31 research outputs found
Opinion: From 'Look East' and 'Act East', India must 'think big' and 'act big'
No full text“We believe, that trade facilitation and enhanced connectivity can help India realise its untapped export potential with ASEAN. Yet, the full realisation of the potential would only happen when India ups the game on industrial products and technology.”Non-PRIFPRI5; CRP4; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI)SAR; A4NHCGIAR Research Programs on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Don't miss the Bimstec bus
No full textNon-PRIFPRI5; CRP4; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI)SAR; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
ASEAN, SAARC, and the indomitable China in food trade: A gravity model analysis of trade patterns
No full textWe assess food trade among and across two Asian trading blocs, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), and China. Using most recent innovations in the empirical trade model, we find subpar trade for several countries but some over-trading as well, likely driven by weak economic fundamentals determining trade. Further, we find that Bangladesh, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Viet Nam under-export to China, and to nearly all ASEAN and SAARC countries, with the magnitude varying between 40 and 100 percent below the predicted trade levels. While checking for competing explanations, we identify trading pair time variant factors such as tariffs reducing the magnitude of under-exporting of ASEAN and SAARC countries by 1 and 3 percent, respectively. We also highlight unobserved variables such as trust between countries as factors important for strong agricultural trade.Non-PRIFPRI1; CRP2; CRP4; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI); 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food IndustrySAR; A4NH; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH); CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Food trade in Bangladesh, India and Nepal
No full textFood and agricultural trade among different parts of the world can increase access to a wider variety and better quality of agricultural inputs and foods to farmers and consumers at lower prices and increase incomes of farmers and other participants in the value chain. This report* looks at the extent of food trade in Bangladesh, India and Nepal (BIN) among themselves and with the rest of the world using trade data from UN Comtrade (United Nations 2019) from 1996 to 2016. We also food trade in BIN with the neighbouring ASEAN countries who also have high dependence on agriculture. Food here includes a) cereals and vegetables, b) live animals and animal-based and c) processed foods. There is a lot of informal, undocumented trade across the 1751 km long open border between India and Nepal and the 4097 km porous Bangladesh-India border. However, our analysis covers only the formal trade because we do not have reliable estimates of the volume and the value of the informal food trade in the region.
.Non-PRIFPRI1; Foresight for Food Systems in the Eastern Gangetic Plains (EGP)SA
Leaving RCEP: A missed opportunity?
No full textNon-PRIFPRI5; CRP4; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI)SAR; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Agricultural transformation and market integration in the ASEAN region: Responding to food security and inclusiveness concerns
No full textIn this paper, we address the question of the agricultural market integration of Cambodia, Lao, Myanmar, Vietnam, and Philippines (CLMVP) countries within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and its other top trading partners. Using “Trade Potential” and “Competition Indices” indicators in this paper we assess the nature and extent of the agricultural market integration. We identify the exports of CLMVP countries with high export potential and comparatively low competition in export markets. Higher trade potential with lower competition (value or volume) indicates an opportunity of higher returns for agricultural producers. CLMVP countries are characterized by low diversity in agricultural exports. Nearly half of the total agricultural exports from all of them except Laos is contributed by only one commodity. It is found that market integration is an effective way of linking CLMVP smallholders to ASEAN agricultural markets. In addition to that this paper also discusses on tariff and non-tariff policy of CLMVP countries and found that the average tariffs on agri-food imports in CLMVP is 11.8% while it is 9.5% in non-CLMVP among the ASEAN countries. In non-tariff policy, among the CLMVP countries, Philippines shares the maximum number of SPS measures implemented on agricultural goods while Cambodia and Lao PDR did not report any SPS measures implemented by them between 2006 to 2020. Finally, to demonstrate the upward movement in the value chain, possibly due to quality upgradation, we present the dynamics of the unit values of CLMVP’s agricultural exports.Non-PRIFPRI1; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI); 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; CRP2Development Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategies; Foresight and Policy Modeling (FPM); PIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)
India’s pulse policy landscape and its implications for trade
No full textThe paper attempts to fill a knowledge gap by examining India’s pulse complex, consisting of production, consumption, and trade policies. India’s pulse policies are anchored in a cereal-centric farming system and prioritize national self-sufficiency as well as the mitigation of relative price increases in food. On the farmer side, government policy includes price support (a minimum support price [MSP]) for different pulses initially without procurement, but later backed by public procurement. The MSP plus procurement elicited a comparatively high supply response. Without procurement, the MSP worked only to anchor prices and benefit traders at the farmers’ expense. By not accounting for the needed risk premium (for a supply response) the MSP kept domestic production low.
Even as the world’s largest importer of pulses, the scale of pulse imports in India have generally not been large enough to cool its markets and bring down domestic prices. Instantaneous supply adjustments by exporters in response to trade policy changes are difficult.Non-PRIFPRI1; CRP4; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI); 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food IndustrySAR; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
India’s self-sufficiency policies for pulses and their implications for Myanmar
No full textGlobally, India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses, but increasing demand due to population growth has made the country reliant on imports, including from Myanmar. In turn, Myanmar is highly dependent on exports to India. A proposed advance purchase agreement between India and Myanmar in 2016 failed, but revisiting the original proposed purchase agreement could be in the best interest of both countries, as Myanmar could secure a large market for pulses at stable prices and India could ensure its supply of pulses.PRIFPRI1; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; CRP4; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI)SAR; DSGD; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Assessing agricultural market integration of Cambodia within and beyond ASEAN
No full textIn this paper, we address the question of the agricultural market integration of Cambodia within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and its other top trading partners. Focusing on agricultural trade, we use two indicators, namely, “Trade Potential” and “Competition Indices,” to assess the nature and extent of the integration. More specifically, we identify the exports of Cambodia with high export potential and comparatively low competition in export markets. Higher trade potential with lower competition (value or volume) indicates an opportunity of higher returns for agricultural producers. In the case of Cambodia, “maize,”and “starches” are identified as high-potential exports with lower intra-ASEAN competition. There is also scope for regional cooperation in traditional exports such as “rice,” “manioc (cassava),” “molasses,” and “pepper” between Cambodia and other Southeast Asian countries for which both the export potential and intra-ASEAN competition are high. Finally, to demonstrate the upward movement in the value chain, possibly due to quality upgradation, we present the dynamics of the unit values of Cambodia’s agricultural exports.Non-PRIFPRI1; DCA; CRP2; CRP4; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI)SAR; A4NH; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH); CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Market integration with ASEAN and beyond: The case of Myanmar
No full textIn this paper, we address the question of market integration of Myanmar with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and its other top trading partners. Focusing on agricultural trade, we use indicators – ‘Trade Potential’ and ‘Competition Indices’ to assess the nature and extent of the integration. This study highlights the exports of Myanmar which are competitive in the ASEAN markets and have high export potential. A higher trade potential with lower competition (value or volume) would indicate an opportunity for higher returns for agricultural producers. In the case of Myanmar, “dried legumes and beans,” “crustaceans,” “frozen fish,” “other oilseeds,” “maize,” and “preserved fruits and nuts” are identified as high-potential exports with lower competition in ASEAN markets which can be targeted for trade expansion. Finally, to demonstrate the upward movement in the value chain, possibly due to quality upgradation, we present the dynamics of the unit value of Myanmar’s agricultural exports.Non-PRIFPRI1; CRP4; DCA; CRP2; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI)SAR; A4NH; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH); CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
