6,044 research outputs found
Publication Bias Against Null Results
No full textStudies suggest a bias against the publication of null (p > .05) results. Instead of significance, we advocate reporting effect sizes and confidence intervals, and using replication studies. If statistical tests are used, power tests should accompany them.publication, bias, null results
No Tukey reduction of Lebesgue null to Silver null sets
No full text We prove that consistently the Lebesgue null ideal is not Tukey reducible to the Silver null ideal. This contrasts with the situation for the meager ideal which, by a recent result of the author, Spinas [Silver trees and Cohen reals, Israel J. Math. 211 (2016) 473–480] is Tukey reducible to the Silver ideal. </jats:p
Replication Data for: Protesting via The Null Ballot: An Assessment of the Decision to Cast an Invalid Vote in Latin America
No full textReplication data sets and do files for the paper, "Protesting via The Null Ballot: An Assessment of the Decision to Cast an Invalid Vote in Latin America
Replication Data for: Protesting via The Null Ballot: An Assessment of the Decision to Cast an Invalid Vote in Latin America
No full textReplication data sets and do files for the paper, "Protesting via The Null Ballot: An Assessment of the Decision to Cast an Invalid Vote in Latin America
Interpreting null findings from trials of alcohol brief interventions
No full textThe effectiveness of alcohol brief intervention (ABI) has been established by a succession of meta-analyses but, because the effects of ABI are small, null findings from randomized controlled trials are often reported and can sometimes lead to skepticism regarding the benefits of ABI in routine practice. This article first explains why null findings are likely to occur under null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) due to the phenomenon known as ‘the dance of the p-values’. A number of misconceptions about null findings are then described, using as an example the way in which the results of the primary care arm of a recent cluster randomized trial of ABI in England (the SIPS project) have been misunderstood. These misinterpretations include the fallacy of ‘proving the null hypothesis’ that lack of a significant difference between the means of sample groups can be taken as evidence of no difference between their population means, and the possible effects of this and related misunderstandings of the SIPS findings are examined. The mistaken inference that reductions in alcohol consumption seen in control groups from baseline to follow-up are evidence of real effects of control group procedures is then discussed and other possible reasons for such reductions, including regression to the mean, research participation effects, historical trends, and assessment reactivity, are described. From the standpoint of scientific progress, the chief problem about null findings under the conventional NHST approach is that it is not possible to distinguish ‘evidence of absence’ from ‘absence of evidence’. By contrast, under a Bayesian approach, such a distinction is possible and it is explained how this approach could classify ABIs in particular settings or among particular populations as either truly ineffective or as of unknown effectiveness, thus accelerating progress in the field of ABI research
Anxious, Dismal, Giddy, Aggressive: Seth Kim-Cohen interviewed by Mark Peter Wright for Ear Room.
No full textA conversation with author Seth Kim-Cohen
Judith Cohen, art historian and author of Cowtown Moderne
No full textAuthor and art historian Judith (Judy) Cohen sits on a reproduction Le Corbusier chaise from her personal collection of Art Deco style pieces. The railing seen behind her is made from a decorative grill from the restaurant in the Striplings building and the grate on the wall in the background is from the Aviation Building, which was located at Seventh and Main streets. She is the author of the book Cowtown Moderne.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_startelegram1990s/1123/thumbnail.jp
Judith Cohen, art historian and author of Cowtown Moderne
No full textAuthor and art historian Judith (Judy) Cohen sits on a reproduction Le Corbusier chaise from her personal collection of Art Deco style pieces. The railing seen behind her is made from a decorative grill from the restaurant in the Striplings building and the grate on the wall in the background is from the Aviation Building, which was located at Seventh and Main streets. She is seen holding her book Cowtown Moderne in her lap.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_startelegram1990s/1122/thumbnail.jp
Are Null Results Becoming an Endangered Species in Marketing?
No full textditorial procedures in the social and biomedical sciences are said to promote studies that falsely reject the null hypothesis. This problem may also exist in major marketing journals. Of 692 papers using statistical significance tests sampled from the Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, and Journal of Consumer Research between 1974 and 1989, only 7.8% failed to reject the null hypothesis. The percentage of null results declined by one-half from the 1970s to the 1980s. The JM and the JMR registered marked decreases. The small percentage of insignificant results could not be explained as being due to inadequate statistical power. Various scholars have claimed that editorial policies in the social and medical sciences are biased against studies reporting null results, and thus encourage the proliferation of Type 1 errors (erroneous rejection of the null hypothesis). Greenwald (1975, p. 15) maintains that Type I publication errors are underestimated to the extent that they are: “. . . frightening, even calling into question the scientific basis for much published literature.” Our paper examines the publication frequency of null results in marketing. First, we discuss how editorial policies might foster an atmosphere receptive to Type I error proliferation. Second, we review the evidence on the publication of null results in the social and biomedical sciences. Third, we report on an empirical investigation of the publication frequency of null results in the marketing literature. Fourth, we examine power levels for statistically insignificant findings in marketing to see if they are underpowered and thus less deserving of publication. Finally, we provide suggestions to facilitate the publication of null results.File Drawer Problem, Null Results, Publication Bias, Statistical Power Analysis, Statistical Significance
Is the discount on the secondary market a case for LDC debt relief?
No full textIn 1988, the prices on the secondary market of LDC debt averaged 50 cents per dollar of face value. From the observation of such discount, this paper goes one step further and argues thatthe debt should be written down in order to account for the discrepancy between the face and market value of the debt. The paper is structured as follows. Section 1 spells out the model, section 2 calculates the socially efficient and the post-default growth rates of the economy. Section 3 shows that the lenders, if they were to monitor the investment and the consumption strategy of the borrower, would choose a lower investment strategy than the socially efficient one. Section 4 shows how an optimum rescheduling can achieve the equilibrium described in section 3. Section 5 shows the dynamic inconsistency of the optimal strategy spelled out in section 4, and shows the link with the"debt overhang"literature. Section 6 investigates the empirical relevance of the"debt overhang".Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Strategic Debt Management,Financial Intermediation
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