigation (2000s). Today, AA research is actively focused on genetics, the microbiome, dietary modulators, the role of atopy, immune cell types in AA pathogenesis, primary antigenic targets, mechanisms by which immune cells influence hair growth, and of course the development of new treatments based on these discoveries.Alopecia UK
Shadows of War: Arms Control and the Military Confrontation in Central Europe during the Cold War
No full textNoThe military dimension of the Cold War was characterised by the strategic nuclear stand-off between the United States and the Soviet Union as well as the large-scale regional military confrontation in Central Europe. As part of the process of East-West détente there was an effort to address the risks of war in Europe by means of an arms control process referred to as MBFR (Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions). The true purposes and intentions of both sides (NATO and the Warsaw Pact) in these negotiations has so far not been fully understood. This book is based on path-breaking archival research that clarifies the objectives and tactics of the parties to the negotiations and the reasons for why the negotiations ended without an agreement. It makes a major new contribution to the understanding of Cold War History
Non-medical prescribing and advanced practice in children's hospices
No full textNoIn recent years, as the prevalence of prescribers has increased, there has been discord and confusion around exactly how to refer to prescribers who are not doctors (Nuttall and Rutt-Howard, 2020). Professional regulators continue to define prescribers by specific profession, using terms such as ‘nurse prescriber’ (Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2018a), ‘pharmacist prescriber’ (General Pharmaceutical Society, 2018) and ‘allied health professional prescriber’ (Health and Care Professions Council, 2016). However, there is a broader range of literature using the collective term of ‘non-medical prescribers’ (All Wales Medicines Strategy Group, 2017; Department of Health Northern Ireland, 2020; NHS England, 2020; Scottish Government, 2020), highlighting the multidisciplinary nature of contemporary prescribing practices across the UK, and the shared responsibility of prescribers for assuring safe and effective practice. Within this chapter, we refer to prescribers collectively, as non-medical prescribers.
Although this chapter has been written with the four countries of the UK in mind, it is important that you consider any country-specific, and profession-specific guidelines