913 research outputs found
Isopropyl 3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoate protects lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by attenuating pyroptosis- Supplemental Material
No full textThis dataset is supplemented to the manuscript entitled 'Mei-Ling Zhang1, Meng Wang1, Jian Chen1, Yan-Jie Liu1, Ya-Jie Yu, Li-Min Liu, Xiao-Hui Zheng, Ying-Chou Xiao, Jun-Ming Zhang, Meng-Xue Zhu, Xian Yue, Ye Zhao*, Wen Niu* and Zhi-Chao Li*, Isopropyl 3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropanoate protects lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by attenuating pyroptosis'.Appendix 1. Immunofluorescence staining analysis of Gsdmd expression (red stain) and the LPS-stimulated macrophages marker CD68 (green stain). The nuclei (blue stain) were counter-stained using DAPI staining solution. Appendix 2. Assays for apoptosis of THP-1 macrophages. (a) Control and (b) 180 μg/ml of IDHP administration.Appendix 3. Cell viability was measured by CCK8 assay.Appendix 4. Flow cytometry analyzed ROS production in THP-1 macrophages stimulated by LPS with or without IDHP pretreatment: (a) Control, (b) IDHP (180 μg/ml), (c) LPS (1 μg/ml), (d) IDHP (180 μg/ml) + LPS (1 μg/ml)
Ages, geochemistry and metamorphism of the neoarchean basement in Shandong province : implications for evolution of the eastern block, North China Craton
No full textThe Archean basement rocks in Shandong Province are important components of the Eastern Block in the North China Craton, consisting predominantly of granitoid gneisses with minor mafic and felsic supracrustal rocks and charnockites. They are exposed, from west to east, in the Luxi Granite-Greenstone Terrane, Yishui Terrane and Jiaodong Terrane, of which the low-grade Luxi Granite-Greenstone Terrane has been well studied, whereas little work has been done on the medium- to high-grade Yishui and Jiaodong Terranes. Controversies have long surrounded the timing of crustal growth and tectonic setting of these two terranes. This project is designed to resolve these issues by integrating field investigations, petrography, geochronology, geochemistry and metamorphism of the Yishui and Jiaodong Terranes.
New zircon U-Pb data from the major lithologies have revealed that the Jiaodong Terrane experienced multi-stage magmatism at ~2.9 Ga, ~2.7 Ga and 2.6-2.5 Ga followed by two metamorphic events at ~2.50 Ga and 1.9-1.8 Ga, whereas the Yishui Terrane underwent single magmatism at 2.57-2.53 Ga followed by a single metamorphic event at ~2.50 Ga. Zircon Hf isotopic data have revealed that the Jiaodong Terrane underwent juvenile crustal growth with significant ancient crustal material additions at 3.4-3.1 and 2.8-2.7 Ga, while the Yishui Terrane experienced juvenile crustal growth with significant addition of crustal material at 2.8-2.7 Ga. Both the Jiaodong and Yishui Terranes experienced crustal reworking with minor juvenile additions at 2.6-2.5 Ga.
Whole-rock compositions and Nd isotopes from the Jiaodong granitoid gneisses suggest that their protoliths are typical Archean tonalitic-trondhjemitic-granodioritic (TTG) suite. They are high in SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, Sr and Sr/Y ratios, but low in MgO, K2O, TiO2, Cr, Ni, Y and Mg#. They are generally enriched in light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements, depleted in heavy rare earth elements and high field strength elements, with slight Eu anomalies. Two groups of granitoid gneisses have been recognized: low- and high-HREE groups, of which the former was generated from partial melting of metabasaltic rocks leaving eclogite in the residue, whereas the latter was formed by partial melting of metabasaltic rocks leaving garnet-amphibolite in the residue. Whole-rock Nd isotopes reveal that the protoliths of Mesoarchean granitoid gneisses were derived mainly from juvenile sources, whereas the early Neoarchean granitoid gneisses were derived from juvenile sources with significant additions of crustal material and the late Neoarchean granitoid gneisses were mainly derived from continental crustal sources. These features indicate that the protoliths of the Jiaodong granitoid gneisses were possibly formed by partial melting of thickened lower crust related to underplating of mafic magmas.
Mafic granulites (~2.50 Ga) of the Yishui Terrane show three distinct mineral assemblages corresponding to the pre-peak, peak and post-peak metamorphic stages, with P-T conditions constrained at 660-730℃/<6.6 kbar, 800-820℃ /8.0-8.5 kbar and 686-710℃/7.6-8.6 kbar, respectively, by using THERMOCALC pseudosection modeling. The results define an anticlockwise P-T path involving near-isobaric cooling following the peak metamorphism, suggesting that the ~2.50 Ga metamorphism was most likely related to the intrusion and underplating of mantle-derived magmas.
Collectively, the results of this study suggest that the underplating of mantle-derived magmas was most likely related to a mantle plume, which is favored to account for the significant Neoarchean crustal growth and the large-scale metamorphism at the end of Neoarchean in Shandong Province as well as the whole Eastern Block in the North China Craton.published_or_final_versionEarth SciencesDoctoralDoctor of Philosoph
Normal deviation for a special class of fast slow system with multiplicative noise
No full textIn this paper, we investigate normal deviation principles for a specific category of a fast slow system driven by multiplicative noise. By establishing an equivalent transformation framework, we decouple the original coupled system into a fast slow system. Through employing the martingale approach, we derive explicit normal deviation for the multi-scale system. Furthermore, comprehensive numerical simulations are conducted to validate the theoretical findings and demonstrate the practical implications of our results
Dissecting the Role of Cortical Inhibitory Neurons in the SYNGAP1 Neurodevelopmental Disorder
No full textSynGAP (Synaptic Ras-GTPase-activating protein) is a synaptic protein that is associated with severe neurodevelopmental disorders. Individuals with SYNGAP1 mutations exhibit intellectual disability, autism, epilepsy, and sensory processing deficits. The circuit mechanisms that underlie SYNGAP1-related neurodevelopmental disorders are not well understood. Previous studies have shown that a decrease in SynGAP in mice can cause cognitive deficits by disrupting the development of excitatory glutamatergic connections. However, emerging evidence suggests that SynGAP also plays a critical role in the development and function of inhibitory neurons. It is unclear to what extent SYNGAP1 expression in inhibitory neurons contributes to cortical circuit function and related behaviors.
To address this question, I recorded layer II/III neurons in the mouse primary somatosensory cortex (wS1) while mice learned to perform a whisker tactile detection task. I found that mice carrying inhibitory neuron-specific SYNGAP1 haploinsufficiency displayed learning deficits characterized by elevated behavioral responses in the absence of relevant sensory input and premature responses to a sensory input unrelated to reward acquisition. These behavioral deficits were associated with specific circuit abnormalities within wS1: reduced whisker responses, increased detrimental neuronal correlations and elevated responses to irrelevant sensory stimuli.
These findings suggest that a decrease of SynGAP in inhibitory neurons impairs sensory representation in the primary sensory cortex. This impairment likely contributes to the deficits observed in SYNGAP1-related neurodevelopmental disorders.PhDMolecular, Cellular, and Developmental BiologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/177752/1/zmeiling_1.pd
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Timely Signals of Systematic Audit Quality from Market Participants: Evidence from Activist Short-Seller Campaigns
No full textExtant studies generally focus on signals of systematic audit quality from regulatory oversight of auditors, which can take up to several years to be revealed. Using a sample of firms targeted by activist short sellers (activists) for financial misreporting, I examine whether capital market participants provide credible and timely signals of systematic audit quality at the auditor office level. I find that activists provide timely signals of systematic audit failures at auditor offices of targeted firms (targeted offices) that exist across audits of concurrent non-targeted firms, and that these signals persist for three years on average. I also find that activist signals are more informative when the activists are more credible. Further, I document that non-targeted clients dismiss targeted offices following activist campaigns, but only when the activists are relatively credible, suggesting that clients recognize the variation in the quality of activist signals and respond accordingly. Finally, I find that audit failures revealed by activists are less persistent than those not revealed by activists, indicating that activists facilitate auditor offices’ remediation of systematic audit quality problems. Overall, my study highlights activist short-seller campaigns as a credible and timely channel through which systematic audit quality of auditor offices is signaled by market participants.Release after 04/27/202
Phylogenetic relationships and estimation of divergence times among Sisoridae catfishes
No full textNineteen taxa representing 10 genera of Sisoridae were subjected to phylogenetic analyses of sequence data for the nuclear genes Plagl2 and ADNP and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome . The three data sets were analyzed separately and combined into a single data set to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among Chinese sisorids. Both Chinese Sisoridae as a whole and the glyptosternoid taxa formed monophyletic groups. The genus is likely to be the earliest diverging extant genus among the Chinese Sisoridae. The four species included in the study formed a monophyletic group. was indicated to be earliest diverging glyptosternoid, followed by and . Our data supported the conclusion that and both formed a monophyletic group. On the basis of the fossil record and the results of a molecular dating analysis, we estimated that the Sisoridae diverged in the late Miocene about 12.2 Mya. The glyptosternoid clade was indicated to have diverged, also in the late Miocene, about 10.7 Mya, and the more specialized glyptosternoid genera, such as , originated in the Pleistocene (within 1.9 Mya). The speciation of glyptosternoid fishes is hypothesized to be closely related with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Nineteen taxa representing 10 genera of Sisoridae were subjected to phylogenetic analyses of sequence data for the nuclear genes Plagl2 and ADNP and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome . The three data sets were analyzed separately and combined into a single data set to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among Chinese sisorids. Both Chinese Sisoridae as a whole and the glyptosternoid taxa formed monophyletic groups. The genus is likely to be the earliest diverging extant genus among the Chinese Sisoridae. The four species included in the study formed a monophyletic group. was indicated to be earliest diverging glyptosternoid, followed by and . Our data supported the conclusion that and both formed a monophyletic group. On the basis of the fossil record and the results of a molecular dating analysis, we estimated that the Sisoridae diverged in the late Miocene about 12.2 Mya. The glyptosternoid clade was indicated to have diverged, also in the late Miocene, about 10.7 Mya, and the more specialized glyptosternoid genera, such as , originated in the Pleistocene (within 1.9 Mya). The speciation of glyptosternoid fishes is hypothesized to be closely related with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Association between nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2) gene polymorphisms and Parkinson’s disease (PD) susceptibility
No full textWe, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, have retracted the following article:Meiling Xu, Shuangyan Zhang, Hong Zhao, Chi Ma & Yujun Pan (2019) Association between nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2 (NOD2) gene polymorphisms and Parkinson’s disease (PD) susceptibility. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 47:1, 2134–2138, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2019.1617730It has come to our attention that the full authorship list and affiliations for this manuscript were changed after the article was submitted. In addition, the location of the study site and the ethics committee were also changed. We have contacted the authors for an explanation, but we have not received a response within the requested timeframe. As determining authorship and the location of where the research was conducted, is core to the integrity of published work, we are therefore retracting the article. The authors listed in this publication have been sent notification.We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions.The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’
Biological insights from multi-omics analysis strategies: Complex pleotropic effects associated with autophagy
No full textResearch strategies that combine molecular data from multiple levels of genome expression (i.e., multi-omics data), often referred to as a systems biology strategy, has been advocated as a route to discovering gene functions. In this study we conducted an evaluation of this strategy by combining lipidomics, metabolite mass-spectral imaging and transcriptomics data from leaves and roots in response to mutations in two AuTophaGy-related (ATG) genes of Arabidopsis. Autophagy is an essential cellular process that degrades and recycles macromolecules and organelles, and this process is blocked in the atg7 and atg9 mutants that were the focus of this study. Specifically, we quantified abundances of ~100 lipids and imaged the cellular locations of ~15 lipid molecular species and the relative abundance of ~26,000 transcripts from leaf and root tissues of WT, atg7 and atg9 mutant plants, grown either in normal (nitrogen-replete) and autophagy-inducing conditions (nitrogen-deficient). The multi-omics data enabled detailed molecular depiction of the effect of each mutation, and a comprehensive physiological model to explain the consequence of these genetic and environmental changes in autophagy is greatly facilitated by the a priori knowledge of the exact biochemical function of the ATG7 and ATG9 proteins.This article is published as Ding G, Mugume Y, Dueñas ME, Lee YJ, Liu M, Nettleton DS, Zhao X, Li L, Bassham DC and Nikolau BJ (2023) Biological insights from multi-omics analysis strategies: Complex pleotropic effects associated with autophagy. Front. Plant Sci. 14:1093358. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1093358. © 2023 Ding, Mugume, Dueñas, Lee, Liu, Nettleton, Zhao, Li, Bassham and Nikolau. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
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