991 research outputs found
United nations' legal framework of humanitarian assistance
No full textSince the end of the cold war, the United Nations (UN) System in regard to humanitarian assistance developed incredibly fast. Numerous resolutions of the Security Council, the General Assembly and the Economic and Social Council have been adopted and specialized bodies like the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs have been established. Though this forest of humanitarian-related norms within the UN system is constantly developing, two landmark resolutions of the General Assembly are of major importance: (1) An Agenda for Peace (A/RES/47/120[B]) and (2) Strengthening of the coordination of humanitarian emergency assistance of the United Nations (A/RES/46/182). While resolution 47/120 further developed the concept and the UN strategy of humanitarian assistance, the latter resolution took concrete action by creating the position of the Emergency Relief Coordinator and the Inter-Agency Standing Committee. These resolutions prepared the ground for the internationally coordinated humanitarian action we know today.</p
Ethics: Big Data for the Common Good and for Humanity
No full textThe power of data can be used for good and bad purposes. Roberto Zicari and Andrej Zwitter have formulated five principles of Big Data Ethics
Ethics:Big Data for the Common Good and for Humanity
No full textThe power of data can be used for good and bad purposes. Roberto Zicari and Andrej Zwitter have formulated five principles of Big Data Ethics
The health and food context
No full textThis book presents a new framework of analysis to assess natural and man-made disasters and humanitarian crises, and the feasibility of interventions in these complex emergencies.The past half-century has witnessed a dramatic increase in such crises - such as in Haiti, Iraq and Sudan - and this volume aims to pioneer a theory-based, interdisciplinary framework that can assist students and practitioners in the field to acquire the skills and expertise necessary for evidence-based decision-making and programming in humanitarian action. It has four major objectives: •To provide a tool for diagnosing and understanding complex emergencies, and build on the concepts of state security and human security to provide a ‘Snap-Shot Analysis’ of the status quo; •To provide a tool for analysing the causes of crises as well as the related stakeholder field;•To provide a frame to structure and analyse the information required to evaluate, monitor and/or design interventions for different actors on a project and/or programme level;•To combine concepts used in the humanitarian field with underlying theory in a practically relevant way. The book will be of much interest to students of humanitarian intervention, human security, peacebuilding, development studies, peace studies and IR in general.Table of contents:1. Introduction: The Need for Evidence-based Programming in Humanitarian Action, Liesbet Heyse, Andrej Zwitter, Rafael Wittek and Joost Herman2. Existing frameworks for humanitarian crisis analysis, Liesbet Heyse 3. Context analysis and securitization, Andrej Zwitter and Joost Herman 4. From theory to analysis: H-AID methodology, Rafael Wittek and Andrej Zwitter 5. Conducting a Comprehensive Context Analysis (CCA), Andrej Zwitter 6. The political context, Chris K. Lamont 7. The economic context, Fleur S. Mulder and Bartjan J.W. Pennink 8. The social context, Cécile W.J. de Milliano and Barbara Boudewijnse 9. The health and food context, Rensia R. Bakker 10. The environmental context, Peter D.M. Weesie 11. From context analysis to intervention design, Liesbet Heyse 12. Stakeholder analysis: towards feasible interventions, Rafael Wittek 13. Monitoring, evaluation and learning in humanitarian organizations, Chamutal Afek-Eitam and Adriaan Ferf Conclusion, Liesbet Heyse, Andrej Zwitter, Rafael Wittek and Joost Herma
The health and food context
No full textThis book presents a new framework of analysis to assess natural and man-made disasters and humanitarian crises, and the feasibility of interventions in these complex emergencies.The past half-century has witnessed a dramatic increase in such crises - such as in Haiti, Iraq and Sudan - and this volume aims to pioneer a theory-based, interdisciplinary framework that can assist students and practitioners in the field to acquire the skills and expertise necessary for evidence-based decision-making and programming in humanitarian action. It has four major objectives: •To provide a tool for diagnosing and understanding complex emergencies, and build on the concepts of state security and human security to provide a ‘Snap-Shot Analysis’ of the status quo; •To provide a tool for analysing the causes of crises as well as the related stakeholder field;•To provide a frame to structure and analyse the information required to evaluate, monitor and/or design interventions for different actors on a project and/or programme level;•To combine concepts used in the humanitarian field with underlying theory in a practically relevant way. The book will be of much interest to students of humanitarian intervention, human security, peacebuilding, development studies, peace studies and IR in general.Table of contents:1. Introduction: The Need for Evidence-based Programming in Humanitarian Action, Liesbet Heyse, Andrej Zwitter, Rafael Wittek and Joost Herman2. Existing frameworks for humanitarian crisis analysis, Liesbet Heyse 3. Context analysis and securitization, Andrej Zwitter and Joost Herman 4. From theory to analysis: H-AID methodology, Rafael Wittek and Andrej Zwitter 5. Conducting a Comprehensive Context Analysis (CCA), Andrej Zwitter 6. The political context, Chris K. Lamont 7. The economic context, Fleur S. Mulder and Bartjan J.W. Pennink 8. The social context, Cécile W.J. de Milliano and Barbara Boudewijnse 9. The health and food context, Rensia R. Bakker 10. The environmental context, Peter D.M. Weesie 11. From context analysis to intervention design, Liesbet Heyse 12. Stakeholder analysis: towards feasible interventions, Rafael Wittek 13. Monitoring, evaluation and learning in humanitarian organizations, Chamutal Afek-Eitam and Adriaan Ferf Conclusion, Liesbet Heyse, Andrej Zwitter, Rafael Wittek and Joost Herma
Big Data and the humanitarian sector:Emerging trends and persistent challenges
Full text linkIn this chapter we use the example of humanitarian action as a sector that can benefit from the growing amount of data. Humanitarian action has been using Big Data for years and dealt with its challenges in various guidelines and handbooks. Still, the humanitarian community often struggles with gaining access to Big Data owned by private companies. A dependency on the private sector reveals crucial ethical questions and can jeopardise the core humanitarian principles. Such a dependency on the private sector is endangering humanitarian principles and leads to an unequal power-relation between the humanitarian community and the private sector. This suggests that with the emergence of new corporate actors in the humanitarian domain, it is more important than ever to instil an understanding of the role and importance of the humanitarian principles. Otherwise, data philanthropy becomes a tool of ethical whitewashing, while data corporations see humanitarian battlefields as emerging markets of opportunity and human suffering as a form of demand
Governing Digital Twin technology for smart and sustainable tourism:A case study in applying a documentation framework for architecture decisions
Full text linkAs one of the emerging concepts in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and the Internet of Things (IoT), Digital Twin (DT) technology can predict system responses before they occur. Considering the rapid growth of new information and technology (ICT) applications in the tourism industry and the digitisation through IoT, we suggest the potential of DT implementation in smart and sustainable tourism. By utilising Big Data and other supporting resources, stakeholders will be able to create a virtual representation of a relevant region both by analysing the flow of visitor activity and by determining the impact of their geographic and temporal patterns on other aspects and policies. However, we are also aware that compliance with regulations and communication among stakeholders have become important issues for software systems. Therefore, this chapter proposes both a conceptual framework for DT on smart and sustainable tourism and a documentation framework for architectural decisions to govern such a system
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