1,721,096 research outputs found
Advanced analysis and integration of remote sensing and in situ data for flood monitoring
No full textThe increasingly occurrence of flood events claims our capacity to enhance risk reduction and damage mitigation. The current large availability of satellite data constitutes a fundamental resource for disciplines such as fluvial geomorphology and hydrology that exploit the new technologies and techniques to develop innovative approaches for improving flood phenomenon investigation. The present work, extracted from a PhD thesis, describes the application of advanced analyses and data integrations to detect and to monitor flood events. The new data fusion methodologies are tested in various areas, at different spatial and temporal scales, in various surface conditions. The results (flood extent maps, geomorphic index maps, flood inundation maps, etc.) demonstrate the advantage to use complementary information sources and the progress in addressing scientific research towards the production of operational systems
OPEN ACCESS DATA REPOSITORY OF LATE-PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE PALEO-SHORELINES ALONG THE ANTARCTIC PENINSULA AND SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS COASTS
No full textZingaro M., Baroni C., Capolongo D., Mastro-nuZZi g., salvatore M.C., sCiCChitano g. & vaCChi M.,Open access data repository of Late-Pleistocene and Holocene paleo-shorelines along the Antarctic Peninsula and South Shetland Islands coasts. (IT ISSN 0391-9838, 2021).An improved understanding of the chronology of Antarctic ice sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) represents a fundamental tool to better define the origin of past and future meltwa-ter influx in the global oceans. Relict shorelines and other evidence of past Relative Sea Level (RSL) evolution were widely used to understand past ice sheet history and to improve predictions of climate-controlled sea level evolution. In the last decades, RSL data in the Antarctic region have been mostly produced using a wide range of geomorphic evidence such as beach and marine deposits, marine terraces and isolation ba-sins. However, the lack of a geographic common framework that in-cludes data derived from different sources, limits the accessibility to the information. Here we present a new cartographic approach to cre-ate an open access geodatabase of the postglacial paleo-shorelines by using a standard collecting pattern. Cartographic Antarctica Reposito-ry (CAR) includes RSL data along the coasts of the Antarctic Peninsula and South Shetland Islands. Results show the advantages to use CAR for integrating data and supporting spatial analyses, by representing an easy and usable tool for the improvement of shoreline evolution defini-tion and the planning of Antarctic coast investigations. CAR is dynam-ic repository project that will be further expanded on other Antarctic regions too, integrating fully into the wide reference context of the free access Antarctic datasets
The widespread of Robot-Assisted Surgery: The urologist perspective
No full textThe widespread of Robot-Assisted Surgery: the urologist perspectiv
DIAGNOSI ECOGRAFICA DI DEFICIT SFINTERICO URETRALE NELLA DONNA
No full textCOMUNICAZIONI UROLOGIA FEMMINILE - DIAGNOSTICA
C41
DIAGNOSI ECOGRAFICA DI DEFICIT SFINTERICO URETRALE NELLA DONNA
A. Vianello, E. Costantini, M. Del Zingaro, M. Lazzeri, L. Mearini, A. Zucchi, G. Cochetti, A. Giannantoni, M. Porena. (Perugia)
Scopo del lavoro:
Valutare se con gli ultrasuoni è possibile definire le caratteristiche del complesso sfinterico uretrale in donne affette da
incontinenza urinaria da stress (SUI).
Materiali e metodi:
Sono state reclutate per questo studio 112 donne (età media 60 anni, range 35 76), affette da LUTS e indirizzate al nostro
Dipartimento di Urologia. Tutte, dopo essere state sottoposte a un esame completo uro ginecologico, test uro dinamico
(uroflussometria, cistomanometria, profilo pressorio uretrale e VLPP) e ad una ecografia trans rettale statica e dinamica
usando sonde a 7.5 MHz. Sono state impegate sonde per scansione trans rettale in scansione radiale, sono stati valutati i
diametri antero posteriore e trasverso (mm), la circonferenza (mm) e l’area (mm2) dell’intero complesso sfinterico uretrale
e gli stessi parametri sono stati valutati per il muscolo liscio. Le pazienti sono state classificate in base alla presenza assenza
di deficit sfinterico intrinseco (ISD), valutato mediante studio uro dinamico (VLPP<= 60 cm H2O e MUCP <= 40 cm
H2O), e correlato ai risultati dei parametri ecografici. Per l’analisi statistica è stata impiegato il coefficiente di correlazione
di Spearman e il Mann Whitney test.
Risultati:
55 (%) pazienti su 112 avevano un ISD in base ai risultati del VLPP e del MUCP. Non sono emerse differenze statistiche
fra la circonferenza e/o l’area dell’intero complesso sfinterico uretrale fra pazienti con e senza ISD (49 + 5 mm vs. 52+
6 mm e 1,6 + 0,3 mm2 vs. 2 + 0,2 mm2 rispettivamente). Non è stata trovata alcuna correlazione fra i diametri antero
posteriori dei muscoli lisci o striati fra pazienti con o senza ISD (8,8 + 0,9 mm vs. 10 + 1,2 mm e 2,2 + 1,1 vs. 2 + 1,4).
Dato interessante è che donne con ISD presentano una riduzione marcata e statisticamente significativa del diametro
trasverso del muscolo liscio (11,7 + 2,1 mm vs. 15,5 + 3,1 mm p<0,02).
Conclusioni:
I nostri dati sembrano suggerire che donne con SUI e ISD non mostrano cambiamenti morfologici della componente striata
dello sfintere uretrale, mentre presentano una riduzione dei diametri trasversi del muscolo liscio. Questi risultati preliminari
devono essere confermati da una più ampia serie e studiati in base ad altre importanti variabili (età, indice di massa
corporea, co morbidità) prima di trarre conclusioni cliniche
Geomorphology and geotourism for a sustainable development of the Daunia Mts, Southern Italy
No full textLandscape preservation strongly depends on exploration and knowledge of its history and evolution. The acquisition and the analysis of geological and geomorphological features are basic and useful tools to identify the touristic potential and the anthropic impact of a territory. This study aims to enhance the knowledge of the natural and cultural heritage of an area of the Daunia Mts between the towns of Alberona and Faeto, SouthernItaly, marked by neglect and abandonment, through the drafting of a geomorphological map and the proposal of geotourist itineraries and routes. The results highlight the potential competitiveness and attractiveness of the study area by contributing to the promotion of a sustainable development of a marginal territory. Such data may encourage a form of fruition that promotes knowledge, appreciation, and environmental awareness, in a fragile territorial context
Integrating c-and l-band sar imagery for detailed flood monitoring of remote vegetated areas
No full textFlood detection and monitoring is increasingly important, especially on remote areas such as African tropical river basins, where ground investigations are difficult. We present an experiment aimed at integrating multi-temporal and multi-source data from the Sentinel-1 and ALOS 2 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors, operating in C band, VV polarization, and L band, HH and HV polarizations, respectively. Information from the globally available CORINE land cover dataset, derived over Africa from the Proba V satellite, and available publicly at the resolution of 100 m, is also exploited. Integrated multi-frequency, multi-temporal, and multi-polarizations analysis allows highlighting different drying dynamics for floodwater over various land cover classes, such as herbaceous vegetation, wetlands, and forests. They also enable detection of different scattering mechanisms, such as double bounce interaction of vegetation stems and trunks with underlying floodwater, giving precious information about the distribution of flooded areas among the different ground cover types present on the site. The approach is validated through visual analysis from Google EarthTM imagery. This kind of integrated analysis, exploiting multi-source remote sensing to partially make up for the unavailability of reliable ground truth, is expected to assume increasing importance as constellations of satellites, observing the Earth in different electromagnetic radiation bands, will be available
Treatment of urethral syndrome: a prospective randomized study with Nd:YAG laser
No full textIntroduction: The urethral syndrome is characterized by
irritative disturbances, the urgency-frequency syndrome
and/or pain associated with negative urine cultures. Areas
of metaplasic tissue in the trigonal-bladder neck region
(trigonitis) are sometimes present. We performed a comparative randomized study to assess the efficacy of side- or end-fi ring neodymium (Nd):YAG laser surgery in destroying metaplasia and relieving symptoms.
Materials and Methods: Between January 1997 and December
2003, 62 consecutive women with the urethral syndrome
and squamous metaplasia of the bladder neck-trigone, who were refractory to drugs, were randomly assigned to treatment with end-fi ring (group A) or side-fi ring (group B) Nd:YAG laser. Three, 6 and 12
months after surgery all patients underwent a clinical
urological examination and cystoscopy. Surgery was
considered successful when patients reported they were
satisfi ed with the outcome or stated on the UDI-6 questionnaire
that symptoms were reduced by at least 75%.
Results: Group A end-fi ring laser: patients rapidly improved (2–3 weeks) but symptoms worsened within 3
months. At 6–12 months, symptoms had improved in
19% of the 31 patients and remained unchanged or worsened
in 81%. Group B side-fi ring laser: irritative disturbances
worsened in the 7–10 days after therapy but
markedly improved within 2–3 months. Symptoms signifi
cantly improved in 68% of the 28 patients and remained
unchanged or worsened in 32%. Results were
signifi cantly better after side-fi ring laser (p ! 0.001) and
a trend towards improvements emerged as the joule levels
rose. At 3 months, cystoscopy and biopsy showed
squamous metaplasia was no longer present in patients
whose symptoms had improved. Whitish areas were still
present in the bladder neck-trigone in patients whose
symptoms had remained unchanged or worsened. These
patients were retreated. Conclusions: In the treatment of
the urethral syndrome the few reports on attempts to
restore a normal urothelium by means of diathermocoagulation
and cryotherapy have been encouraging. Sidefi
ring laser, which produces necrotic coagulation followed
by reconstitution of normal functional epithelium,
was signifi cantly more successful than end-fi ring and
was associated with a 78% success rate. These results
are encouraging in patients who are usually refractory
to medical therapy
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