43 research outputs found
Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation and the food security situation in Sudan: November-December 2022
No full textHighlights:
• The decline in international prices, especially for food commodities, helped to limit overall price inflation in Sudan in November and December 2022. Consequently, the annual inflation rates in these months were lower than the inflation rate in October 2022.
• Local prices of some food commodities noticeably decreased in November 2022 compared to October 2022, especially for cereals (wheat, millet, and sorghum). This decline continued in December 2022.
• Local prices of internationally traded food commodities were affected by the fluctuations in the exchange rate during December 2021 to December 2022.
• Higher inflation rates are observed in relatively unstable states (in urban and rural areas) compared to the national average.
• The monthly inflation rate of food and beverages decreased to 59 percent in November from 70 percent in October 2022 driven by the declining CPI for the bread and cereals group.Non-PRIFPRI1; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; Capacity StrengtheningDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
Terrorism and inbound tourism in Egypt: Economy-wide and distributional impacts
No full textPRIFPRI3; ISI; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; G Cross-cutting gender themeDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
Malaria control and elimination in Kenya: Economy-wide benefits and regional disparities
No full textBackground
Malaria remains a public health problem in Kenya despite several concerted control efforts. Empirical evidence regarding malaria effects in Kenya suggests that the disease imposes substantial economic costs, jeopardizing the achievement of sustainable development goals. The Kenya Malaria Strategy (2019–2023), which is currently being implemented, is one of several sequential malaria control and elimination strategies. The strategy targets reducing malaria incidences and deaths by 75% of the 2016 levels by 2023 through spending around Kenyan Shillings 61.9 billion over 5 years. This paper assesses the economy-wide implications of implementing this strategy.
Methods
An economy-wide simulation model is calibrated to a comprehensive 2019 database for Kenya, considering different epidemiological zones. Two scenarios are simulated with the model. The first scenario (GOVT) simulates the annual costs of implementing the Kenya Malaria Strategy by increasing government expenditure on malaria control and elimination programmes. The second scenario (LABOR) reduces malaria incidences by 75% in all epidemiological malaria zones without accounting for the changes in government expenditure, which translates into rising the household labour endowment (benefits of the strategy).
Results
Implementing the Kenya Malaria Strategy (2019–2023) enhances gross domestic product at the end of the strategy implementation period due to more available labour. In the short term, government health expenditure (direct malaria costs) increases significantly, which is critical in controlling and eliminating malaria. Expanding the health sector raises the demand for production factors, such as labour and capital. The prices for these factors rise, boosting producer and consumer prices of non-health-related products. Consequently, household welfare decreases during the strategy implementation period. In the long run, household labour endowment increases due to reduced malaria incidences and deaths (indirect malaria costs). However, the size of the effects varies across malaria epidemiological and agroecological zones depending on malaria prevalence and factor ownership.
Conclusions
This paper provides policymakers with an ex-ante assessment of the implications of malaria control and elimination on household welfare across various malaria epidemiological zones. These insights assist in developing and implementing related policy measures that reduce the undesirable effects in the short run. Besides, the paper supports an economically beneficial long-term malaria control and elimination effect.PRIFPRI3; ISI; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; Cross-cutting gender theme; DCA; Capacity StrengtheningDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
A post-separation Social Accounting Matrix for the Sudan
No full textThe 2012 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for the Sudan, with a special focus on agriculture, water, and energy, is built using data from domestic sources in the Sudan, including the Central Bureau of Statistics, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, and the Central Bank of Sudan, besides other external sources. Major data sets used include the 2012 National Accounts and Trade Statistics of the CBS, the 53rd Annual Report of the Central Bank of the Sudan, the 2011 Labor Force Survey, the 2009 Household Income and Expenditure Survey, the 2009-2012 Agricultural Production Cost Survey, and the 2005 Industrial Survey. Data from external sources are used to complement national sources. These sources include IMF studies on government finances, FAO reports and data on agriculture, and ILO reports on labor. The SAM distinguishes between agricultural activities based on modes of irrigation, energy based on its major source, and water based on modes of production and types of uses. Land is divided into irrigated and non-irrigated, while natural water resources are added in a separate account. Households are categorized by state, location (rural and urban), and income quintiles. Labor accounts are differentiated based on location (rural and urban), skill level, and gender.Non-PRDCA; IFPRI1; CRP2; EgyptSSP; CRP5; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; The Water Energy Food NexusPIM; DSGDCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE
Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation and the food security situation in Sudan: November-December 2022 [in Arabic]
No full textHighlights:
• The decline in international prices, especially for food commodities, helped to limit overall price inflation in Sudan in November and December 2022. Consequently, the annual inflation rates in these months were lower than the inflation rate in October 2022.
• Local prices of some food commodities noticeably decreased in November 2022 compared to October 2022, especially for cereals (wheat, millet, and sorghum). This decline continued in December 2022.
• Local prices of internationally traded food commodities were affected by the fluctuations in the exchange rate during December 2021 to December 2022.
• Higher inflation rates are observed in relatively unstable states (in urban and rural areas) compared to the national average.
• The monthly inflation rate of food and beverages decreased to 59 percent in November from 70 percent in October 2022 driven by the declining CPI for the bread and cereals group.Non-PRIFPRI1; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; Capacity Strengthening; SSSPDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
Transformation of Sudan's agrifood system structure and drivers
No full textSince the secession of South Sudan in 2011, the Sudanese economy has faced an unprecedented economic downturn caused by the loss of around 75 percent of oil revenue, civil strife, and political instability (Alhelo, Siddig, and Kirui 2023), and more recently, by the impacts of the global COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war (Abay et al. 2023). The political conflict between the civilians and military entities after the fall of the Inghaz regime and the ongoing conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) are driving further deterioration of the economy (Abushama et al. 2023).Non-PRIFPRI1; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; Capacity Strengthening; AFSdiagnosticsDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Foresight and Policy Modeling (FPM); Innovation Policy and Scaling (IPS); Transformation Strategie
Bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: January 2023 [in Arabic]
No full textNon-PRIFPRI1; SSSP; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural EconomiesDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
Quarterly bulletin on food price dynamics, inflation, and the food security situation in Sudan: 2021Q1- 2022Q4
No full text- Average international prices of wheat, sorghum, rice, and sugar slightly increased in Q4 of 2022 compared to Q3. Import parity prices decreased during the same period because of the reduction in the freight cost to Port Sudan.
- Annual inflation2 decreased from three-digit inflation (260.6 percent) in 2022Q1 to 92.6 percent in 2022Q4.
- Quarterly changes in the price of non-volatile commodities (core inflation) 3 increased slightly in Q4 compared to Q3 of 2022 due to the increase in the housing rents, education, communication, and processed food prices.
- Retail prices of food commodities were relatively stable during the last two quarters of 2022 com pared to the previous quarters of 2021 and 2022.
- Nominal wholesale prices of grains in Khartoum State increased gradually from 2021Q2 to reach a peak in 2022Q3, before dropping in real and nominal terms in 2022Q4.
- Although the national average of causal labor daily wage was increasing over time nominally (2021Q2–2022Q4), it was decreasing in real terms in 2022Q4.
- Poorer urban and rural households (bottom 40 percent) were more affected by the changes in the prices of food and beverage commodities during 2022Q4 than richer households (top 60 percent).
- Blue Nile, Darfur, and Eastern regions have the highest food insecure population classified in crisis or emergency.Non-PR2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; IFPRI1; SSSPDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
The architecture of the Sudanese agricultural sector and its contribution to the economy between 1990 and 2021 [in Arabic]
No full textNon-PRIFPRI1; DCA; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; SSSPDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
Nexus assessment for Sudan: Synergies of the water, energy and food sectors
No full textThis report presents the main findings of the Nexus assessment study for Sudan. It identified Water-Energy-Food Nexus priority issues in Sudan, suggested operational guidance to align national strategies, policies and implementation plans within a national Nexus framework, identified opportunities to apply the Nexus approach, including institutional settings and capacity building needs, and suggested a series of Water-Energy-Food Nexus projects in Sudan.Non-PRIFPRI5EPT
