742,255 research outputs found
Synthesis and application of some novel functional polymers via controlled radical polymerization and click chemistry
No full textThe objective of this thesis was to prepare thermoresponsive PEG-based
homopolymers and copolymers by combination of cobalt-mediated catalytic
chain-transfer polymerization (CCTP) and thiol-ene “click” chemistry and
prepare well-defined glycopolymers via “living” polymerization and “click”
chemistry.
The effect of different catalysts for the nucleophilic mediated thiol-ene
reaction was investigated using model compounds, both monomers and
oligomers obtained by CCTP. Different catalysts, including pentylamine and
hexylamine (primary amines), triethylamine (tertiary amine), and two different
phosphines, dimethylphenylphosphine (DMPP) and tris(2-carboxyethyl)
phosphine (TCEP), were investigated in the presence of different thiols. The
optimum reaction conditions for nucleophile mediated thiol-ene click reactions
were investigated.
Thermoresponsive PEG-based homopolymers and copolymers of
OEGMEMA obtained by CCT were modified using thiol-ene click chemistry
with a variety of different functional thiol compounds to yield functional
thermoresponsive polymers in high yield. The effect of different solvent systems
for based catalyzed thiol-ene reaction was investigated in the presence of
different functional thiols.
The ATRP polymerization of TMS-PgMA and TIPS-PgMA and ROP
polymerization of aliphatic polyester were investigated. A maleimide functional
initiator was used in order to achieve post conjugation of nanoparticles for drug
delivery. Moreover, the disulfide based bifunctional initiator was introduced into
the midpoint of the polymer chain, which could break down to afford the
corresponding polymer chain with thiol end group under the reducing condition.
The thiol-terminated polymer was also post-functionalized via thiol-ene click
chemistry. In addition, the aliphatic polycarbonate is a biocompatible and
biodegradable polymer, which is widely used in medical and pharmaceutical
applications. The subsequent introduction of sugar moiety to the reactive
polymer chain via CuAAC click reaction and then the interactions between
glycopolymers and lectins were investigated by Surface Plasmon Resonance
(SPR) and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D).
The controlled SET-LRP polymerization of TMS-PgMA and SET-RAFT
polymerization PgMA with the intact alkyne at ambient temperature were
investigated. A maleimide functional initiator and CPDB, as the chain transfer
agent have been employed. The introduction of maleimide moiety was to allow
for post polymerization conjugation to peptides via reaction with cysteines. The
subsequent introduction of sugar azides to click with the reactive polymer
containing alkyne group and the glycopolymers through CuAAC was also
investigated. The glycopolymer has been successfully prepared combining the
SET-LRP/SET-RAFT and CuAAc click chemistry at ambient temperature
Liang zi guang li xue de Hamidun liang
No full textCheung, Hoi Kit = 量子光力學的哈密頓量 / 張凱傑.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2014.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-109).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 07, November, 2016).Cheung, Hoi Kit = Liang zi guang li xue de Hamidun liang / Zhang Kaijie
Whittieria engelmannii Li Bing Zhang & Liang Zhang ex Li Bing Zhang, Liang Zhang & X. Wan 2022, comb. nov.
No full textWhittieria engelmannii (Prantl 1883: 351) Li Bing Zhang & Liang Zhang ex Li Bing Zhang, Liang Zhang & X.Wan, comb. nov. Basionym: Ophioglossum engelmannii Prantl (1883: 351) ≡ “ Whittieria engelmannii (Prantl) Li Bing Zhang & Liang Zhang ” (2022: 24), nom. inval. Type:— U.S.A. Texas: Comanche Spring, New Braunfels, May 1849, F.J. Lindheimer 1281 (lectotype MO201251!, here designated, isolectotypes FI003993!, K001057659!, MEXU00085077!, MEXU00000139!, TEX00348044!). Remaining syntypes: U.S.A. Texas: May 1849, F.J. Lindheimer 95 (MO251338!). U.S.A. Texas: Comanche Spring, Bexar County, May 1849, F.J. Lindheimer 53 (GH00021725!, FI003992!). Notes:— In the protologue (Prantl 1883), there were no specific gatherings cited but only “Nordamerika” (North America) was given. According to Stafleu & Cowan (1983: 379), K.A.E. Prantl’s herbarium and types are mainly at “HBG (esp. Pteridophyta)”. We searched the database of HBG (www.herbariumhamburgense.de), and only found three gatherings of Ophioglossum from Namibia and South Africa. In Tropicos (tropicos.org), four gathering are indicated as “T” (type) or “ST” (syntypes). We found three of the four gatherings in various herbaria (see above) in JSTOR (plants.jstor.org) but could not find Engelmann s.n collected before 1883. We here designated the one of the duplicates of F.J. Lindheimer 1281 at MO as the lectotype. This species has three unique features: growing in basic soils, double venation (large areoles of the sterile blade subdivided into smaller areoles; Wagner & Wagner 1994), and 71 days of spore germination time (Whittier 1981, Zhang & Zhang 2022). Distribution:— United States, Mexico, and Central America.Published as part of Wan, Xia, Zhang, Liang & Zhang, Li-Bing, 2022, Validation and lectotypification of the fern combination Whittieria engelmannii (Ophioglossaceae), pp. 205-206 in Phytotaxa 567 (2) on pages 205-206, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.567.2.10, http://zenodo.org/record/714165
Rhopobota fanjingensis Zhang, Li & Wang 2005
No full text9. Rhopobota fanjingensis Zhang, Li & Wang, 2005 Rhopobota fanjingensis Zhang, Li & Wang, 2005: 276. Distribution. China (Guizhou).Published as part of Zhang, Aihuan & Li, Houhun, 2012, Descriptions of five new species of the genus Rhopobota Lederer (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) in China, along with a checklist of all the described Chinese species, pp. 373-382 in Zootaxa 3478 on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28228
Rhopobota bucera Zhang, Li & Wang 2005
No full text6. Rhopobota bucera Zhang, Li & Wang, 2005 Rhopobota bucera Zhang, Li & Wang, 2005: 278. Distribution. China (Shaanxi).Published as part of Zhang, Aihuan & Li, Houhun, 2012, Descriptions of five new species of the genus Rhopobota Lederer (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) in China, along with a checklist of all the described Chinese species, pp. 373-382 in Zootaxa 3478 on page 379, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.28228
Zvenella scalpratus Ma & Zhang 2012
No full text34 Zvenella scalpratus Ma & Zhang, 2012 Material examined. CHINA, Yunnan: 1♂: Yangbi Shunbi, 26.VI.2005, leg. Aimin Shi; 1♀: Yangbi Shunbi, 16.VIIII.2009, leg. Fuming Shi; 1♂: Puer, Meizihu, 27.VIIII.2009, leg. Ruilian Li. Remark. This species was only known from Hainan province.Published as part of Yuan, Li-Lan, Xu, Fei, Wang, Xiao-Xiao, Zhang, Dong-Xiao, Xie, Guang-Lin & Liu, Hao-Yu, 2021, Checklist of the infraorder Gryllidea (Orthoptera: Ensifera) from Yunnan province, China, with description of one new species, pp. 492-504 in Zootaxa 4995 (3) on page 502, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4995.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/505742
Rhopobota furcata Zhang, Li & Wang 2005
No full text11. <i>Rhopobota furcata</i> Zhang, Li & Wang, 2005 <p> <i>Rhopobota furcata</i> Zhang, Li & Wang, 2005: 275. <b>Distribution</b>. China (Gansu).</p>Published as part of <i>Zhang, Aihuan & Li, Houhun, 2012, Descriptions of five new species of the genus Rhopobota Lederer (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) in China, along with a checklist of all the described Chinese species, pp. 373-382 in Zootaxa 3478</i> on page 379, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/282284">10.5281/zenodo.282284</a>
Rhopobota orbiculata Zhang, Li & Wang 2005
No full text17. <i>Rhopobota orbiculata</i> Zhang, Li & Wang, 2005 <p> <i>Rhopobota orbiculata</i> Zhang, Li & Wang, 2005: 276. <b>Distribution.</b> China (Gansu).</p>Published as part of <i>Zhang, Aihuan & Li, Houhun, 2012, Descriptions of five new species of the genus Rhopobota Lederer (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) in China, along with a checklist of all the described Chinese species, pp. 373-382 in Zootaxa 3478</i> on page 380, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/282284">10.5281/zenodo.282284</a>
Chinaocerus Zhang & Li 2016
No full textGenus Chinaocerus Zhang & Li, 2016 Chinaocerus Zhang & Li, 2016: 237. Type-species: Chinaocerus bispinatus Zhang & Li, by original designation. Chinaocerus Zhang & Li; Xue, Viraktamath & Zhang, 2016: 406; Zhang & Webb, 2018: 584. Medium-sized leafhoppers. Length usually from 4.9 to 6.2 mm. Body generally yellowish brown to pale brown, with black to dark brown markings on head and thorax. Head broader than pronotum, shagreen. Face shagreen, slightly wider across eyes than long. Ocelli near or above ends of fronal sutures, closer to adjacent eyes than to each other. Anteclypeus projecting beyond genae, expanded apically, lateral margins slightly concave at midlength. Antenna with distal part of flagellum dilatated in male. Lora small, slightly elevated above level of genae. Pronotum shagreen with anterior margin convexly rounded, lateral margins moderately long, posterior margin slightly concave. Scutellum shagreen subtriangular, slightly broader than long, and slightly longer than pronotum. Forewing with three subapical cells, outer subapical cell smallest, central and outer cells closed, inner subapical cell open; four apical cells, outer apical cell longest; appendix moderately broad. Hind femoral macrosetae 2+0, hind tibial macrosetae PD14–17, AD5–6, AV7–8. Hind basitarsus with three platellae. Pygofer elongate and narrow, with dorsal anterior apodeme poorly developed, distinctly finely dentate along caudoventral margin, without ventral process. Anal collar well developed with narrow and elongate processes. Subgenital plates elongate with long fine setae. Male valve distinctly wider than long, anterior margin straight, posterior margin undulate with rounded median projection. Style long, apophysis evenly curved, and usually bearing a row of fine lateral setae. Connective T-shaped, heavily pigmented. Aedeagus with prominent basal apodeme expanded laterad, aedeagal shaft tubular and slightly compressed, with pair of subapical processes, gonopore situated subapically on posterior surface. Female ovipositor strongly projecting beyond pygofer. Sternite VII convexly produced, posterior margin of median area narrowly concave in ventral view. Second valvula regularly broadened in lateral view, bearing approximately 10–27 teeth along dorsal margin. Chinaocerus differs from Idiocerus in having the caudoventral margin of the male pygofer dentate (except in C. sexspinosus Zhang & Webb), a pair of subapical processes arising from the ventral surface of the aedeagal shaft and the female with a more elongate ovipositor.Published as part of Liu, Guihua, Yang, Hefeng, Li, Guoqing, Chen, Zhenning & Zhang, Bin, 2022, A new species of the idiocerine leafhopper genus Chinaocerus Zhang & Li (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from northwest China, with a checklist and key to species, pp. 445-450 in Zootaxa 5105 (3) on page 446, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5105.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/633287
Dryodurgades dentistlylus Zhang & Li
No full textDryodurgades dentistlylus Zhang & Li Dryodurgades dentistlylus Zhang & Li, 1998. Distribution: China (Guizhou).Published as part of Zhang, Bin, 2011, Review of the leafhopper genus Dryodurgades Zachvatkin (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) with description of a new species from China, pp. 47-54 in Zootaxa 3093 on page 48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20337
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