404 research outputs found
Biodiesel production by lipase-catalyzed transesterification of Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) seed oil
No full textThe increasing global demand for fuel, limited fossil fuel resources, and increasing concern about the upturn in gaseous CO<sub>2</sub> emissions are the key drivers of research and development into sources of renewable liquid transport fuels, such as biodiesel. In the present work, we demonstrate biodiesel production from Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil) seed oil by lipase-catalyzed transesterification. Sweet basil seeds contain 22% oil on a dry weight basis. Artificial neural network with genetic algorithm modelling was used to optimize reaction. Temperature, catalyst concentration, time, and methanol to oil molar ratio were the input factors in the optimization study, while fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield was the key model output. FAME composition was determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The optimized transesterification process resulted in a 94.58% FAME yield after reaction at 47 °C for 68 h in the presence of 6% w/w catalyst and a methanol to oil ratio of 10:1. The viscosity, density, calorific value, pour point, and cloud point of the biodiesel derived from sweet basil seed oil conformed to the EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standard specifications. The antioxidant stability of the biodiesel did not meet these specifications but could be improved via the addition of antioxidant
Green Energy towards Sustainability from the Islamic Perspective / Nur Hidayah Abdul Jabar, Zul Ilham, Shaikh Mohd Saifuddeen and Noor Naemah Abdul Rahman
No full textSustainable development is a concept mooted to ensure that the needs of the present are met without compromising the needs of the future. Islam has outlined a number of concepts for ensuring that the environment is managed in a responsible and sustainable manner. These concepts are wisdom (hikmah), justice (‘adl), public interest (maslahah) and innovation (ijtihad). The framework of higher purposes of Islamic Divine
law or maqasid al-shariah also provides guidance by
highlighting five objectives (viz. faith, life, intellect, progeny and property) that need to be protected in carrying out development. However, the challenge lies in putting these concepts and approaches into practice. While there is a good theoretical understanding of these Islamic concepts and
approaches, the reality is that many still do not practice what they know in their individual daily lives as well as in policy formulation. Environmental issues including green energy production should not be dismissed simply as a worldly affair. As such, it is imperative for Muslims to not only be aware of these issues, but also to put sustainability into practice in order to achieve the “good life” concept or hayattayibbah
Beyond Growth: Examining the Intersections of Development, Poverty, and Freedom towards Decarbonization of South-East Asian Region
No full text
Regional Approaches to Sustainable Development Goals Implementation in Education, Healthcare, Environmental Management and Urban Resilience
No full textThis issue presents a diverse and compelling collection of research that highlights how countries in Southeast Asia and Africa are advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through localized, context-specific strategies. As part of the Global South, these regions face complex and interconnected challenges including limited resources, governance hurdles, and persistent socio-economic inequalities that make SDG implementation particularly demanding. Yet, the studies featured here demonstrate innovative approaches in education, healthcare, environmental management, and urban resilience that offer valuable insights into the region’s evolving pathways toward sustainable and inclusive growth
Aplikasi Metode STIFIn dan ILHAM terhadap Hasil Hafalan Al-QUr`an (Eksperimen terhadap Mahasantri Institut Ilmu Al-Qur`an Jakarta)
No full textIIQ Jakarta as an institution that is engaged in tahfizh al-Qur `an need to maintain its existence in the midst of tahfizh institutions that offer fast and qualified memorizing methods. IIQ Jakarta offers not only tahfizh but also academic programs. However, graduate samples in 2016 showed a decrease in the quantity of female memorization. The author conducts experimental research on two modern tahfizh methods that take the theoretical basis of Educational Psychology. The method chosen by the author is STIFIn and ILHAM Method as experimental group and Talaqqi method used in IIQ Jakarta as control group. The authors chose both methods of experiment because it is considered ideal in terms of the duration of memorization time because the two methods do not offer the memorization of too fast and too long. The research method used in this research is experimental method with two manipulated methods and one control method. Tahfizh test results that include quality and quantity are calculated by One Way Anova formula to find out which method is most effective for Pesantren Takhasus IIQ Jakarta. The method was experimented at Pesantren Takhasus IIQ Jakarta by applying the implementation stage of the method and adapted to the situation in Pesantren Takhasus IIQ Jakarta. This study yields the conclusion that out of three methods, ILHAM method is the most effective method applied in PesantrenTakhasus IIQ Jakarta
ANALISIS PEMOTONGAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN PASAL 23 DENGAN SISTEM E- SPTPADA PT ILHAM JAYA LESTARI
No full textAnalysis Withholding of Tax Income Article 23 With E- SPT System at PT Ilham Jaya Lestari.
Imaniar, 2015 (xiii + 133 Pages)
[email protected]
The final report is written to fulfil requirement of diploma education accounting department of State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya graduation in Palembang. This final report is written to know comparative withholding of tax income article 23 with e-SPT system. The final report entitled “Analysis Withholding of Tax Income Article 23 With E- SPT System at PT Ilham Jaya Lestari”. The authors obtained data from the company by using several research methods such as interviews, analysis and study of literature. Results of the analysis that author have done to comparative withholding of tax income article 23 with e- spt system in the company showed that if we using system such as e-spt system the calculations of withholding of tax income article 23 in the company views from degree of accuracy that more organized and accurate. Beside of that withholding of tax income article 23 in the company views from degree of efficiency that more efficient in tax payment and submission of tax owed to the state treasury
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of University Students towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
No full textThis study was performed to determine the awareness level of University of Malaya students towards Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A set of survey questionnaires based on knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) was distributed among all the students of University of Malaya and 382 responses were obtained to analyze the awareness level (95% confidence level with ±5% margin of error). Data analysis was performed SPSS Statistics version 20. Descriptive statistics showed that the respondents have high knowledge with a positive attitude towards SDGs. Spearman’s rho coefficient correlation was applied to determine the relationships between variables (knowledge with practice and attitude with practice). The results revealed a weak negative correlation between the knowledge and practice towards SDGs (r = -.264, N = 382, p = .00). However, there is a strong positive correlation between the attitude and practice towards SDGs (r = .440, n = 382, p =. 00)
Esterification of glycerol from biodiesel production to glycerol carbonate in non-catalytic supercritical dimethyl carbonate
No full textConversion of glycerol from biodiesel production to glycerol carbonate was studied by esterification with dimethyl carbonate in a non-catalytic supercritical condition. It was found that in a non-catalytic supercritical condition, glycerol at higher purity gave higher yield of glycerol carbonate at 98 wt% after reaction at 300 °C/20–40 MPa/15 min. The yield of glycerol carbonate was observed to increase with molar ratio, temperature, pressure and time until a certain equilibrium limit. The existence of impurities such as water and remnants of alkaline catalyst in crude glycerol will direct the reaction to produce glycidol. Although impurities might not be desirable, the non-catalytic supercritical dimethyl carbonate could be an alternative method for conversion of glycerol from biodiesel production to value-added glycerol carbonate.[Figure not available: see fulltext.
Dimethyl carbonate as potential reactant in non-catalytic biodiesel production by supercritical method
No full textIn this study, the non-catalytic supercritical method has been studied in utilizing dimethyl carbonate. It was demonstrated that, the supercritical dimethyl carbonate process without any catalysts applied, converted triglycerides to fatty acid methyl esters with glycerol carbonate and citramalic acid as by-products, while free fatty acids were converted to fatty acid methyl esters with glyoxal. After 12 min of reaction at 350 °C/20 MPa, rapeseed oil treated with supercritical dimethyl carbonate reached 94% (w/w) yield of fatty acid methyl ester. The by-products from this process which are glycerol carbonate and citramalic acid are much higher in value than glycerol produced by the conventional process. In addition, the yield of the fatty acid methyl esters as biodiesel was almost at par with supercritical methanol method. Therefore, supercritical dimethyl carbonate process can be a good candidate as an alternative biodiesel production process
- …
