94 research outputs found
Prof dr FJ van Zyl as mens, kerkman en godsdiensfilosoof
No full textProf Dr FJ van Zyl as person, church personality and philosopher of religionProfessor Francois Jacobus van Zyl (1913-05-06 -) served as Head of the Department of Science of Religion and Missiology, Faculty of Theology (Section: Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk), University of Pretoria, during the period 1960-1978. This article (written by a former student of his and present Head of the same Department) contains a short biography, a discussion of his views on Theology, Science of Religion and Philosophy of Religion, and a bibliography. He is portrayed as a theologian with Barthian convictions, while been influenced by Emil Brunner and to a lesser extent by Hendrik Kraemer also. His primary audience was the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk and his theological activities (especially in the period 1960-1983) must be seen in relation to his influential role in same church
Analysis of leukocyte membrane protein interactions using protein microarrays
No full textThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited - Copyright @ 2005 Letarte et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.BACKGROUND: Protein microarrays represent an emerging class of proteomic tools to investigate multiple protein-protein interactions in parallel. A sufficient proportion of immobilized proteins must maintain an active conformation and an orientation that allows for the sensitive and specific detection of antibody and ligand binding. In order to establish protein array technology for the characterization of the weak interactions between leukocyte membrane proteins, we selected the human leukocyte membrane protein CD200 (OX2) and its cell surface receptor (hCD200R) as a model system. As antibody-antigen reactions are generally of higher affinity than receptor-ligand binding, we first analyzed the reactivity of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to normal and mutant forms of immobilized CD200R. RESULTS: Fluorescently labelled mAb DX147, DX136 and OX108 were specifically reactive with immobilized recombinant hCD200R extracellular region, over a range of 0.1-40 microg ml(-1) corresponding to a limit of sensitivity of 0.01-0.05 femtomol per spot. Orientating hCD200R using capture antibodies, showed that DX147 reacts with an epitope spatially distinct from the more closely related DX136 and OX108 epitopes. A panel of soluble recombinant proteins with mutations in hCD200R domain 1 produced by transiently transfected cells, was arrayed directly without purification and screened for binding to the three mAb. Several showed decreased binding to the blocking mAb DX136 and OX108, suggesting close proximity of these epitopes to the CD200 binding site. Binding of hCD200 to directly immobilized rat, mouse, and hCD200R was achieved with multimeric ligands, in the form of biotinylated-hCD200 coupled to FITC-labelled avidin coated beads. CONCLUSION: We have achieved sensitive, specific and reproducible detection of immobilized CD200R with different antibodies and mapped antigenic epitopes for two mAb in the vicinity of the ligand binding site using protein microarrays. We also detected CD200 binding to its receptor, a low affinity interaction, using beads presenting multivalent ligands. Our results demonstrate the quantitative aspects of protein arrays and their potential use in detecting simultaneously multiple protein-protein interactions and in particular the weak interactions found between leukocyte membrane proteins.This work was supported by the Medical Research Council (UK) and the Arthritis Research Campaign (UK)
Schistosomiasis and Urinary Bladder Cancer in North Western Tanzania: A Retrospective Review of 185 Patients.
No full textWorldwide, cancers of the urinary bladder are well known to be associated with environmental chemical carcinogens such as smoking and occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These cancers are typically transitional cell carcinoma (urothelial carcinoma). In areas where schistosomiasis is endemic there is a high incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Schistosomiasis causes chronic granulomatous cystitis leading to squamous metaplasia of transitional epithelium, and subsequently development of squamous cell carcinoma. The western part of Tanzania on the shores of Lake Victoria is such an endemic area. This study was done to document the burden of urinary bladder cancer associated with schistosomiasis in this region. This was a descriptive retrospective study of histologically confirmed cases of urinary bladder cancer seen at the Department of Pathology Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) over a period of 10 years. Data were retrieved from the records of the Departments of Pathology, Medical Records and Surgery. Data were analyzed by the use of contingency tables. A total of 185 patients were diagnosed with cancer of the urinary bladder during the study period, where as 90 (48.6%) were males and 95 (51.4) were females. The mean age at diagnosis was 54.3 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent histological type (55.1%), followed by conventional transitional cell carcinoma (40.5%). Eighty three of all cancer cases (44.9%) were found to have schistosomal eggs. Schistosomiasis was commonly associated with squamous cancers compared to non squamous cancers. Most of the cancers associated with schistosomiasis had invaded the muscularis propria of the urinary bladder at the time of diagnosis (p<0.001) and such cancers were frequent below 50 years of age with a significant statistical difference (p<0.001). Poorly differentiated tumors were more frequent in females than males with a significant statistical difference (p=0.006). The majority of urinary bladder cancers seen in the Lake Region were squamous cell carcinoma associated with schistosomiasis. These cancers showed an aggressive behavior and were commonly seen in the younger age groups. Effective control of schistosomiasis in this region should significantly reduce the burden of urinary bladder cancer
Oorreding in evangelisasie
No full textPersuasion in evangelism Is persuasion as researched and applied in the different secular fields relevant to evangelism? To many evangelists this is hardly a question to consider, since they take a positive answer as self evident. It is a different matter however when faith in Jesus Christ is marketed as a means to heavenly retirement, or when the fears and emotions of persons are manipulated in order to pressure- sell the gospel. This article looks at two examples of applied persuasion, i e in marketing, and in training and management. One of the aims of evangelism, conversion, is also considered. It is found that many of the principles and techniques of persuasion as formulated may indeed be used in influencing and persuading nonbelievers on condition that specific principles be honoured. The article aims at addressing four principles in this regard
RGN-Verslag oor godsdiens, tussengroepverhoudinge en maatskaplike verandering in Suid-Afrika
No full textThe HSRC Report on religion, intergroup relations and social change in South AfricaThis article deals with the HSRC Report Religion, intergroup relations and social change in South Africa of 1985. The report is found to be well researched. A basic statement thereof is that religion functions in an ambivalent manner: It may transcend group interests for the sake of broader or national interests and thus facilitate reconciliation or it may become a captive of group interests and by legitimising group perceptions and claims, contribute to intergroup tension. Despite the Committee's claim to a scientific approach to religion, the report displays a natural theological aspect
Drugs in sport — testing results from the South African Laboratory 1995 - 2002
No full textObjective. To summarise the results of the past 8 years obtained at the South African Doping Control Laboratory and to compare the results with international statistics.
Method. Screening procedures were performed on 14 017 urine samples collected from competitors in 54 different sporting codes during the period 1995 - 2002. Samples were analysed using gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the presence of prohibited substances, which are listed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Results. The results obtained were compared with those of the IOC-accredited laboratories. Prohibited substances were detected in 300 samples (2.14%), of which 45.6% contained anabolic agents and 34.6% stimulants. The positive samples from the IOC laboratories contained 58.7% anabolic agents and 20.8% stimulants. Testosterone and nandrolone were the anabolic agents most frequently detected in positive samples, both in South Africa and internationally. The ephedrines as a group accounted for most stimulants detected in positive samples.
Conclusion. It is of concern that the percentage of positive samples (2.14%) obtained in our laboratory is higher than the 1.70% in IOC laboratories. It is therefore necessary that doping control to curb the use of prohibited substances should continue and expand.
South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol.16(1) 2004: 29-3
Die posisie van swart skrywers van Afrikaanse prosa in die Afrikaanse prosasisteem sedert 1992
No full textThesis (DLitt)--University of Pretoria, 2016.In die studie word ? sisteembeskrywing van swart Afrikaanse prosaskrywers se posisie binne die Afrikaanse prosasisteem gegee, met die publikasie van Abraham Phillips se Die verdwaalde land in 1992 as begindatum. Die kontensieuse begrip swart word generies gebruik om alle skrywers van kleur in te sluit.
Swart skrywers se posisie is deur gebruikmaking van metatekste literêr-sistemies beskryf. Even-Zohar, Bourdieu, De Geest en Schmidt se sisteemteorieë is hiervoor aangewend.
Op grond van die aantal studies oor hul werk is Abraham Phillips, A.H.M. Scholtz en E.K.M. Dido as prominente skrywers hanteer. Ander minder prominente skrywers se posisies word ook beskryf.
Die studie het ? aantal bevindinge opgelewer.
Phillips is ? bekroonde skrywer wat uit ? benadeelde posisie prosatekste skryf. Sy posisie word binne die raamwerk van Bourdieu se veldteorie aangetoon. Literêre kritici het sy tekste op verskillende wyses in die literêre veld geposisioneer. Slegs Phillips se debuut word as gekanoniseerd beskou. In 1992 word hy die eerste swart skrywer van Afrikaanse prosa aan wie beduidende simboliese kapitaal toegeken is.
Scholtz, ? bekroonde skrywer, se drie tekste is met gebruikmaking van Even-Zohar se polisisteemteorie beskryf. Op grond van analises van metatekste word hy as gekanoniseerde skrywer in die Afrikaanse literêre sisteem gereken.
Dido se diskursiewe posisies in die literêre sisteem is binne De Geest se funksionele sisteemteorie beskryf. Sy het tot dusver geen literêre toekenning ontvang nie, maar is in 2005 met ? eredoktorsgraad deur UWK vereer. Sy word as baanbreker vir swart Afrikaanse vroueskrywers binne die literêre sisteem geposisioneer.
Karel Benjamin, S.P. Benjamin, Clive Smith, Joseph Marble, Elias P. Nel, Kirby van der Merwe, P.J. Philander, Catherine Willemse, Bettina Wyngaard, Anastasia de Vries en Zain Eckleton word as minder prominente skrywers beskou en hul posisisionering geskied binne Schmidt se operasionele raamwerk.
Die gevolgtrekking was dat swart skrywers van Afrikaanse prosa sedert 1992 verskillende posisies in die Afrikaanse literêre sisteem inneem.A systems description was given of the position of black African prose authors within the Afrikaans prose system with the publication of Abraham Phillips' Die verdwaalde land in 1992 as starting date. Despite being contentious the generic term "black" is used to include all authors of colour. The position of black authors is literary-systematically described by using meta-texts and by implementing the systems theories of Even-Zohar, Bourdieu, De Geest and Schmidt.
Based on the number of studies on their work, Abraham Phillips, AHM Scholtz and EKM Dido are considered to be "prominent" authors. The position of other less "prominent" authors are also described.
The study yielded a number of findings.
Phillips, an award-winning author, writes his texts from a disadvantaged position. His position in the Afrikaans literary field is described according to Bourdieu's field theory. Literary critics positioned Phillips s texts in different ways in the literary field. Only Phillips' debut can be considered part of the literary canon. In 1992 he became the first black author of Afrikaans prose to be awarded symbolic capital.
The acclaimed Scholtz s position is described according to Even-Zohar's Polysystems Theory. Based on the analysis of meta-texts he is considered as a canonical author in the Afrikaans literary system.
Dido s discursive positions in the literary system are described according to De Geest s Functional Systems Theory. Dido has not yet received any literary awards, but was awarded an honorary UWC doctorate in 2005. She is positioned in the Afrikaans literary system as a pioneer for "black" African women authors.
Karel Benjamin, SP Benjamin, Clive Smith, Joseph Marble, Elias P. Nel, Kirby van der Merwe, PJ Philander, Catherine Willemse, Bettina Wyngaard, Anastasia de Vries and Zain Eckleton are considered to be less prominent authors and their positioning is shown according to Schmidt's operational framework.
The study concludes that black Afrikaans prose authors since 1992 can be ranked in different positions in the Afrikaans literary system.AfrikaansDLittUnrestricte
Production of Personal Records in Sexual Offences Trials
No full textThis paper will investigate the position of disclosure of personal records in other jurisdictions and will discuss the lack of specific legislation on this issue in South Africa. It will also explore legal options available for complainants and record holders to resist the disclosure of this information as well as the rationale of the defence and the courts in admitting this information into evidence as relevant. The paper will attempt to reveal the flawed reasoning of the defence and the courts in justifying the use of personal records of complainants by investigating the myths and stereotypes about women, children and sexual assault that inform this reasoning, and will recommend how government must intervene to combat this phenomenon to ensure real protection of women and children in the criminal justice system
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