67 research outputs found
Comment on “The effect of migration policy on growth, structural change, and regional inequality in China”, by Hao, Sun, Tombe and Zhu
No full textNon-PRIFPRI5; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural EconomiesPHN
Intimate partner violence against women: A persistent and urgent challenge
No full textNon-PRIFPRI3; ISI; G Cross-cutting gender themePHN
Like father, like son, like mother, like daughter: Intergenerational transmission of intrahousehold gender attitudes in Ethiopia
No full textPRIFPRI3; ISI; G Cross-cutting gender themePHN
Targeting the development of soft skills in developing countries: Evidence from a growing literature
No full textMore and more researchers and policymakers are interested in whether and how a broad array of skills, often summarized as non-cognitive skills, soft skills, life skills, or socioemotional skills, may benefit individuals in educational settings or in the labor market. A large literature in the U.S. and other industrialized countries has identified high returns to non-cognitive skills in the labor market, suggesting that individuals who can successfully develop attributes such as patience, self-control, extraversion, or high aspirations, can benefit from a meaningfully different economic trajectory (Heckman & Kautz, 2012). At the same time, this has raised the question of whether non-cognitive skills are malleable, and subject to development through targeted programs that seek to develop individuals’ competencies along these dimensions.Non-PRIFPRI5PHN
Cost-effectiveness analysis of an intimate partner violence prevention intervention targeting men, women and couples in rural Ethiopia: Evidence from the Unite for a Better Life randomised controlled trial
No full textObjectives: Experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with adverse health and psychosocial outcomes for women. However, rigorous economic evaluations of interventions targeting IPV prevention are rare. This paper analyses the cost-effectiveness of Unite for a Better Life (UBL), a gender-transformative intervention designed to prevent IPV and HIV risk behaviours among men, women and couples. Design: We use an economic evaluation nested within a large-scale cluster randomised controlled trial, analysing financial and economic costs tracked contemporaneously. Setting: UBL was implemented in rural southern Ethiopia between 2013 and 2015. Participants: The randomised controlled trial included 6770 households in 64 villages. Interventions: UBL is an intervention delivered within the context of the Ethiopian coffee ceremony, a culturally established forum for community discussion, and designed to assist participants to build skills for healthy, non-violent, equitable relationships. Primary and secondary outcome measures: This paper reports on the unit cost and cost-effectiveness of the interventions implemented. Cost-effectiveness is measured as the cost per case of past-year physical and/or sexual IPV averted. Results: The estimated annualised cost of developing and implementing UBL was 2015 US74 per individual directly participating in the intervention and 2015 US2726 for the sample of direct beneficiaries, and 2015 US$194 for the sample of all community-level beneficiaries. Conclusions: UBL is an effective and cost-effective intervention for the prevention of IPV in a low and middle-income country setting. Further research should explore strategies to quantify the positive effects of the intervention across other domains.PRIFPRI3; ISI; CRP2; G Cross-cutting gender theme; DCAPHND; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Advancing the agency of adolescent girls
No full textPRIFPRI3; ISI; G Cross-cutting gender themePHND; Poverty, Gender, and Inclusion (PGI); Food and Nutrition Polic
Misallocation, selection, and productivity: A quantitative analysis with panel data from China
No full textWe use household‐level panel data from China and a quantitative framework to document the extent and consequences of factor misallocation in agriculture. We find that there are substantial within‐village frictions in both the land and capital markets linked to land institutions in rural China that disproportionately constrain the more productive farmers. These frictions reduce aggregate agricultural productivity by affecting two key margins: (1) the allocation of resources across farmers (misallocation) and (2) the allocation of workers across sectors, in particular the type of farmers who operate in agriculture (selection). Selection substantially amplifies the productivity effect of distortionary policies by affecting occupational choices that worsen average ability in agriculture.PRIFPRI3; ISI; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural EconomiesPHN
The impact of school-based life skills classes for adolescent girls in India
No full textSchool-based life skills classes can change attitudes, strengthen social connections, and help girls assert more control over their lives while staying in school.Non-PRIFPRI5; G Cross-cutting gender themePHN
Intimate partner violence and maternal health services utilization: Evidence from 36 National Household Surveys
No full textHigh rates of maternal mortality and intimate partner violence (IPV) are both major worldwide health challenges. Evidence from single-country samples suggests that IPV may be an important risk factor for low utilization of maternal health services, but there is little large-scale evidence on this association. This paper evaluates whether IPV is a risk factor for low utilization of maternal health services in a large cross-country sample, and also compiles evidence on the relative effects of different forms of IPV.PRIFPRI3; ISI; G Cross-cutting gender theme; IFPRIOAPHN
Short-term effects of the COVID-19 state of emergency on contraceptive access and utilization in Mozambique
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has increasingly disrupted the global delivery of preventive health care services, as a large number of governments have issued state of emergency orders halting service delivery. However, there is limited evidence on the realized effects of the pandemic and associated emergency orders on access to services in low-income country contexts to date. To address this gap, this paper analyzes administrative data on utilization of contraceptive health services by women referred via community health promoters in two large urban and peri-urban areas of Mozambique. We focus on the period immediately surrounding the national state of emergency declaration linked to the COVID-19 pandemic on March 31, 2020. Data reported for 109,129 women served by 132 unique promoters and 192 unique public health facilities is analyzed using logistic regression, interrupted time series analysis and hazard analysis. The results demonstrate that the imposition of the state of emergency is associated with a modest short-term drop in both service provision and utilization, followed by a relatively rapid rebound. We conclude that in this context, the accessibility of reproductive health services was not dramatically reduced during the first phase of the pandemic-related emergency.PRIFPRI3; ISI; DCA; G Cross-cutting gender themePHN
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