213 research outputs found
Blockprinted Editions of Liu Zhi's Tian-Fang Dian-Li and Tian-Fang Zhi-Sheng Shi-Lu
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to put into some kind of logical order blockprinted editions of the early Qing period scholar Liu Zhi 劉智’s Tian-Fang Dian-Li 天方典禮 and Tian-Fang Zhi-Sheng Shi-Lu 天方至聖實錄 that were transmitted to Japan and examine the conditions under which the Islamic works written by Muslims of the late Ming / early Qing period were circulated and handed down.The oldest extant edition of Tian-Fang Dian-Li was published by Yang Fei-lu 楊斐菉 in 康煕 49 (1710) and that of Tian-Fang Zhi-Sheng Shi-Lu was published in Cheng-du 成都 by Huan-chun-tang 還淳堂 in 道光 7 (1827).There are three different extant editions of Tian-Fang Dian-Li: the Tong Guo-xuan, Dian-nan 滇南 and Jiang-zhang-tang 絳帳堂 editions. There was also a Huan-chun-tang edition, as seen in a preface by Huan-chun-tang’s Ma Da-en 馬大恩 appearing in the Dian-nan and the Bao-zhen-tang 寶眞堂 Huang-chun-tang edition.There are two different editions of Tian-Fang Zhi-Sheng Shi-Lu: The Huan-chun-tang and Zhen-jiang Mosque editions. The list of Islamic literature contained in the Tong-zhi 同治 13 / Guang-xu 光緒 1 (1874) printings of the latter is important for knowing about publication of that genre during the late Ming / early Qing period.After many Islamic works written by Muslims at that time were published by Ma Da-en in Cheng-du during the Dao-guang 道光 era (1830s and 40s), similar publication continued during the Tong-zhi era (1860s) in Yunnan 雲南, and then by Yuhaiting 余海亭 in Cheng-du. Therefore, in southeast China, the publication of Islamic books followed a route from Cheng-du to Yunnan, then back to Cheng-du, with Ma Da-en playing the pioneering role.In addition, Islamic works preserved in Zhen-jiang and Guang-dong 広東 became very valuable after the loss of many books due to the Muslim risings of the Tong-zhi era.Finally, the author points out that there is no evidence that the works of Liu-Zhi were published or printed by either the Shan-xi 陝西 or Shan-dong 山東 Schools.journal articl
Mesozoic–Tertiary exhumation history of the Altai Mountains, northern Xinjiang, China: New constraints from apatite fission track data
No full textThis study uses apatite fission track (FT) analysis to constrain the exhumation history of bedrock samples collected from the Altai Mountains in northern Xinjiang, China. Samples were collected as transects across the main structures related to Palaeozoic crustal accretion events. FT results and modeling identify three stages in sample cooling history spanning the Mesozoic and Tertiary. Stage one records rapid cooling to the low temperature part of the fission track partial annealing zone circa 70 ± 10 °C. Stage two, records a period of relative stability with little if any cooling taking place between 75 and 25–20 Ma suggesting the Altai region had been reduced to an area of low relief. Support for this can be found in the adjacent Junngar Basin that received little if any sediment during this interval. Final stage cooling took place in the Miocene at an accelerated rate bringing the sampled rocks to the Earth's surface. This last stage, linked to the far field effects of the Himalayan collision, most likely generated the surface uplift and relief that define the present-day Altai Mountains
[[alternative]]A Study of Cross-Cultural Competencies of Taiwanese Expatriate Managers in Mainland China
No full text[[abstract]]The purposes of this study were to explore the overseas adaptation status quo and the cross-cultural competencies of expatriate managers in Mainland China. In order to reach these purposes, both in-depth interview and Delphi survey were conducted to collect data. Consequently, the following six conclusions were made:(1) The expatriate must improve managerial competencies and professional core techniques; (2)Schooling problems of expatriate’s children have not been solved; (3) The expatriate must set an example and to guide Mainland China employees to appropriately perform; (4)Personality is the most important cross-cultural competency; (5)The expatriate must construct subsidiary's administrative mechanism through resource allocation, independent work, coordination , and promoting the execution strength of enterprise's policy; (6)Facing the potential cross-culture impact in the future, the expatriate must demonstrate professional core techniques, familiarize with management regulation of enterprises in Mainland China, adapt to the working environment there well, and keep good interactions with peers in Mainland China.
Recommended from our members
Playing cards with Cézanne : how the contemporary artists of China copy and recreate
No full texttextMy dissertation investigates the concepts and techniques of “copying” and appropriation in contemporary Chinese art, which, despite its phenomenal growth, has seldom been credited as original. Critics either condemn the Chinese artists’ willingness to appropriate from others as a lack of individuality, or declare it as a peculiarly “Chinese” quality. This paper, instead, argues that the Chinese artists deliberately adopt such “copying” as a visual strategy, in order to reexamine the traditions they “borrowed”, to reflect on their own cultural status in the modern world, and to challenge the conventional concept of originality--namely, to show that originality is not created by irreducible individuality or mystified inspiration, but by the author’s choice as well as manipulation of contexts. This strategy, I argue, is essential to the proper evaluation and interpretation of contemporary Chinese artworks. The first two chapters of my dissertation focus on laying out the context from which this art grows. I review how the ideas, styles and institutional structures of western modern art were imitated, questioned and redefined by the Chinese artists, from 1978 to the present; I then examine the conceptual complexity of originality and “copying” in the theories of modernism, postmodernism, postcolonialism and in traditional Chinese art. The next two chapters focus on, respectively, calligraphy and photography in contemporary Chinese art, both of which contain the paradox between originality and “copying” in their very nature. The works of four artists, Xu Bing, Qiu Zhijie, Hong Hao and Zhao Bandi, are discussed in details. Xu's site-specific reproduction of “pseudo characters” manage to engage its targeted audiences, psychologically and physically; Qiu's obsessive yet futile copying of a canon of calligraphy returns the act of writing to its essence--a physical pursuit of one's spiritual state of being; Hong's photographic emulation of an ancient masterpiece suggests that painting may excel photography in its ability to portray a grand cityscape; Zhao’s simulacrum of pop culture paradigms enables him to evade political censorship, and to have an substantial yet ironic impact in a broader public sphere. Each of these works has made a unique contribution to the redefinition of artistic originality.Comparative Literatur
Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Ailao Shan-Red River fault (SE Tibet): implications for kinematic change during plateau growth
No full textSurface uplift, river incision, shear zone exhumation, and displacement along active faults have all interacted to shape the modern landscape in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The Ailao Shan-Red River fault, a major structure in the tectonic evolution of southeastern Asia, is an excellent recorder of these processes. We present new stratigraphic, structural, and low-temperature thermochronologic data to explore its late Cenozoic tectonic and geomorphic evolution. The stratigraphic and structural observations indicate that the major bend in the fault was a releasing bend with significant Miocene sedimentation in the early–middle Miocene but became a restraining bend with abundant shortening structures developed after the late Miocene reversal of displacement. We also document exhumation of the shear zone from two low-temperature thermochronologic transects. New apatite (U-Th)/He(AHe) data and published thermochronologic results reveal two accelerated cooling episodes, backed by stratigraphic and geomorphic observations. The first rapid cooling phase occurred from ca. 27 to 17 Ma with removal of cover rocks and exhumation of the shear zone. The second accelerated cooling episode revealed by our AHe data commenced at 14–13 Ma, lasting 2–3 Myr. The Ailao Shan range may have risen to its modern elevation with high-relief topography developing due to river incision. We interpret the onset of this rapid exhumation to reflect renewed plateau growth associated with lower crustal flow
我國職業訓練師資培育問題之研究
No full text[[abstract]]本研究以職業訓練師資應具備之資格條件與能力水準為基礎，探討適格職業訓練師培
育制度，參酌我國職業訓練師資培育現況，進而建議我國職業訓練師資培育機構之未
來發展型態。
經彙整文獻資料及調查意見之後，本研究擬下列各項具體建議：
（一）職業訓練師資資格條件。
（二）職業訓練師資能力水準檢核表。
（三）職業訓練師資培育體系。
（四）職業訓練師資培肓之課程計劃。
（五）職業訓練師資培育之學員來源。
（六）職業訓練師資培育之學員待遇。
（七）職業訓練師資培育之平時考核辦法。
（八）職業訓練師資格考試項目。
（九）職業訓練師資任用辦法。
Lower Bounds on the Correlation Property for OFDM Sequences with Spectral-Null Constraints
No full text結構性科學探討的教學理論及應用
No full text[[abstract]]本研究是針對科學教育所應發展的正確方向，提出結構性科學探討的教學理論。研究
方法分為理論分析和貫徹研究兩類。主要研究結果有下列數項：
１•綜合科學史發展的多種證據，充分闡明結構性科學探討的重要性。
２•根據三種科學方法論驗證觀念的比較研究，顯示結構性科學探討的合法性與必要
性。
３•依據格式塔心理學、皮亞傑發展認識論、訊息處理模式，以及問題解決教學研究
等心理學之理論，確立了結構性科學探討教學的可能性。
４•基於科學探討是理論－實驗－技術三者密切結合，相互規則的性質，本研究據此
形成結構性科學探討教學模式，將科學探討區分為思想實驗和實設實驗兩大階段，並
且提出「假設檢核表」，供學生做為進行思想實驗的後思法。
５•本論文以兩種實驗設計進行以下的驗證，結構性科學探討教學模式（１）是否是
有價值，（２）是否具有不同於其它正規教學模式的特殊功能。其主要發現為：結構
性科學探討教學模式與都訂自然科學課程教學相比較，在培養專題研究實驗設計三方
面能力－邏輯結構、下操作型定義、和控制變因，均為接受結構性科學探討教學模式
的學生較優。在與其它以「統整」為取向的專題探討教學模式相較，則只有「假設－
驗證」的邏輯結構性較優。這兩個現象顯示，本教學理論所主張的：「統整」的科學
探討必須在「統整」的活動中教導才會有效，是符合事實的見解。此外利用「假設檢
核表」進行思想實驗，確實是有效的提高「專題研究實驗設計能力」的邏輯結構性。
６•為瞭解結構性科學探討教學模式對各重要變項因某關係的見解是否符合實際資料
，本論文以線性結構關係（ＬＩＳＲＥＬ）因果模式適合度之分析進行驗證。其主要
發為：本果果模式是適切的，故可供建立自然科學教學理論參考。
論文最後提出有關應用結構性科學探討教學模式的原則，以及未來研究方向的建議。
國民中學綜合活動學習領域課程綱要實施現況調查研究
No full text[[abstract]]Abstract
The purpose of this study is to discuss the cognition and knowing of the junior high school Integrative activities teachers on the present implementation, also the real implementation situation of Garde 1-9 Curriculum in school.
And then to discuss the understandings of the Integrative Activities Teachers on the implementation situation and efficiency.
Suggestions are made for the reference of the Education Administration Institutes, administrators and Integrative Activities Teachers in school.
Questionnaire survey is adopted in this research. Through literature reviews, composition and testing of the research tool, the data is dealt with stastics analyze.
The research utilizes the method of questionnaire survey.
Through the ways of related-articles collecting, analyzing, and summarizing, the tools of research was developed and tested; the data of questionnaire was analyzed and summarized by statistics method.
The tool of this research is the self-composed “Survey Questionnaire on the Junior High School Integrative Activity Domain curriculum summary of the implementation About Current situation”.
Total 141 schools, distributing all over the northern, the central, the southern, and the eastern Taiwan, as well as the islands region of Taiwan, are selected by sampling. Among them, 712 teachers in the filed are formally set a target of this questionnaire. .
In the end, total 452 questionnaire were responding and collected as effective data (63.48% of the returning rate). The data was analyzed through statistics distribution method–they are independent-sample t-test,one-way independent-sample ANOVA, and Scheffe’s post-hoc comparison.
1. The self-assessment of the integrative activities learning area teachers
(1) The attitude toward the School Curriculum Plan and Implementation is positive and affirmative. M=2.60
(2) The attitude toward the integrative activities learning area curriculum implementation is positive and affirmative. M=2.79
(3) Generally, the integrative activities learning area teachers hold positive and affirmative attitude toward the Curriculum Guidelines.
2 Different factors of school background
(1) School curriculum planning and implementation
a. The size of the school, the location of the school and the teaching style didn't reach distinct difference on the curriculum planning, curriculum implementation and its necessaries.
b. The urban area, the far-off area and the normal area reach distinct difference on curriculum implementation and necessaries.
(2) Domain Curriculum Implementation
a. The size of the school didn't reach distinct difference on the factors of Domain Curriculum Implementation.
b. The school teaching style reaches distinct difference on the factors of Domain Curriculum Implementation.
The whole domain teaching is better than partly-separated and completely-separated subjects teaching.
c. The school location reaches distinct difference on the factors of Domain Origination Working and Teaching Approach Design & Selection.
The northern and central areas are better than the eastern area. The urban is better the far-off.
(3) Integrative Activities Teachers have to take classes of other domains.
3. Different factors of teacher background
(1) The gender of the teacher, the highest record of formal schooling, the teacher cultivation organization and the specialties of the teacher reach no distinct difference on the school curriculum planning and implementation and Domain Curriculum Implementation.
(2) Teachers who have more than fifteen years of teaching and less than five years reach distinct difference on the school curriculum planning and implementation and Domain Curriculum Implementation.
(3) Whether the subject is a memer in the Curriculum Development Committee reaches the distinct difference on Curriculum Planning of school curriculum planning and implementation.
Mechanical forces and magnetic field simulation of transformer with finite element method
No full text- …
