1,721,037 research outputs found
PIGR-enriched circulating vesicles contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma aggressiveness
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The CD94/NKG2A killer inhibitory receptor inhibits CD69 receptor-induced mast cell degranulation
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Senescent cells: Living or dying is a matter of NK cells
No full textNK cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system, which are able to deal promptly with stressed cells. Cellular senescence is a cell stress response leading to cell cycle arrest that plays a key role during tissue homeostasis and carcinogenesis. In this review, how senescent cells trigger an immune response and, in particular, the ability of NK cells to recognize and clear senescent cells are discussed. Special attention is given to the NK cell-mediated clearance of senescent tumor cells. NK cells kill senescent cells through a mechanism involving perforin- and granzyme-containing granule exocytosis, and produce IFN-γ following senescent cell interaction, leading to hypothesize that NK cell-mediated immune clearance of senescent cells not only relies on direct killing but also on cytokine production, that in turn can promote macrophage activation. These aspects, as well as the ability of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and senescent cell-produced extracellular vesicles to modulate NK cell effector functions, are described
Down-Regulation of the Activating Receptor NKG2D by its Ligands Expressed on T Lymphocytes: A New Mechanism to Limit CD8+ T Cell Immune Responses.
No full textNKG2D and DNAM-1 Ligands: Molecular Targets for NK Cell-Mediated Immunotherapeutic Intervention in Multiple Myeloma
Full text linkA pivotal strategy to improve NK cell-mediated antitumor activity involves the upregulation of activating ligands on tumor cells. Enhancement of NK cell-mediated recognition of multiple myeloma cells was reported by us and others showing increased surface expression of NKG2D and DNAM-1 ligands on tumor cells following treatment with a number of chemotherapeutic agents, such as genotoxic drugs or inhibitors of proteasome, histone deacetylases, GSK3, and HSP-90. These compounds have the capability to affect tumor survival but also to activate specific transduction pathways associated with the upregulation of different NK cell activating ligands on the tumor cells. Here, we will summarize and discuss the molecular pathways whereby these drugs can regulate the expression of NK cell activating ligands in multiple myeloma cells.A pivotal strategy to improve NK cell-mediated antitumor activity involves the upregulation of activating ligands on tumor cells. Enhancement of NK cell-mediated recognition of multiple myeloma cells was reported by us and others showing increased surface expression of NKG2D and DNAM-1 ligands on tumor cells following treatment with a number of chemotherapeutic agents, such as genotoxic drugs or inhibitors of proteasome, histone deacetylases, GSK3, and HSP-90. These compounds have the capability to affect tumor survival but also to activate specific transduction pathways associated with the upregulation of different NK cell activating ligands on the tumor cells. Here, we will summarize and discuss the molecular pathways whereby these drugs can regulate the expression of NK cell activating ligands in multiple myeloma cells
Natural killer (NK) cells from killers to regulators: Distinct features between peripheral blood and decidual NK cells
Full text linkNatural killer (NK) cells are a key component of innate immunity, particularly crucial during the early phase of immune responses against certain viruses, parasites, and microbial pathogens. The role of NK cell during pregnancy has been vividly discussed over the past years and it is now becoming increasingly clear that NK cells control pregnancy maintenance at several levels. In normal pregnancy, it appears that they provide benefit by properly secreting cytokines, chemokines and angiogenic factors rather than functioning as cytotoxic effector cells. However, as they are endowed with all the cytolytic weapons, they promptly become capable of attacking fetal and maternal tissues during infection and inflammation. © 2007 The Authors Journal compilation 2007 Blackwell Munksgaard
Modulation of T Cell-Mediated Immune Responses by Natural Killer Cells
No full textNatural Killer (NK) cells are lymphoid cells that participate in innate immunity and in early defense against infections and tumors. NK cells express cell surface activating and inhibitory receptors that allow them to recognize and kill infected or tumor cells and rapidly produce cytokines and chemokines. Increasing evidence asserts an important immunomodulatory role of NK cells. We will discuss different mechanisms used by NK cells to regulate T cell-mediated immune responses
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