1,724,503 research outputs found
Vappolotes Zhao & Li 2019
No full textGenus Vappolotes Zhao & Li, 2019 Type species. Vappolotes ganlongensis Zhao & Li, 2019, from Guizhou Province. Remarks. The genus Vappolotes originally was described with only two species: V. ganlongensis Zhao & Li, 2019 (♀ ³) and V. jianpingensis Zhao & Li, 2019 (♀). Some diagnostic characters of this genus are amended here, eg. conductor with dorsal and ventral apophyses in Li et al. (2019a) corrected to dorsal conductor and anterior conductor; tegular apophysis in Li et al. (2019a) corrected to posterior conductor; retrolateral tibial apophysis in Li et al. (2019a) corrected to lateral tibial apophysis; ventrolateral tibial apophysis in Li et al. (2019a) corrected to retrolateral tibial apophysis (Fig. 1A–C); atrium with longitudinal setae plexus, copulatory ducts and spermathecae located anteriorly, medially or posteriorly (Fig. 1D, E). Li et al. (2019a) and Okumura & Zhao (2022) proposed Vappolotes, Longicoelotes Wang, 2002, Platocoelotes Wang, 2002, Papiliocoelites Zhao & Li, 2016 and Spiricoelotes Wang, 2022 are sister groups belonging to lacking epigynal teeth clade, as: {[(Vappolotes + Papiliocoelotes) + Spiricoelotes] + Longicoelotes} + Platocoelotes.Published as part of Li, Bing, Zhao, Zhe & Li, Shuqiang, 2023, Three new species of the genus Vappolotes Zhao & Li, 2019 (Araneae, Agelenidae) from southwest China, pp. 325-336 in Zootaxa 5270 (2) on page 326, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5270.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/786501
Mekonglema Zhao & Li 2020
No full textGenus Mekonglema Zhao & Li, 2020 Type species. Mekonglema bailang Zhao & Li, 2020 from China.Published as part of Lin, Yejie, Zhao, Huifeng, Koh, Joseph K H & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Taxonomy notes on twenty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from Asia, pp. 198-270 in Zoological Systematics 47 (3) on page 240, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2022303, http://zenodo.org/record/717585
Milema Zhao & Li 2022, gen. nov.
No full textMilema Zhao & Li, gen. nov. Type species. Milema nuichua Zhao & Li, sp. nov. Diagnosis. This genus can be distinguished from Telema by the following characters: the ratio of the length of embolus/carapace 0.25–0.30 (vs. 0.50–0.65), the presence of a prolateral cymbial apophysis (vs. absence), belt-shaped tibial glands (vs. plate-shaped), the ratio of the length of embolus/bulb 0.38–1.10 (vs. smaller than 0.32); spermatheca sac-like or globular (vs. cane shaped). Description. Total length 0.90–1.15 in male, 0.95–1.20 in female. Carapace 0.40–0.51 long, Carapace pear shaped, pale or dark brown. Six eyes encircled by black or absent. Tibia I 0.52–0.94. Leg formula 1243, leg glands belt shaped. Abdomen blue or for males, bulb small relative to carapace, the length ratio of bulb/carapace 0.25–0.30. Length of cymbium> femur> tibia> patella; cymbial apophysis present prolaterally. Distribution. Southern Vietnam and Southern Thailand. Etymology. The generic name is a combination of the first two letters of millet (referring to the small size) and the latter four letters of Telema (type genus of the family); feminine in gender. Species included. Milema lorkor Zhao & Li, sp. nov., Milema nuichua Zhao & Li, sp. nov. and Milema sai Zhao & Li, sp. nov. Biology. Habitats of this genus are diverse. The type species, M. nuichua Zhao & Li, sp. nov. inhabits leaf litter; M. sai Zhao & Li, sp. nov. is found at cave entrances; and M. lorkor Zhao & Li, sp. nov. is found deep in caves. These spiders have particular morphological characters adapting to their diverse habitats.Published as part of Lin, Yejie, Zhao, Huifeng, Koh, Joseph K H & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Taxonomy notes on twenty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from Asia, pp. 198-270 in Zoological Systematics 47 (3) on page 245, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2022303, http://zenodo.org/record/717585
Parameioneta bishou Zhao & Li 2014
No full textParameioneta bishou Zhao & Li, 2014 Material examined. 1 Male (MHNG), THAILAND, Surin Province & District, Ban Lak Wo, in and around house, 14°55’02”N 103°27’13”E, 150 m a.s.l.; 20.XII.2013 - 10.I.2014; P. Schwendinger leg. [TH-13-14/09]. Remarks. The species is new to the fauna of Thailand. Distribution. Yunnan, China (Zhao & Li 2014), Thailand.Published as part of Tanasevitch, Andrei V., 2017, New species and new records of linyphiid spiders from the Indo-Malayan Region (Araneae, Linyphiidae), pp. 325-346 in Zootaxa 4227 (3) on page 341, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4227.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/26832
Acrolocha wahuiense Zhong, Zhao & Li 2009
No full textAcrolocha wahuiense Zhong, Zhao & Li, 2009 (Figs. 1–8) Acrolocha wahuiense Zhong, Zhao & Li, 2009: 295 Material examined. CHINA: SICHUAn: 9 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀: Ganzi Tibet. Aut. Pref., Batrang Co., Shalui Shan, 55 km NE Batang, 30°17'N 99°31'E. 4300 m a.s.l., Picea forest, bark, mushrooms, spruce needles. 01.07.1999. M. Schülke leg. (cSch, cSh). Remarks. Acrolocha wahuiense Zhong, Zhao & Li, 2009 was originally described from “Mt. Wahui, Sichuan...”. The new record is located from about 200 km westwards from the type locality in the same province. The punctation of the pronotum in some specimens can vary from moderately dense to very sparse, with wide impunctate portion in the middle. Besides that, some specimens have very dense and sparse microreticulation in the middle of the pronotum, while other specimens are with very indistinct meshes or without it. Some studied specimens have larger body size (2.50 mm) than that in the original description (1.75–2.18 mm).Aedeagus as in Figs. 1–2; male abdominal tergite VIII as in Fig. 3; male abdominal sternite VIII as in Fig. 4; female abdominal tergite VIII as in Fig. 5; female abdominal sternite VIII as in Fig. 6; female accessory sclerite as in Fig. 7; spermatheca as in Fig. 8.Published as part of Shavrin, Alexey V., 2022, New species and records of Omaliini McLeay, 1825 from Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae), pp. 457-471 in Zootaxa 5169 (5) on page 459, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5169.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/695268
Burmalema Zhao & Li 2022, gen. nov.
No full textBurmalema Zhao & Li, gen. nov. Type species. Burmalema shan Zhao & Li, sp. nov. Diagnosis. The new genus resembles Telema Simon, 1882 by lacking a cymbial apophysis, but it can be distinguished by the following: belt-shaped tibial glands (vs. plate-shaped); ratio of embolus/bulb lengths ca. 0.80 (vs. less than 0.42), and twisted embolus (vs. triangular or nearly needle-shaped); females can be distinguished by the L-shaped endogyne with long and sclerotized tubes (vs. cane shaped, with membranous tubes). The new genus can be distinguished from all the other genera of Telemidae by the absence of a cymbial apophysis (vs. presence). Description. Total length 1.25–1.53, carapace 0.52–0.90 long. Eyes vestigial. Carapace, sternum, endites, labium and legs light brown. Endites longer than wide; labium wider than long. Tibia I 0.90–1.00. Leg formula 1243. In male, length of cymbium> femur> tibia> patella; prolateral cymbial apophysis absent; embolus spiraled and long relative to bulb. Endogyne simple, with tube inside, expended distally. Distribution. Myanmar. Etymology. The generic name is derived from “ Burma ”, referring the name of type locality, Myanmar, and “-lema” is a convention from Telema, the type genus of the family; feminine in gender. Species included. Burmalema shan sp. nov.Published as part of Lin, Yejie, Zhao, Huifeng, Koh, Joseph K H & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Taxonomy notes on twenty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from Asia, pp. 198-270 in Zoological Systematics 47 (3) on page 238, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2022303, http://zenodo.org/record/717585
Synthesis and application of some novel functional polymers via controlled radical polymerization and click chemistry
Full text linkThe objective of this thesis was to prepare thermoresponsive PEG-based
homopolymers and copolymers by combination of cobalt-mediated catalytic
chain-transfer polymerization (CCTP) and thiol-ene “click” chemistry and
prepare well-defined glycopolymers via “living” polymerization and “click”
chemistry.
The effect of different catalysts for the nucleophilic mediated thiol-ene
reaction was investigated using model compounds, both monomers and
oligomers obtained by CCTP. Different catalysts, including pentylamine and
hexylamine (primary amines), triethylamine (tertiary amine), and two different
phosphines, dimethylphenylphosphine (DMPP) and tris(2-carboxyethyl)
phosphine (TCEP), were investigated in the presence of different thiols. The
optimum reaction conditions for nucleophile mediated thiol-ene click reactions
were investigated.
Thermoresponsive PEG-based homopolymers and copolymers of
OEGMEMA obtained by CCT were modified using thiol-ene click chemistry
with a variety of different functional thiol compounds to yield functional
thermoresponsive polymers in high yield. The effect of different solvent systems
for based catalyzed thiol-ene reaction was investigated in the presence of
different functional thiols.
The ATRP polymerization of TMS-PgMA and TIPS-PgMA and ROP
polymerization of aliphatic polyester were investigated. A maleimide functional
initiator was used in order to achieve post conjugation of nanoparticles for drug
delivery. Moreover, the disulfide based bifunctional initiator was introduced into
the midpoint of the polymer chain, which could break down to afford the
corresponding polymer chain with thiol end group under the reducing condition.
The thiol-terminated polymer was also post-functionalized via thiol-ene click
chemistry. In addition, the aliphatic polycarbonate is a biocompatible and
biodegradable polymer, which is widely used in medical and pharmaceutical
applications. The subsequent introduction of sugar moiety to the reactive
polymer chain via CuAAC click reaction and then the interactions between
glycopolymers and lectins were investigated by Surface Plasmon Resonance
(SPR) and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D).
The controlled SET-LRP polymerization of TMS-PgMA and SET-RAFT
polymerization PgMA with the intact alkyne at ambient temperature were
investigated. A maleimide functional initiator and CPDB, as the chain transfer
agent have been employed. The introduction of maleimide moiety was to allow
for post polymerization conjugation to peptides via reaction with cysteines. The
subsequent introduction of sugar azides to click with the reactive polymer
containing alkyne group and the glycopolymers through CuAAC was also
investigated. The glycopolymer has been successfully prepared combining the
SET-LRP/SET-RAFT and CuAAc click chemistry at ambient temperature
Mekonglema chiangmai Zhao & Li 2022, sp. nov.
No full textMekonglema chiangmai Zhao & Li, sp. nov. (Figs 40–41) Diagnosis. This species resembles M. kaorao Zhao & Li, 2020 by having the tip of the embolus directed dorsally, but can be distinguished by the following characters which are distinct for a subtroglophile: six eyes encircled by black, blue or dark brown carapace (vs. typical characters of troglobiont, such as vestigial eyes, light yellow or pale carapace or abdomen); the ratio of the length of embolus/bulb less than 0.50 (vs. larger than 0.90); the spermathecae with tiny tubes (vs. one large tube only). Description. Male (holotype, Fig. 40A). Total length 0.97. Carapace 0.41 long, 0.34 wide. Abdomen 0.56 long, 0.50 wide. Carapace dark brown with sparse black dots. Six eyes encircled by black, clypeus height 0.07. Chelicerae, legs, labium, and endites light brown. Leg measurements: I 2.09 (0.59, 0.12, 0.60, 0.40, 0.38), II 1.93 (0.62, 0.12, 0.52, 0.34, 0.33), III 1.31 (0.44, 0.12, 0.36, 0.24, 0.16), IV 1.87 (0.60, 0.12, 0.52, 0.32, 0.32). Pair of distinct lateral scutae. Abdomen dark blue. Palp (Figs 40B–D). Tibia 2.25 times longer than patella, cymbium 1.67 times longer than tibia, cymbial apophysis 1.5 times longer than width of cymbial base. Tibia and cymbium brown with black dots. Bulb nearly globular, embolus directed towards to cymbium, ratio of embolus/bulb length ca. 0.49. Female (IZCAS-Ar43302, Figs 40A – B). Total length 1.09. Carapace 0.38 long, 0.38 wide. Abdomen 0.71 long, 0.63 wide. Six eyes distinct and ringed with black, clypeus height 0.08. Coloration darker than male. Leg measurements: I 1.99 (0.63, 0.09, 0.59, 0.34, 0.34), II 1.65 (0.50, 0.09, 0.44, 0.31, 0.31), III 1.24 (0.34, 0.09, 0.31, 0.25, 0.25), IV 1.80 (0.56, 0.09, 0.50, 0.34, 0.31). Abdomen dark brown. Genitalia (Fig. 40C). Insemination entrance membranous; spermatheca ellipsoid with membranous, tiny tubes. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar43298), Thailand: Chiang Mai, Chai Prakarn County, Ngam Cave (19.6557°N, 99.1006°E, elev. 644 m), 23 November 2016, S. Li et al., leg. Paratypes. 1♂ 3♀ (IZCAS-Ar43299–Ar43302), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.Published as part of Lin, Yejie, Zhao, Huifeng, Koh, Joseph K H & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Taxonomy notes on twenty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from Asia, pp. 198-270 in Zoological Systematics 47 (3) on pages 240-245, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2022303, http://zenodo.org/record/717585
Milema nuichua Zhao & Li 2022, sp. nov.
No full textMilema nuichua Zhao & Li, sp. nov. (Figs 44–45) Diagnosis. This species resembles M. sai Zhao & Li, sp. nov., but can be distinguished by the following characters: the distal tibia is wider than the basal cymbium of male palp, the irregular bulb as shown in Figs 44C–D (vs. nearly ellipsoidal), tip of embolus sclerotized (vs. membranous); spermatheca membranous with no tube inside (vs. many membranous tubes and one sclerotized tube). Description. Male (holotype, Fig. 44A). Total length 0.90. Carapace 0.40 long, 0.36 wide. Abdomen 0.50 long, 0.40 wide. Carapace brown. Six eyes ringed with black, clypeus height 0.12. Chelicerae, legs, labium, and endites light brown. Leg measurements: I 2.06 (0.63, 0.16, 0.56, 0.40, 0.31), II 1.72 (0.49, 0.12, 0.48, 0.32, 0.31), III 1.38 (0.44, 0.12, 0.35, 0.24, 0.23), IV 1.43 (0.41, 0.12, 0.40, 0.25, 0.25). Abdomen dark blue. Palp (Figs 44B–D). Tibia 2.28 times longer than patella, cymbium 1.63 times longer than tibia, length of cymbial apophysis as wide as cymbial base; bulb shaped as shown in Figs 44C–D, curved dorso-medially; embolus as shown in Figs 44B–D, short relative to bulb, sclerotized distally. Female (IZCAS-Ar43306, Figs 45A–B). Total length 0.95. Carapace 0.52 long, 0.44 wide. Abdomen 0.44 long, 0.48 wide. Six eyes ringed with black, clypeus height 0.10. Carapace brown with black radial stripes. Sternum, endites and labium dark brown, legs yellow marked by brown dots. Leg measurements: I 1.78 (0.52, 0.12, 0.52, 0.31, 0.31), II 1.51 (0.44, 0.12, 0.40, 0.27, 0.28), III 1.16 (0.31, 0.12, 0.28, 0.23, 0.22), IV 1.48 (0.47, 0.12, 0.38, 0.27, 0.24). Abdomen brown. Genitalia (Fig. 45C). Endogyne sac-like without tube, short relative to epigyne. Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar43308), Vietnam: Ninh Thuan, Nui Chua National Park, leaf litter (11.7261°N, 109.1856°E, elev. 70 m), 30 August 2015, Q. Zhao, Y. Li leg. Paratypes. 1♂ 2♀ (IZCAS-Ar43309–Ar43311), same data as holotype. Distribution. Known only from the type locality. Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.Published as part of Lin, Yejie, Zhao, Huifeng, Koh, Joseph K H & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, Taxonomy notes on twenty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from Asia, pp. 198-270 in Zoological Systematics 47 (3) on pages 245-246, DOI: 10.11865/zs.2022303, http://zenodo.org/record/717585
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