492 research outputs found
Vitaliteit in een verouderende populatie
No full textOratie uitgesproken door David van Bodegom bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van Hoogleraar Vitaliteit in een verouderende populatie aan de Universiteit Leiden op 11 november 2021LUMC / Geneeskund
Upscaling methane emissions from rice paddies: problems and possibilities.
No full textGlobal methane emission estimates depend highly on the models, techniques, and databases used. Since emissions cannot be measured directly at large scales, it is impossible to judge which estimate is more realistic. In this paper, different aspects of uncertainty in upscaling methane emissions from rice paddies are discussed. These aspects are visualized by a case study on the spatial upscaling of methane emissions from the island of Java, Indonesia. The first aspect concerns process information. An approach to incorporate this information in a simplified but process-based way in predictive models is discussed. Sources of uncertainty include the methane emissions measurements, processes quantification, process simplification, and the use of data transfer functions. Data availability of input parameters, the second aspect, is uncertain because of differences between different data sources, the use of data sources for purposes not originally planned for, and the scale at which data are available. Data interpolation in combination with nonlinear model responses introduces scaling errors, the third aspect. Data accuracy introduced the highest uncertainties in emission estimates but is rarely accounted for in the estimation of global emissions
Supplemental Material - Practice of Supporting Family Caregivers of Patients with Life-Threatening Diseases: A Two-phase Study Among Healthcare Professionals
No full textSupplemental Material for Practice of Supporting Family Caregivers of Patients with Life-Threatening Diseases: A Two-phase Study Among Healthcare Professionals by Hinke E. Hoffstädt, MSc, Jannie A. Boogaard, PhD, Marcella C. Tam, MSc, Leti van Bodegom-Vos, PhD, Arianne Stoppelenburg, PhD, Iris D. Hartog, PhD, Yvette M. van der Linden, MD, PhD, and Jenny T. van der Steen, PhD, FGSA in American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®</p
Genetic variation in pentraxin (PTX) 3 gene associates with PTX3 production and fertility in women
No full textPentraxin 3 (PTX3) plays an important role in innate immune responses and in female fertility, as discovered with studies in mice. However, the role of PTX3 in human fertility is unknown. Here, we report on a population-based study from a rural area of Upper East Ghana (n = 4346). We studied the association between the number of children given birth by women during their lifetime and ex vivo, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PTX3 production (n = 362). In addition, we studied the association of genetic variation in the PTX3 gene with PTX3 production (n = 617) and with female fertility (n = 1999). We found that ex vivo LPS-induced PTX3 production was associated with fertility (P = 0.040). Furthermore, we identified genetic variants in the PTX3 gene that influence PTX3 production, and also fertility. The strongest associations were observed for the rs6788044 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). We found that carriers of this SNP had higher PTX3 production capacity (P = 0.003) and higher fertility (P = 0.043). The results reported here provide the first evidence, based on protein production and analysis of polymorphisms, that the long pentraxin PTX3 plays a role in female fertility in humans
Het geheim van de schildpad
No full textPrevention, Population and Disease management (PrePoD)Public Health and primary car
Vitamin D: ultraviolet light and well-being of older people
No full textVitamin D is a hormone produced in the skin via a non-enzymatic process involving ultraviolet light.It is well known that the physiology of aging makes older people particularly susceptible to vitamin D deficiency and that, if untreated, it can have serious health consequences. This thesis deliberates on the topics of vitamin D supplementation in older people in light of the current guidelines and on the possible additional effects of ultraviolet light beyond vitamin D synthesis on nursing home residents. We present a cross-sectional study in nursing home residents aged 70 years and over designed to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in achieving vitamin D sufficiency. We also discuss the different supplementation strategies for nursing home residents and community dwelling persons aged 70 years and over based on a survey administered to general practitioners and elderly care physicians in the Netherlands.In the second part we concentrate on additional effects of ultraviolet light beyond vitamin D synthesis. We describe our systematic review of literature on the effect of ultraviolet light, when applied to the skin or eyes, on mood, depression and well-being. We present also our randomized controlled trial on the effect of ultraviolet radiation compared with oral vitamin D supplementation on the well-being of nursing home residents with dementia. Further we use the data of the RCT to carry out a post-hoc analysis to compare the effect of vitamin D alone compared with ultraviolet radiation on the blood pressure of old people with dementia.LUMC / Geneeskund
The imprint of plants on ecosystem functioning: A data-driven approach
No full textTerrestrial ecosystems strongly determine the exchange of carbon, water and energy between the biosphere and atmosphere. These exchanges are influenced by environmental conditions (e.g., local meteorology, soils), but generally mediated by organisms. Often, mathematical descriptions of these processes are implemented in terrestrial biosphere models. Model implementations of this kind should be evaluated by empirical analyses of relationships between observed patterns of ecosystem functioning, vegetation structure, plant traits, and environmental conditions. However, the question of how to describe the imprint of plants on ecosystem functioning based on observations has not yet been systematically investigated. One approach might be to identify and quantify functional attributes or responsiveness of ecosystems (often very short-term in nature) that contribute to the long-term (i.e., annual but also seasonal or daily) metrics commonly in use. Here we define these patterns as “ecosystem functional properties”, or EFPs. Such as the ecosystem capacity of carbon assimilation or the maximum light use efficiency of an ecosystem. While EFPs should be directly derivable from flux measurements at the ecosystem level, we posit that these inherently include the influence of specific plant traits and their local heterogeneity. We present different options of upscaling in situ measured plant traits to the ecosystem level (ecosystem vegetation properties – EVPs) and provide examples of empirical analyses on plants’ imprint on ecosystem functioning by combining in situ measured plant traits and ecosystem flux measurements. Finally, we discuss how recent advances in remote sensing contribute to this framework.Musavi, Talie; Mahecha, Miguel D; Migliavacca, Mirco; Reichstein, Markus; van de Weg, Martine Janet; van Bodegom, Peter M; Bahn, Michael; Wirth, Christian; Reich, Peter B; Schrodt, Franziska; Kattge, Jens. (2015). The imprint of plants on ecosystem functioning: A data-driven approach. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, 10.1016/j.jag.2015.05.009
De medicalisering van dagelijks bewegen
No full textPublic Health and primary carePrevention, Population and Disease management (PrePoD
The Impact of Incidental Findings Detected During Brain Imaging on Research Participants of the Rotterdam Study: An Interview Study
No full textThis interview study investigates the short- and long-term implications of incidental findings detected through brain imaging on research participants’ lives and their
surroundings. For this study, nine participants of the Rotterdam Scan Study with an
incidental finding were approached and interviewed. When examining research participants’
narratives on the impact of the disclosure of incidental findings, the authors identified five
sets of tensions with regard to motivations for and expectations of research participation,
preferences regarding disclosure, short- and long-term impacts and impacts on self and
others. The paper shows: (1) that the impact of incidental findings may be greater than
participants at first let on; (2) incidental findings can have significant effects on participants’
social environment; and (3) participants may not feel prepared for disclosure even if
incidental findings have been discussed during the informed consent process. The authors
call for investigators to be aware of research participants’ experiences and these short- and
long-term impacts when designing suitable courses of action for the detection and management of incidental findings in research settings
Measuring senescence in human populations
No full textIn this thesis, senescence is measured in human populations according to its definition of an increase in the risks of dysfunction, disease, and death with chronological age. Part I of this thesis investigates how a population__s senescence rate can be measured through the increase in mortality rate with age. Part II of this thesis investigates how senescence can be measured through the increase in morbidity - with a focus on cardiovascular disease - in a non-western population and thus be compared with the senescence process in western populations.UBL - phd migration 201
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