335 research outputs found
Intergenerational continuity of ethnic segregation: Socio-spatial assimilation of third generation immigrants in the Netherlands
Get PDFEthnic segregation continues to be a persistent feature of Western European cities (e.g. Jivraj & Khan, 2015; Lymperopoulou & Finney, 2017; Zwiers et al., 2018a). Ethnic segregation is often understood as the result of a lack of socio-spatial assimilation and is thought to have hampering effects on social integration, mobility, and interethnic contact, thereby posing a threat to inclusive diverse societies (Kaplan & Douzet, 2011; Monkkonen & Zhang, 2013; Van Ham & Tammaru 2016). In 2016, the four largest ethnic groups in the Netherlands – Moroccans, Turks, Surinamese, and Antilleans – comprised 7.6% of the total population (Statistics Netherlands, 2017). This relatively small share of the population tends to be overrepresented in particular (deprived) neighborhoods where they comprise half of the population (Zwiers et al., 2018a). Patterns of ethnic segregation of these four ethnic groups have remained relatively stable in the Netherlands over the past few decades (Zwiers et al., 2018a). Ethnic segregation is often viewed as the result of a process of assimilation that develops over the course of generations (Peach, 1996). As the first generation tends to concentrate in particular neighborhoods after recent immigration, the second generation generally shows more spatial dispersal and movement to more mixed neighborhoods (e.g. Massey, 1985). Indeed, many studies confirm that second generation immigrants show more spatial mobility into non-concentration neighborhoods as a result of socioeconomic assimilation (e.g. Bolt & Van Kempen, 2010a; South et al., 2005). However, these findings only apply to a small share of immigrants, as most immigrants continue to lag behind in educational and labor market outcomes compared to the native population (Huijnk & Andriessen, 2016; Statistics Netherlands, 2016b). It has been argued that this lack of socioeconomic assimilation inhibits their socio-spatial mobility, explaining the persistence of ethnic concentration neighborhoods in the Netherlands (Bolt & Van Kempen 2010a).
In the Dutch context, this idea of gradual social and economic assimilation over the course of generations is implicitly captured in the official definition of ethnicity (Kooiman et al., 2012). In the Netherlands, an individual is considered to be an ethnic minority when he/she has at least one parent abroad, distinguishing between those born abroad themselves (first generation) and those born in the Netherlands (second generation) (Statistics Netherlands, 2016a). According to this definition, third generation immigrants who are born in the Netherlands and whose parents are both born in the Netherlands, but with one or more grandparents from an immigrant background, are defined as native Dutch (Statistics Netherlands, 2016c). Behind this definition of ethnic group membership lies the assumption that third generation immigrants are socially, economically, and culturally integrated into Dutch society. According to the spatial assimilation hypothesis, this would be reflected in spatial integration as well, meaning that the third generation would predominantly live in non-concentration and more ethnically mixed neighborhoods, leading to decreasing levels of ethnic segregation. However, to date, there are no studies that have analyzed the socio-spatial behavior and outcomes of third generation immigrants in the Netherlands.
The official definition of ethnicity also has important empirical consequences. Because third generation individuals are not included as minority group members in the definition of ethnicity, they tend to ‘disappear’ in official statistics (cf. Kesler & Schwartzman, 2015). As a result, it is unclear how the residential mobility behavior of third generation immigrants will affect ethnic segregation. When second generation immigrants have children, the share of immigrants in a neighborhood will decrease as these children are officially defined as native Dutch. In addition, when third generation immigrants move into ethnic concentration neighborhoods, statistically, this would be interpreted as an inflow native Dutch, decreasing the share of immigrants in a neighborhood. Third generation immigrants might, however, still be very different from the native Dutch population in cultural, social, and economic terms. Neighborhoods with high shares of third generation immigrants might be considered as ethnically diverse - or even ethnic concentration - neighborhoods by other residents, thereby affecting the neighborhood preferences and/or residential mobility behavior of other ethnic groups (cf. Schelling, 1971). Processes of ‘White flight’ or ‘White avoidance’ in response to the residential mobility behavior of third generation immigrants might have additional effects on ethnic segregation (Crowder & South, 2008; South & Crowder, 1998).
The main aim of the present study is to explore the extent to which the definition of ethnicity influences conclusions about ethnic segregation by focusing on the residential patterns of third generation immigrants in the 31 largest Dutch cities between 1999 and 2013. The analysis consists of two parts: first, aggregate statistics of the share of third generation immigrants in different types of neighborhoods are analyzed which shows that ethnic concentration neighborhoods will most likely see the largest increase in the share of third generation immigrants over time. Second, I focused on third generation home-leavers and their spatial mobility behavior which contributes to our understanding of intergenerational processes of socio-spatial assimilation. My findings show that third generation immigrants continue to be overrepresented in ethnic concentration neighborhoods which raises questions about the assumed unidirectional process of socio-spatial assimilation. Ethnic segregation seems to be the continuing trend among third generation immigrants. The official definition of ethnicity in the Netherlands, which assumes socio-spatial assimilation, seems to mask the persistent intergenerational continuity of ethnic segregation
Trajectories of neighborhood change
Get PDFNeighborhoods represent a scale at which inequalities are reflected in the unequal spatial distribution of ethnic and income groups across urban space. However, neighborhoods are not static entities and spatial patterns of socioeconomic and ethnic inequality shift over time as a result of processes of neighborhood change. This dissertation has adopted a longitudinal approach to analyze patterns of neighborhood change on a relatively low spatial scale. This dissertation illustrates that neighborhoods remain relatively stable over time in their socioeconomic and ethnic status and that change takes several decades to take effect. This dissertation finds that neighborhoods exhibit a strong degree of path-dependency and demonstrates how the housing stock influences neighborhood trajectories. In addition, it shows how large-scale changes to the housing stock in the context of urban restructuring affect residential mobility and neighborhood upgrading. This dissertation also reveals the ways in which different population dynamics interact to inhibit or generate neighborhood change to reproduce socio-spatial inequalities. Moreover, the innovative methods that are explored in this dissertation contribute to broadening the scope of statistical methods for the longitudinal analysis of neighborhood change.A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment No 21 (2018)OLD Urban Renewal and Housin
Introduction
Get PDFThe main aim of this dissertation is to improve our understanding of pathways and drivers of ethnic and socioeconomic neighborhood change over time. This dissertation specifically focuses on the following research questions: (1) What trajectories of neighborhood change can be identified over time? (2) To what extent can neighborhood change be explained by population change and housing stock characteristics?
This dissertation contributes to the literature in two ways. First, there is an empirical gap in the literature on how typical the neighborhoods that change are, and the prevalence and extent of change across all neighborhoods (Tunstall, 2016; Zwiers et al., 2017). The literature has been dominated by the assumption that gentrification and decline are wide-spread developments that quickly transform cities. However, a small body of research argues that neighborhoods are rather ‘slothful’ and that significant neighborhood change is rare and may take several decades (Hulchanski, 2010; Meen et al., 2013; Tunstall, 2016). Prior studies on neighborhood change have been limited by a short-term perspective, often reducing neighborhood change to the difference between two points in time. The lack of longitudinal analyzes of neighborhood change is an important lacuna that affects urban planning and neighborhood policies. This dissertation aims to add to the literature on longitudinal studies on neighborhood change, both theoretically and methodologically. By analyzing neighborhood trajectories over longer periods of time, this dissertation provides insight into different trends over time and the prevalence and rate of change. The innovative methodologies used in this dissertation contribute to broadening the scope of statistical methods for the analysis of longitudinal neighborhood change. This dissertation employs new visualization techniques to illustrate the various pathways of change. In addition, it uses advanced statistical models that allow for causal analysis and the identification of non-linear patterns of neighborhood change.
Second, this dissertation focuses on several determinants of neighborhood change. In the literature, residential mobility has long been seen as the most important driver of neighborhood change. However, residential mobility is influenced by structural factors such as the quality of the housing stock, local housing markets, and government policy (Meen et al., 2013; Nygaard & Meen, 2011). This dissertation will show how the housing stock and urban restructuring programs shape patterns of residential mobility and neighborhood change. Moreover, this dissertation argues that residential mobility is not the sole driver of neighborhood change by also analyzing other types of population change, such as demographic change and in-situ change. An emerging body of research has argued that neighborhoods can change without any significant in- and out-migration (Bailey, 2012; Finney & Simpson, 2009; Teernstra, 2014). Processes of natural growth and ageing, as well as changes in the socioeconomic status of the sitting population, can change the population composition and status of neighborhoods. This dissertation contributes to a better understanding of the role of housing stock characteristics and population dynamics in shaping the spatial distribution of different ethnic and socioeconomic groups
Journey of a Spiritual Life
Get PDFA poetry reading and discussion Featuring Merle Feld, Poet, playwright, feminist theologian, and author of a spiritual memoir, A Spiritual Life: Exploring the Heart and Jewish Tradition.https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/bennettcenter-posters/1252/thumbnail.jp
Jean-Jacques Rousseau: On The Individual and Society
No full textIn this study, Merle L. Perkins links individual freedom with national power in offering a close reading of Jean-Jacques Rousseau\u27s major texts. He sees in Rousseau\u27s thought an extreme tension and interdependence between the idiosyncrasy of nonconforming character and an almost obsessive concern with the external pressures operating on the state.
Merle L. Perkins is the author of numerous books on philosophy, including The Moral and Political Philosophy of the Abbé de Saint-Pierre and Diderot and the Time-Space Continuum: His Philosophy, Aesthetics, and Politics.https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_political_theory/1001/thumbnail.jp
Die Geschichte vom weisen Qayan Ögedei. Transkription, Glossar, Index und Zusammenfassung
No full textBensen üliger, Heftgeschichten, sind von ursprünglich schriftlicher Vorlage ausgehende mündlich tradierte moderne Spielmannsdichtungen der Inneren Mongolei. Bei den schriftlichen Vorlagen handelt es sich überwiegend um chinesische Romane oder Heldengeschichten, für die zum Teil auch mongolische Übersetzungen vorliegen. Bensen üliger werden bis heute von Spielleuten (mong.: quγurči) erzählt, die aus der Ost- und Südostmongolei stammen. Das hier zu untersuchende bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger („Die Geschichte vom weisen Qaγan Ögedei“) stammt aus einer Sammlung von Tonbandtranskripten mongolischer volksliterarischer Texte aus dem Nachlass von Prof. Dr. Walther Heissig. Diese Materialien hat Prof. Heissig der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste in Düsseldorf vermacht. Ein großer Teil dieser Textsammlung ist bisher noch nicht bearbeitet bzw. noch nicht übersetzt worden. Die Handlung dieser Heftgeschichte spielt in der Yuán-Zeit und wurde im Herbst 1980 aufgenommen, die Aufnahmezeit betrug etwa 60 Stunden. Das vorliegende Werk enthält die uiguro-mongolische Transkription des bensen üligers Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger nach dem System von Poppe (2006). Der formale Aufbau der Transkription entspricht der handschriftlichen Vorlage. In der Heftgeschichte Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger sind der Autorin spezifische Sprachkontaktphänomene aufgefallen, die für das vorliegende Werk von besonderer Bedeutung sind. Es zeigt sich, dass die zweisprachig aufgewachsenen Mongolen in der Inneren Mongolei je nach Region in unterschiedlicher Stärke Chinesisch und Mongolisch abwechselnd oder miteinander vermischt verwenden. Im Fall der Vermischung wird das Chinesische dabei maßgeblich verändert. Diglossie und Bilingualismus führen zum Sprachwechsel (Codeswitching) und damit verbunden zu verschiedenen linguistischen Transfererscheinungen. Diese lassen sich in den Bereichen der Lexik, Phonetik und Morphologie nachweisen. Da es sich bei den bensen üliger um mündlich tradierte moderne Spielmannsdichtung handelt, treten verschiedene umgangssprachliche Elemente auf, beispielsweise eine große Anzahl an Sinismen (die mongolische Wiedergabe chinesischer Wörter und Begriffe). Die in diesem Band enthaltenen Sinismen sind sowohl ein Beleg für bestimmte Sprachkontaktphänomene in der Inneren Mongolei als auch dafür, dass diese ihren Eingang in das Repertoire der mongolischen mündlichen Tradition gefunden haben.Bensen üliger (booklet stories) are a literary genre representing the orally passed on modern Spielmannsdichtung of Inner Mongolia originally emanating from written templates. The latter are mostly Chinese novels or heroic stories for which a Mongolian translation exists in most cases. Bensen üliger are told by minstrels (Mong.: quγurči) from eastern and southeastern Mongolia until today. The bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger (“The story of wise Qaγan Ögedei”) under research is part of a collection of tape transcripts of Mongolian folk literature texts from the estate of Prof. Dr. Walther Heissig, who bequeathed these transcripts to the Nordrhein-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste at Düsseldorf. A large part of this text collection has not yet been edited or translated. The story line of the present booklet story takes place during the time of Yuán dynasty and was recorded in autumn of 1980 with a recording time of about 60 hours. This book contains the Uiguro-Mongolian transcription of the bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger after Poppe’s (2006) system. The formal setup of the transcription is equivalent to the handwritten template. In the booklet story Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger, the author noticed specific phenomena of language contact which are of particular importance for the present study. It turned out that the Mongols from Inner Mongolia who grew up bilingually, depending on the region, use Chinese and Mongolian alternately or in mixed form. In the latter, they modify the Chinese language significantly. The use of language in specific functions (diglossia) in Inner Mongolia and the bilingualism (Mongolian, Chinese) of the Mongols leads to code-switching and, linked to that, to various linguistic transfer phenomena. These are measurable in the areas of the lexicon, phonetics, and morphology. Due to the fact that the bensen üliger are orally passed on modern Spielmannsdichtung, they contain elements of vernacular, like sinisms (the Mongolian reproduction of Chinese words and concepts). So the sinisms of this volume are evidence for the phenomena of language contact in Inner Mongolia and for the fact that these have found their way into the repertory of Mongolian oral tradition
Die Geschichte vom weisen Qayan Ögedei. Transkription, Glossar, Index und Zusammenfassung
No full textBensen üliger, Heftgeschichten, sind von ursprünglich schriftlicher Vorlage ausgehende mündlich tradierte moderne Spielmannsdichtungen der Inneren Mongolei. Bei den schriftlichen Vorlagen handelt es sich überwiegend um chinesische Romane oder Heldengeschichten, für die zum Teil auch mongolische Übersetzungen vorliegen. Bensen üliger werden bis heute von Spielleuten (mong.: quγurči) erzählt, die aus der Ost- und Südostmongolei stammen. Das hier zu untersuchende bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger („Die Geschichte vom weisen Qaγan Ögedei“) stammt aus einer Sammlung von Tonbandtranskripten mongolischer volksliterarischer Texte aus dem Nachlass von Prof. Dr. Walther Heissig. Diese Materialien hat Prof. Heissig der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste in Düsseldorf vermacht. Ein großer Teil dieser Textsammlung ist bisher noch nicht bearbeitet bzw. noch nicht übersetzt worden. Die Handlung dieser Heftgeschichte spielt in der Yuán-Zeit und wurde im Herbst 1980 aufgenommen, die Aufnahmezeit betrug etwa 60 Stunden. Das vorliegende Werk enthält die uiguro-mongolische Transkription des bensen üligers Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger nach dem System von Poppe (2006). Der formale Aufbau der Transkription entspricht der handschriftlichen Vorlage. In der Heftgeschichte Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger sind der Autorin spezifische Sprachkontaktphänomene aufgefallen, die für das vorliegende Werk von besonderer Bedeutung sind. Es zeigt sich, dass die zweisprachig aufgewachsenen Mongolen in der Inneren Mongolei je nach Region in unterschiedlicher Stärke Chinesisch und Mongolisch abwechselnd oder miteinander vermischt verwenden. Im Fall der Vermischung wird das Chinesische dabei maßgeblich verändert. Diglossie und Bilingualismus führen zum Sprachwechsel (Codeswitching) und damit verbunden zu verschiedenen linguistischen Transfererscheinungen. Diese lassen sich in den Bereichen der Lexik, Phonetik und Morphologie nachweisen. Da es sich bei den bensen üliger um mündlich tradierte moderne Spielmannsdichtung handelt, treten verschiedene umgangssprachliche Elemente auf, beispielsweise eine große Anzahl an Sinismen (die mongolische Wiedergabe chinesischer Wörter und Begriffe). Die in diesem Band enthaltenen Sinismen sind sowohl ein Beleg für bestimmte Sprachkontaktphänomene in der Inneren Mongolei als auch dafür, dass diese ihren Eingang in das Repertoire der mongolischen mündlichen Tradition gefunden haben.Bensen üliger (booklet stories) are a literary genre representing the orally passed on modern Spielmannsdichtung of Inner Mongolia originally emanating from written templates. The latter are mostly Chinese novels or heroic stories for which a Mongolian translation exists in most cases. Bensen üliger are told by minstrels (Mong.: quγurči) from eastern and southeastern Mongolia until today. The bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger (“The story of wise Qaγan Ögedei”) under research is part of a collection of tape transcripts of Mongolian folk literature texts from the estate of Prof. Dr. Walther Heissig, who bequeathed these transcripts to the Nordrhein-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste at Düsseldorf. A large part of this text collection has not yet been edited or translated. The story line of the present booklet story takes place during the time of Yuán dynasty and was recorded in autumn of 1980 with a recording time of about 60 hours. This book contains the Uiguro-Mongolian transcription of the bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger after Poppe’s (2006) system. The formal setup of the transcription is equivalent to the handwritten template. In the booklet story Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger, the author noticed specific phenomena of language contact which are of particular importance for the present study. It turned out that the Mongols from Inner Mongolia who grew up bilingually, depending on the region, use Chinese and Mongolian alternately or in mixed form. In the latter, they modify the Chinese language significantly. The use of language in specific functions (diglossia) in Inner Mongolia and the bilingualism (Mongolian, Chinese) of the Mongols leads to code-switching and, linked to that, to various linguistic transfer phenomena. These are measurable in the areas of the lexicon, phonetics, and morphology. Due to the fact that the bensen üliger are orally passed on modern Spielmannsdichtung, they contain elements of vernacular, like sinisms (the Mongolian reproduction of Chinese words and concepts). So the sinisms of this volume are evidence for the phenomena of language contact in Inner Mongolia and for the fact that these have found their way into the repertory of Mongolian oral tradition
Conclusion
Get PDFThis dissertation consisted of five chapters, one theoretical and four empirical chapters. These chapters are complete research papers, each with their own research question, theoretical framework, empirical analyses, results and discussion section. All papers have been published in peer-reviewed journals or are currently under review. The main findings from these chapters are summarized below. Section 7.3 then reflects upon this dissertation’s main contributions to the literature and provides some suggestions for future research. The following section (7.4) discusses the limitations of this dissertation. Section 7.5 concludes with a discussion of the policy implications
Die Geschichte vom weisen Qan Ögedei
No full textBensen üliger, Heftgeschichten, sind von ursprünglich schriftlicher Vorlage ausgehende mündlich tradierte moderne Spielmannsdichtungen der Inneren Mongolei. Bei den schriftlichen Vorlagen handelt es sich überwiegend um chinesische Romane oder Heldengeschichten, für die zum Teil auch mongolische Übersetzungen vorliegen. Bensen üliger werden bis heute von Spielleuten (mong.: quγurči) erzählt, die aus der Ost- und Südostmongolei stammen. Das hier zu untersuchende bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger („Die Geschichte vom weisen Qaγan Ögedei“) stammt aus einer Sammlung von Tonbandtranskripten mongolischer volksliterarischer Texte aus dem Nachlass von Prof. Dr. Walther Heissig. Diese Materialien hat Prof. Heissig der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste in Düsseldorf vermacht. Ein großer Teil dieser Textsammlung ist bisher noch nicht bearbeitet bzw. noch nicht übersetzt worden. Die Handlung dieser Heftgeschichte spielt in der Yuán-Zeit und wurde im Herbst 1980 aufgenommen, die Aufnahmezeit betrug etwa 60 Stunden. Das vorliegende Werk enthält die uiguro-mongolische Transkription des bensen üligers Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger nach dem System von Poppe (2006). Der formale Aufbau der Transkription entspricht der handschriftlichen Vorlage. In der Heftgeschichte Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger sind der Autorin spezifische Sprachkontaktphänomene aufgefallen, die für das vorliegende Werk von besonderer Bedeutung sind. Es zeigt sich, dass die zweisprachig aufgewachsenen Mongolen in der Inneren Mongolei je nach Region in unterschiedlicher Stärke Chinesisch und Mongolisch abwechselnd oder miteinander vermischt verwenden. Im Fall der Vermischung wird das Chinesische dabei maßgeblich verändert. Diglossie und Bilingualismus führen zum Sprachwechsel (Codeswitching) und damit verbunden zu verschiedenen linguistischen Transfererscheinungen. Diese lassen sich in den Bereichen der Lexik, Phonetik und Morphologie nachweisen. Da es sich bei den bensen üliger um mündlich tradierte moderne Spielmannsdichtung handelt, treten verschiedene umgangssprachliche Elemente auf, beispielsweise eine große Anzahl an Sinismen (die mongolische Wiedergabe chinesischer Wörter und Begriffe). Die in diesem Band enthaltenen Sinismen sind sowohl ein Beleg für bestimmte Sprachkontaktphänomene in der Inneren Mongolei als auch dafür, dass diese ihren Eingang in das Repertoire der mongolischen mündlichen Tradition gefunden haben.Bensen üliger (booklet stories) are a literary genre representing the orally passed on modern Spielmannsdichtung of Inner Mongolia originally emanating from written templates. The latter are mostly Chinese novels or heroic stories for which a Mongolian translation exists in most cases. Bensen üliger are told by minstrels (Mong.: quγurči) from eastern and southeastern Mongolia until today. The bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger (“The story of wise Qaγan Ögedei”) under research is part of a collection of tape transcripts of Mongolian folk literature texts from the estate of Prof. Dr. Walther Heissig, who bequeathed these transcripts to the Nordrhein-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften und Künste at Düsseldorf. A large part of this text collection has not yet been edited or translated. The story line of the present booklet story takes place during the time of Yuán dynasty and was recorded in autumn of 1980 with a recording time of about 60 hours. This book contains the Uiguro-Mongolian transcription of the bensen üliger Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger after Poppe’s (2006) system. The formal setup of the transcription is equivalent to the handwritten template. In the booklet story Ögedei mergen qaγan-u üliger, the author noticed specific phenomena of language contact which are of particular importance for the present study. It turned out that the Mongols from Inner Mongolia who grew up bilingually, depending on the region, use Chinese and Mongolian alternately or in mixed form. In the latter, they modify the Chinese language significantly. The use of language in specific functions (diglossia) in Inner Mongolia and the bilingualism (Mongolian, Chinese) of the Mongols leads to code-switching and, linked to that, to various linguistic transfer phenomena. These are measurable in the areas of the lexicon, phonetics, and morphology. Due to the fact that the bensen üliger are orally passed on modern Spielmannsdichtung, they contain elements of vernacular, like sinisms (the Mongolian reproduction of Chinese words and concepts). So the sinisms of this volume are evidence for the phenomena of language contact in Inner Mongolia and for the fact that these have found their way into the repertory of Mongolian oral tradition
L'efficacité de l'enseignement
No full textPierre Merle : Die Wirksamkeit des Unterrichtswesens.
Der Begriff der Wirksamkeit im Unterrichtswesen ist in der Schulsoziologie geläufig und führt zu unterschiedlichen Untersuchungen, die teils die Studie von strukturellen oder organisationellen Determinanten der Wirksamkeit bevorzugen, teils das Verhalten der Aktoren und dabei besonders der Professoren. Ausgehend von der Analyse von drei kürzlichen Veröffentlichungen in denen beide Perspektiven in origineller Weise verbunden werden, möchte der Verfasser die hauptsächlichen Forschungsergebnisse zur Wirksamkeit des Unterrichtswesens darstellenPierre Merle : The efficiency of teaching.
The notion of efficiency in teaching is of common usage in school sociology and leads to various investigations, some favouring the study of the structural or organizational determining factors of efficiency, and some the actors' behaviour, in particular that of teachers. Based on an analysis of three recent works which combine in an original way these two perspectives, the author has tried to present the main results of research relative to efficiency in teaching.La notion d'efficacité de l'enseignement est d'usage commun dans la sociologie de l'école et suscite des investigations variées privilégiant tantôt l'étude des déterminants structuraux ou organisationnels de l'efficacité tantôt les comportements des acteurs, et tout particulièrement ceux des professeurs. À partir de l'analyse de trois ouvrages récents combinant de façon originale ces deux types de perspective, l'auteur cherche à présenter les principaux résultats des recherches relatives à l'efficacité de l'enseignement (1).Pierre Merle : La eficacia de la enseñanza.
La noción de la eficacia de la enseñanza es de uso común en la sociología de las escuelas y origina investigaciones variadas en las que se privilegian tanto el estudio de los determinantes estructurales u organizacionales de la eficacia como los comportamientos de los actores, y mas particularmente la de los profesores. A partir del análisis de tres obras recientes que combinan de manera original los dos tipos de perspectiva, el autor trata de presentar los principales resultados de las investigaciones relativas a la eficacia de la enseñanza.Merle Pierre. L'efficacité de l'enseignement. In: Revue française de sociologie, 1998, 39-3. pp. 565-589
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