1,721,492 research outputs found
Therapeutic Trials in Human Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies: Recent Advances and Problems to Address
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Prion2022-pushing the boundaries
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Liquordiagnostik in der Intensivmedizin
No full textWie Fruchtwasser den Fetus umgibt Liquor cerebrospinalis das Zentralnervensystem, schützt es mechanisch, unterstützt es metabolisch sowie immunologisch und kann mit meist verhältnismäßig geringer Invasivität gewonnen werden. Aufgrund dieser Aspekte besitzt die Liquoranalyse eine große diagnostische Bedeutung
Rapidly progressive dementias — aetiologies, diagnosis and management
No full textRapidly progressive dementias (RPDs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders that include immune-mediated, infectious and metabolic encephalopathies, as well as prion diseases and atypically rapid presentations of more common neurodegenerative diseases. Some of these conditions are treatable, and some must be diagnosed promptly because of their potential infectivity. Prion disease is considered to be the prototypical RPD, but over the past two decades, epidemiological reports and the identification of various encephalitis-mediating antibodies have led to a growing recognition of other encephalopathies as potential causes of rapid cognitive decline. Knowledge of RPD aetiologies, syndromes and diagnostic work-up protocols will help clinicians to establish an early, accurate diagnosis, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality, especially in immune-mediated and other potentially reversible dementias. In this Review, we define the syndrome of RPD and shed light on its different aetiologies and on secondary factors that might contribute to rapid cognitive decline. We describe an extended diagnostic procedure in the context of important differential diagnoses, discuss the utility of biomarkers and summarize potential treatment options. In addition, we discuss treatment options such as high-dose steroid therapy in the context of therapy and diagnosis in clinically ambiguous cases
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