188 research outputs found
Robert Payne, Zero. The Story of Terrorism, Converpage, 2011, (I ed. Wingate, 1951)
No full textRecension
Un nuovo medio oriente? Dall’accordo segreto Sykes-Picot al progetto per un “Nuovo Secolo Americano”
No full textSergej Lavrov, Ministro degli Affari Esteri della Federazione Russa, alla 7a Conferenza sulla Sicurezza Internazionale di Mosca, il 4 aprile 2018, ha dichiarato: “Si ha la netta sensazione che gli Stati Uniti stiano cercando di mantenere in questo immenso spazio geopolitico [il Medio Oriente] un caos controllato, con la speranza di poterlo utilizzare per giustificare la propria presenza militare nella regione per un tempo illimitato e per dettarvi la propria agenda”. L’idea di fondo è semplice: sostituire agli stati ereditati dal crollo dell’Impero ottomano delle entità più piccole a carattere monoetnico e neutralizzare questi ministati elaborandoli in modo permanente gli uni contro gli altri. In altri termini, si tratta di ritornare al patto condiviso segretamente, nel 1916, dall’Impero francese e quello britannico, detto accordo di Sykes-Picot e di consacrare il dominio e la sovranità totale degli anglosassoni sulla regione. Ma per definire nuovi Stati, ancora inesistenti, bisogna distruggere quelli che esistono. Questo libro intende illustrare i progetti che si sono succeduti, fino ai giorni nostri, per rendere operativo questo disegno politico nel quadrante mediorientale
Sovranità dislocate: Foucault contro il Leviatano
No full textMichel Foucault’s research is one of the most innovative and interesting experiments of political thought beyond Leviathan. Indeed, Foucault argues for the need to abandon a model of analysis of power based on the central role of state sovereignty and its predominantly repressive action («What we need is a political philosophy that is not built around the problem of sovereignty, therefore of the law, therefore of interdiction. We must cut the king’s head: it has not yet been done in political theory»). For Hobbes, on the contrary, the sovereign power is absolute (legibus solutus), otherwise it cannot be defined sovereign, and the modern rule of law is born thanks to a pact between the associates in order to overcome the state of nature in which men find themselves to have all of them the same rights over everything and engage in a war that sees everyone against all (bellum omnium contra omnes). Tese are two models of analysis of the concept of “sovereignty”, and therefore of power, apparently opposed to each other but actually displaced on different levels and, therefore, superimposable. Tis article aims to highlight the salient features of the two paradigms of “sovereignty” in Foucault and Hobbes
Gilles Deleuze, Il potere. Corso su Michel Foucault (1985-1986), volume 2, Ombre Corte. Verona, 2018
No full textRecensione delle lezioni sul potere che costituiscono la seconda parte del Corso che Gilles Deleuze dedicò all'opera dell'amico Michel Foucault
Antonio Socci. Il segreto di Benedetto XVI. Perché è ancora Papa, Rizzoli, 2018
No full textRecensione libro Antonio Socci, Il segreto di Benedetto XVI. Perché è ancora Papa, Rizzoli, 201
Aspetti del totalitarismo nell'analisi di Herbert Marcuse
No full textIl ragionamento di Marcuse affonda le sue radici nella tradizione hegelo-marxista ed è costruito attorno al concetto di “totalità”: il filosofo tedesco interpreta infatti il capitalismo come un sistema che coinvolge la totalità delle relazioni sociali. Contrariamente alle versioni liberali del termine, che tendono a identificare nel “totalitarismo” una forma politica opposta al capitalismo liberale, l’espressione è utilizzata da Marcuse come concetto generale che serve a spiegare la nuova tendenza del sistema capitalistico, tendenza che si manifesta in forme storiche diverse, in ‘personificazioni’ della totalità (nazismo, fascismo, comunismo sovietico e Welfare State che, pur nella loro specificità, sono il frutto dello sviluppo in senso monopolistico del capitale
The role of health technology assessment bodies in shaping drug development
No full textThe use of health technology assessment (HTA) to inform policy-making is established in most developed countries. Compared to licensing agencies, HTA agencies have different interests and, therefore, different evidence requirements. Criteria for coverage or reimbursement decisions on pharmaceutical compounds vary; however, it is common to include, as part of the HTA, a comparative effectiveness evaluation. This type of clinical data might go beyond that required for market authorization, thus creating an additional evidence gap between the regulatory and the reimbursement submission. The relevance of submissions to HTA agencies is consistently increasing in a pharmaceutical company's perspective, as market prospects are strongly influenced by third-party payers' coverage. In this study, we aim to describe current HTA activities with a potential impact throughout the drug development process of pharmaceuticals, with a comparative emphasis on the systems in place in Italy and in the UK. Based on an extensive literature and website review, we identified three major classes of HTA activities, beyond mainstream HTA, with the potential to influence the drug development program: 1) horizon scanning and early HTA; 2) bipartite and tripartite early dialogue between manufacturers, regulators, and HTA assessors; and 3) managed market entry agreements. From early stages of clinical research up to postauthorization studies, there is a trend toward increased collaboration between parties, anticipation of market access evidence collection, and postmarketing risk-sharing. Heterogeneity of HTA practices increases the complexity of the market access environment. Overall, there are signals that market access departments are gaining importance in the pharmaceutical companies, but there is still a lack of evidence and reporting on how the increasing relevance of HTA has reshaped the way clinical development is designed and managed
No free lunch, buddy: past housing transfers and informal care later in life
No full textPrevious empirical literature on the relation between intergenerational transfer of assets and services has mostly focused on contemporary exchanges. By contrast, we provide novel evidence showing that parents who helped their adult children in the past are rewarded by higher chances of receiving informal care later in life. To this end we use Italian data containing precise retrospective information about the help with housing that couples received from their parents when they got married, such as a real estate donation or down payment. Our estimates show that this type of past help is positively associated with the current provision of informal care to the parents. This result is robust to controlling for a large set of individual and family characteristics and is only partially due to increased geographical proximity. We suggest that this finding can be explained by mixed self-interest motives, related to theories based on either bilateral exchange or the presence of a third generation (grandchildren), such as the demonstration effect model or the family constitution model
Value attribution for combination treatments: two potential solutions for an insoluble problem
No full textValue Attribution for Combination Treatments: Two Potential Solutions for an Insoluble Proble
Gene flow by selective emigration as a possible cause for personality differences between small islands and mainland populations
No full textWhether personality differences exist between populations is a controversial question. Even though such differences can be measured, it is still not clear whether they are due to individual phenotypic responses to the environment or whether they have a genetic influence. In a population survey we compared the personality traits of inhabitants of an Italian archipelago (the three Egadi islands; N=622) with those of the closest mainland population (Trapani area; N=106) and we found that personality differences between small populations can be detected. Islanders scored significantly lower on the personality traits of openness to experience and extraversion and higher on conscientiousness. We suggest that these personality trait differences could be an adaptive response to a confined socio-environmental niche, genetically produced by a strong, non-random gene flow in the last 20–25 generations, rather than the flexible response of islanders to environmental variables. To test this hypothesis, we compared subsets of the islander population classified by ancestry, birthplace, immigration and emigration and found that differences in extraversion can be accounted for by gene flow, while openness to experience and conscientiousness can also be accounted for by some gene–environment interactions. We propose a Personality Gene Flow hypothesis suggesting that, in small isolated communities, whenever there is strong, non-random emigration, paired with weak and random immigration, we can expect rapid genetic personality change within the population
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