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    First Seal of the French Republic

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    Letter from unknown author to Michel-Dmitri Calvocoressi, undated

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    An undated letter from an unknown author to French critic and musicologist Michel-Dmitri Calvocoressi

    Letter from unknown author to Michel-Dmitri Calvocoressi, undated

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    An undated letter from an unknown author to French critic and musicologist Michel-Dmitri Calvocoressi

    Jacques Cartier's House

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    View of the court, depicting the farmhouse on the opposite side of the court; This is the house of Jacques Cartier's wife. Jacques Cartier was the French discoverer and first explorer of Canada; he was born in Saint-Malo. The house represents a wealthy home from the 16th century in northern France

    Reproductions of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe Nave Frescoes

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    Scene, possibly Joseph and His Brethren; The creation of copies of historic frescoes was begun in 1937 by Paul Deschamps, director of the then Musée des Monuments Français (with Paul Pradel and Marc Thibout). There are now over 400, representing French art from the 12th through 16th centuries. The Romanesque collection was opened in 1945. The Gothic collection was opened in 1955 and the Renaissance collection was opened in 1959. The original Romanesque frescoes from the nave of Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe Abbey church (Saint-Savin-sur-Gartempe, Poitou, France) date from ca. 1100. Source: Cité de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine; http://www.citechaillot.fr/en/ (accessed 5/1/2013

    Canal de Saint-Pierre

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    View of Canal de Brienne with canal boat (house boat); The Canal de Brienne (also known as the "Canal de Saint-Pierre") is a French canal connecting the Garonne River with the Canal du Midi and the Canal de Garonne. It has two locks. The lock opening to the Garonne is known as Ecluse Saint-Pierre. The lock nearer to the Canal du Midi usually stands open. The canal is in the center of Toulouse. It is named after Etienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne (1727-1794), archbishop of Toulouse. At the joining with the Canal du Midi is the Ponts Jumeaux (Twin Bridges). Source: Wikipedia; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page (accessed 5/18/2011

    l'Annonciation des Cordeliers

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    Overall view, in the museum; This angel was originally a portal jamb sculpture from an unknown church. It was discovered in the Toulouse church of Cordeliers in the 19th century. There, since the 16th century, it had been used in part of the tomb sculpture of the family of Belbèze. It must date from before the Cordeliers church was built, ca. 1230-1250. It is in the style of the chapter house of La Daurade, the "style 1200", a transitional style between Romanesque and Gothic. Source: Musée des Augustins [website]; http://www.augustins.org/en (accessed 5/16/2011

    Handling unknown words in statistical latent-variable parsing models for Arabic, English and French

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    This paper presents a study of the impact of using simple and complex morphological clues to improve the classification of rare and unknown words for parsing. We compare this approach to a language-independent technique often used in parsers which is based solely on word frequencies. This study is applied to three languages that exhibit different levels of morphological expressiveness: Arabic, French and English. We integrate information about Arabic affixes and morphotactics into a PCFG-LA parser and obtain stateof-the-art accuracy. We also show that these morphological clues can be learnt automatically from an annotated corpus

    Bust of Antinous, called 'Antinous Ecouen'

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    Detail head from below right; This marble bust of the lover of the emperor Hadrian (ruled 117-138) was present in the Louvre’s Salle des Antiques in 1793. It was long confused with a bronze sculpture confiscated from the Château d’Écouen in the same year, then transferred to Versailles before later joining the Louvre. (Antiquities from the royal residences were confiscated with the property of the Crown in 1792 and put on display at the Louvre.) Both sculptures reproduce a bust found during the Renaissance that probably came from the Villa Hadriana. The Louvre bust comes from the French royal collections and is an 18th-century copy of the Roman work. Source: Louvre Museum [website]; http://www.louvre.fr/ (accessed 4/15/2011

    Château de Villandry

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    Frontal view of north elevation of pavilions; The chateau is one of the last great Renaissance houses to be built on the Loire, and as such displays a Classical elegance reflecting Italian influence. It possesses features which are unusual in Touraine, such as rectangular pavilions (in place of the former round towers) in addition to the layout of the esplanade and its moat. It was originally a fortress, but nothing remains of that settlement except the keep, a square tower incorporated in the present structure. Acquired in the early 1500's by Jean Le Breton, France's Controller-General for War under King Francois I, a new château was constructed around the original 14th-century keep where King Philip II of France once met Richard I of England ("the Lionhearted") to discuss peace. The château remained in the Le Breton family for more than two centuries until it was acquired by the Marquis de Castellane. During the French Revolution the property was confiscated and in the early 1800's Emperor Napoleon acquired it for his brother Joseph Bonaparte. Source: Wikipedia; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page (accessed 7/16/2008
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