160,461 research outputs found
"Xiangqun Zeng"
No full textNews article"In the past year and a half, Xiangqun Zeng, assistant professor of chemistry, has established a vigorous research program at Oakland including a cutting-edge research laboratory that has attracted undergraduate and graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers.
Optimal beaconing control for epidemic routing in delay tolerant networks
No full textOwing to the uncertainty of transmission opportunities between mobile nodes, the routing in delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) exploits the mechanism of opportunistic forwarding. Energy-efficient algorithms and policies for DTN are crucial to maximizing the message delivery probability while reducing the delivery cost. In this contribution, we investigate the problem of energy-efficient optimal beaconing control in a DTN. We model the message dissemination under variable beaconing rate with a continuous-time Markov model. Based on this model, we then formulate the optimization problem of the optimal beaconing control for epidemic routing and obtain the optimal threshold policy from the solution of this optimization problem. Furthermore, through extensive numerical results, we demonstrate that the proposed optimal threshold policy significantly outperforms the static policy with constant beaconing rate in terms of system energy consumption savings
Thalictrum bouffordii Y. P. Zeng, Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang 2021, sp. nov.
No full textThalictrum bouffordii Y. P. Zeng, Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang, sp. nov. (Figs. 1‒4). Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Tianquan county, Xingou town, along G318 highway, near Chizhuping, 29°53′16.75″N, 102°21′21.77″E, on moist cliffs in ravine, 1690 m, 6 July 2020, Y. P. Zeng & Q. L. Huang 352 (holotype IBSC, barcode unavailable; isotypes CDBI, IBSC, PE, barcodes unavailable). Description:—Perennial herbs. Roots fibrous. Stem to 100 cm tall, striate, distally branched. Leaves 2‒4-ternate; blade triangular, 10‒25 cm long and broad; leaflets ovate, broadly ovate or rhombic, 1‒3 cm long, 0.8‒2.5 cm broad, papery, both sides glabrous, green on adaxial side, pale green on abaxial side, base rounded or subcordate, apex obtuse or acute, 3-lobate; lobes entire or 2‒3-lobate, apex obtuse or acute; veins flat adaxially, slightly raised abaxially; petiole slender, 1.5‒10 cm long; stipule membranous, margin torn. Inflorescence a many-flowered corymbiform compound monochasium, dichotomous; rachis glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Pedicels 0.8‒1.5 cm long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Flowers bisexual, erect. Sepals 4‒5, caducous, cymbiform-elliptic, ca. 4 mm long, ca. 2 mm broad, whitish tinged with purplish to distinctly purple, abaxially pubescent. Stamens ca. 60, 6‒ 7 mm long; filaments clavate, ca. 5.5 mm long, purplish; anthers oblong, ca. 1.5 mm long, apex obtuse, white. Carpels 6‒10, sessile, ca. 2 mm long; ovary lunate-fusiform, shallowly ribbed, ca. 1 mm long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; style ca. 1 mm long, recurved at apex; stigma conspicuous, linear, ca. 0.5 mm long. Immature achenes sessile, ca. 3 mm long; body fusiform, profoundly ribbed, pubescent; style persistent, recurved at apex. Distribution and habitat:— Thalictrum bouffordii is currently known from Luding, Shimian and Tianquan counties in the Qionglai mountains region in western Sichuan, China (Fig. 5). It grows along forest margins or on moist cliffs in ravines at altitudes of 1360‒3200 m above sea level. Phenology:—Flowering from June to October; fruiting from July to November. Etymology:—It is a great privilege to name our new species in honor of Dr. David E. Boufford with Harvard University Herbaria, one of the greatest hunters of Chinese plants. His specimens of Chinese plants are among the finest ever made, a real joy to study. As a member of the editorial board of the Flora of China completed in 2011, Dr. Boufford is also a very active researcher of Chinese plants and a most helpful friend of many Chinese plant taxonomists, including the third author of this paper. Additional specimens examined:— CHINA. Sichuan: Luding, K.Y. Lang, L.Q. Li & Y. Fei 1351 (KUN0689899, PE01108835, PE01108836), G.H. Xu 26353 (CDBI0026148, CDBI0026149); Shimian, C.C. Hsieh 41833 (IBSC0090544, PE00471029, PE00471091, SZ00092282, SZ00092301, WUK, barcode unavailable), Shimian Exped. 78-1050 (SM704604597, SM704604743); Tianquan, D.F. Chamberlain & F.T. Pu 148 (CDBI0026494), X.J. He & Q.S. Zhao 171869 (SZ00571393, SZ00571413, SZ00571414, SZ00571415), X.J. He & Q.S. Zhao 190519 (SZ00578647, SZ00578648), X.J. He & Q.S. Zhao 192292 (SZ00571336, SZ00571337, SZ00571338), K.C. Kuan & W.T. Wang 3247 (K, barcode unavailable, PE00471028, PE00471030), N. Liu ELS008 (BNU0020049), C. Pei 8268 (NAS00187295, NAS00187297, SZ00092590), D.Y. Peng 46583 (CDBI0026159, IBSC0090429), Sichuan Econ. Plant Exped. 540 (PE00471031, PE00471033), P.C. Tai & C.M. Teng 4378 (SZ00092589), H.L. Tsiang 34799 (IBK00012648, IBSC0090351, PE00471035, SZ00092274), H.L. Tsiang 35238 (NAS00187277, PE00470992, SZ00092272), Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 355 (IBSC, barcode unavailable). Conservation status:— Thalictrum bouffordii is currently known from Luding, Shimian, and Tianquan counties in the Qionglai mountains region in western Sichuan, China. The two populations in Luding and Tianquan, which we visited in 2020, consist of at least 100 individuals each. However, the size of the population in Shimian remains unknown. The conservation status of T. bouffordii should be considered as “Data Deficient (DD)” before adequate information of this species is acquired (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2019). Notes:— Thalictrum bouffordii is most closely similar to T. xinningense Wang (2017: 408) (Figs. 6‒8) in habit and having clavate filaments, apically recurved styles, and sessile, profoundly ribbed and pubescent achenes, but differs by having proximally glabrous (vs. densely pubescent) stem (Figs. 3D, 7D), inflorescence a many-flowered corymbiform compound monochasium (vs. a thyrse) (Figs. 1, 2, 3B, 4B, 6, 7B, 8), abaxially pubescent (vs. glabrous) sepals (Figs. 3I, 4G, 7I), and purplish (vs. white) filaments (Figs. 3J, 4H, 7J) (also see Wang 2017, 2018a). Geographically T. bouffordii occurs in western Sichuan, whereas T. xinningense is widely distributed in southern Chongqing, northern Fujian, northern Guangdong, northern Guangxi, eastern Guizhou, southwestern Hubei, Hunan, northern Jiangxi, and southern Zhejiang (Zeng et al. 2020a); both species are thus geographically isolated from each other (Fig. 5). As mentioned above, specimens of Thalictrum bouffordii had all been previously misidentified as T. javanicum. Indeed, T. bouffordii is somewhat similar to T. javanicum in habit, but differs by having abaxially pubescent (vs. glabrous) sepals, purplish (vs. white) filaments, and pubescent (vs. glabrous) achenes (also see Backer & Bakhuizen van den Brink 1963). Moreover, as noted by Zeng et al. (2020b), previous records of the occurrence of T. javanicum in China might be a mistake caused by the misapplication of this name to the relevant Chinese populations. The descriptions of T. javanicum in the Chinese floristic works by various authors, including Anonymous (1972, 1976, 2014), Wang & Wang (1979), Wang (1985, 1991, 1993, 2000, 2003, 2004, 2018a), Lin & Zhao (1985), Li (1986), Lin (1992), Liu (2000), Fu & Zhu (2001), Luo & Luo (2008), Wang & Liu (2016), and Xie et al. (2016), have been made mainly based on Chinese specimens, not on material from the type locality, i.e. Java in Indonesia. These Chinese specimens actually belong to T. nepalense Wang (2018b: 641), T. xinningense, and our new species as well, respectively. An identification key to T. bouffordii and its closely similar species including T. javanicum, T. nepalense and T. xinningense is given below.Published as part of Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong & Yang, Qin-Er, 2021, Thalictrum bouffordii (Ranunculaceae), a new species from the Qionglai mountains region in western Sichuan, China, pp. 18-28 in Phytotaxa 510 (1) on pages 18-26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/542624
Thalictrum minshanicum Y. P. Zeng, Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang 2021, sp. nov.
No full text1. Thalictrum minshanicum Y. P. Zeng, Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang, sp. nov. Figs. 1, 3, 4. Type:— CHINA. Sichuan: Pingwu county, along Road S205, near Baima town, 32°44′59.83″N, 104°18′44.47″E, in forests, alt. 2090 m, 28 June 2020, Y. P. Zeng & Q. L. Huang 337 (holotype IBSC, barcode unavailable; isotypes CDBI, IBSC, PE, barcodes unavailable). Description:—Perennial herbs. Roots fibrous, distally tuberose. Stem to 150 cm tall, striate, puberulent, distally branched. Leaves 2‒4-ternate; blade triangular, 10‒18 cm long, 10‒18 cm broad; leaflets obovate, orbicular or broadly ovate, 1‒3 cm long, 1‒3 cm broad, herbaceous, both sides puberulent, green on adaxial side, pale green on abaxial side, base rounded or subcordate, apex obtuse or acute, 3-lobate; lobes entire or 2‒3-lobate, apex obtuse or acute; veins flat adaxially, slightly prominent abaxially; petiole slender, 3‒10 cm long; stipule membranous, margin torn. Inflorescence compound monochasia, corymbiform; rachis sparsely puberulent. Pedicels 1‒1.5 cm long, sparsely puberulent. Flowers bisexual, erect. Sepals 4‒5, caducous, elliptic, ca. 5 mm long, ca. 2.5 mm broad, white or purplish, glabrous. Stamens 45‒60, ca. 7 mm long; filament clavate, ca. 5.5 mm long, purplish; anther oblong, ca. 1.5 mm long, apex obtuse, white. Carpels 6‒10, sessile, ca. 2 mm long; ovary lunate-fusiform, shallowly ribbed, ca. 1 mm long; style slightly recurved, ca. 1 mm long; stigma conspicuous, linear, ca. 0.6 mm long. Achenes sessile, ca. 4 mm long, glabrous; body fusiform, profoundly ribbed; style persistent, slightly recurved at apex. Distribution and habitat:— Thalictrum minshanicum is currently known from southern Gansu (Wudu, Zhugqu) and northwestern Sichuan (Beichuan, Pingwu) (Fig. 5) in the Min Shan region of China. It grows in thickets or forests on slopes at altitudes of 1400‒2090 m above sea level. Phenology:—Flowering from June to August; fruiting from August to September. Etymology:—The specific epithet is derived from the Min Shan region, where the new species occurs. Additional specimens examined:— CHINA. Gansu: Wudu, P.C. Kuo 5090 (WUK, barcode unavailable); Zhugqu, P.C. Kuo 5390 (WUK, barcode unavailable). Sichuan: Beichuan, C.L. Tang et al. 269 (CDBI0026275, CDBI0026276); Pingwu, Anonymous 121 (CDBI0026442, CDBI0026443), Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 330 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), Y.P. Zeng & Q.L. Huang 448 (IBSC, barcode unavailable). Conservation status:— Thalictrum minshanicum is currently known from four populations in southern Gansu and northwestern Sichuan, China. The population in Pingwu, northwestern Sichuan, which we rediscovered recently, consists of no more than 100 individuals. The size of the other three populations remains unknown. The conservation status of T. minshanicum should therefore be considered as “Data Deficient (DD)” before adequate information of this species is acquired (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2019). Notes:— Thalictrum minshanicum is most closely similar to T. brevisericeum Wang & Wang (1974: 603) (Figs. 6, 7) in habit and in having puberulent stem and leaves, but differs by having conspicuously 3-lobate (vs. slightly 3-lobate) leaflets, glabrous (vs. abaxially puberulent) sepals, longer (ca. 7 mm vs. ca. 4 mm) and clavate (vs. oblanceolate-linear) filaments, conspicuous (vs. inconspicuous) stigmas, and persistent styles slightly recurved (vs. circinate) at apex (Figs. 3, 4). Thalictrum brevisericeum is widely distributed in China’s eastern and southern Gansu, western Henan, central and western Shaanxi, southwestern Shanxi, northwestern Sichuan, and northwestern Yunnan (Wang & Wang 1979, Fu & Zhu 2001, Wang 2018a; Fig. 5). Populations of northwestern Yunnan have been treated as a variety, i.e. var. angustiantherum Wang (2018a: 88). Another variety from Heishui in northwestern Sichuan, var. pentagynum Wang (2018a: 88), actually should belong to T. uncinulatum Franchet ex Lecoyer (1885: 169), a species distributed in Chongqing, Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan, China (Zeng et al. 2021a). As mentioned before, specimens of Thalictrum minshanicum have been previously misidentified as T. javanicum or T. ramosum. Thalictrum minshanicum differs from T. javanicum (Fig. 8) by having puberulent stem and leaves and apically slightly recurved (vs. circinate) styles. From T. ramosum (Figs. 9, 10) it differs by having puberulent (vs. glabrous) leaves, longer stamens (ca. 7 mm vs. ca. 3 mm), and elliptic-fusiform (vs. lanceolate) achenes. It is to be noted that the true Thalictrum javanicum probably does not occur in China. The Chinese specimens previously identified as T. javanicum should belong to two recently described species. Those with a corymbiform inflorescence and widely distributed in China’s southern Chongqing, northern Guangdong, northern Guangxi, eastern Guizhou, southwestern Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi and southern Zhejiang belong to T. xinningense Wang (2017: 408) (Wang 2018a, Zeng et al. 2021b), and those with a paniculiform inflorescence and widely distributed in China’s northeastern Chongqing, western Guizhou, northwestern Hubei, southern Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, and in Nepal, belong to T. nepalense Wang (2018b: 641). The independent specific status of T. sessile Hayata (1913: 6) from China’s Taiwan, a species previously treated as a synonym of T. javanicum (Wang & Wang 1979, Li 1986, Liu 2000, Fu & Zhu 2001), has been reinstated by Wang (2018a). In fact, Liu & Hsieh (1976) and Yang & Huang (1989, 1996, 2008) recognized T. sessile as an independent species. Indeed, further studies are needed to clarify the delimitation and geographical distribution of T. javanicum.Published as part of Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong & Yang, Qin-Er, 2021, Thalictrum minshanicum and T. pseudoramosum (Ranunculaceae), two new species from China, pp. 133-148 in Phytotaxa 502 (2) on pages 133-134, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.502.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/542498
Thalictrum longistipitatum Y. P. Zeng, Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textThalictrum longistipitatum Y. P. Zeng, Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang, sp. nov. (Figs. 2, 9‒11). Type:— CHINA. Yunnan: Dêqên, Yunling town, on the way from Xidang spring to Yubeng village, in forests on mountain slopes, alt. 3450 m, 11 July 2021, Y.P. Zeng & Y.F. Luo 528 (holotype IBSC, barcode unavailable; isotypes KUN, PE, barcodes unavailable). Fig. 11. Diagnosis:— Thalictrum longistipitatum is closely related to T. hengduanshanense, but differs by having apically abruptly recurved (vs. straight) pedicels and shorter styles (ca. 1 mm vs. ca. 2 mm long). Description:—Perennial herbs. Roots fibrous. Stem 35‒60 cm tall, distally branched, glandular-pubescent. Leaves 2‒3-ternate; blade triangular, 5‒10 cm long, 4‒10 cm broad; leaflets broadly obovate, obliquely broadly obovate, suborbicular or broadly ovate, 0.5‒2 cm long, 0.5‒2 cm broad, herbaceous, both sides densely glandularpubescent, adaxially green and abaxially pale green, base rounded or subcordate, apex obtuse or acute, 3-lobate; lobes entire or 1‒2-crenate, apex obtuse or acute; veins submerged adaxially, raised abaxially; petioles glandular-pubescent, 0.5‒4 cm long; stipules sheath-like or free, obliquely ovate, membranous, margin entire. Inflorescence a panicle, many-branched, sub-corymbiform, glandular-pubescent. Pedicels 2‒4 cm long, apically abruptly recurved, glandularpubescent. Flowers bisexual, drooping. Sepals 4‒5, broadly elliptic, ovate or broadly ovate, 2‒3 mm long, 1.5‒2 mm broad, abaxially glandular-pubescent, whitish or tinged with pinkish; basal nerves 3‒5, simple or branched. Stamens 9‒12, 2‒3 mm long; filaments narrowly oblanceolate-linear, 1.4‒2.0 mm long, white; anthers oblong, 0.6‒0.9 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm broad, apex obtuse, white. Carpels 3‒6, ca. 2.5 mm long, glandular-pubescent, subsessile; ovary obliquely narrowly obovate, ca. 1 mm long; style ca. 1.2 mm long, apically slightly recurved; stigma lanceolate. Achenes 7‒9 mm long, densely glandular-pubescent, long stipitate; stipe 3‒6 mm long; body narrowly lunate-fusiform, shallowly ribbed, compressed; style persistent, apically recurved, ca. 0.6 mm long. Chromosome number unknown. Phenology:—Flowering from June to August; fruiting from July to September. Distribution and habitat:— Thalictrum longistipitatum is currently known only from northwestern Yunnan (Dêqên) and southeastern Xizang (Bomi, Zayu), China (Fig. 13). It grows in conifer-broadleaved forests on mountain slopes at elevations of 3100‒3450 m above sea level. Etymology:—The specific epithet of the new species, “ longistipitatum ”, refers to its impressively long stipes of achenes. Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— CHINA. Xizang: Bomi, W.Q. Fei 58 (IBSC, barcode unavailable), L. Wang, X.Q. Guo & Y.P. Zeng 3350 (IBSC, barcode unavailable); Zayu, B.S. Li, S.Z. Cheng & Z.C. Ni 7224 (PE00767246), Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 73-230 (KUN0690505, KUN0690506, PE00450030, PE00450031). Yunnan: Dêqên, Qinghai-Xizang Exped. 130 (HITBC, herb. no. 074526), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 136 (PE01569411), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 137 (PE01569412), L. Xie & J.F. Mao 138 (PE01569413). Conservation status:— Thalictrum longistipitatum is currently known only from four populations in northwestern Yunnan (Dêqên) and southeastern Xizang (Bomi, Zayu), China. Both Bomi and Dêqên populations consist of more than 100 individuals. The size of the Zayu population remains unknown. The conservation status of T. longistipitatum should therefore be considered as “Data Deficient (DD)” before adequate information of this species is acquired (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2019).Published as part of Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong & Yang, Qin-Er, 2022, Thalictrum hengduanshanense and T. longistipitatum (Ranunculaceae), two new species from southeastern Xizang and northwestern Yunnan, China, pp. 1-20 in Phytotaxa 571 (1) on pages 6-16, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.571.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/727042
Fusicolla guangxiensis Z. Q. Zeng, C. Liu & W. Y. Zhuang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textFusicolla guangxiensis Z.Q. Zeng, C. Liu & W.Y. Zhuang, sp. nov.FIGURE 3 Fungal Names: FN570866 Etymology:—Referring to the type locality of the fungus. Typification:— China, Guangxi autonomous region, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, 21°54′40′′ N, 107°55′24′′ E, on rotten twig, 10 December 2019, Z.Q. Zeng & H.D. Zheng, 12537 (CGMCC 3.20679). Description: —Colonies on PDA reaching 20−22 mm diam. after 2 wk at 25 °C, slimy appearance due to abundant sporulation on medium surface. Orange in center, pale luteous at margin. Colonies on MEA reaching 34−37 mm diam. after 2 wk at 25 °C, slimy surface, orange to pale yellow. Colonies on SNA reaching 32−34 mm diam. after 2 wk at 25 °C, aerial mycelium rare to absent, light yellow. Colonies on OA reaching 47−50 mm diam. after 2 wk at 25 °C, aerial absent with slimy appearance due to abundant sporulation on medium surface, pale yellow to buff. Asexual stage fusarium-like. Conidiophores arising directly from somatic hyphae, simple or rarely branched, monochasial, straight, hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate or with basal septum. Macroconidia on PDA long-fusiform, somewhat curved falcate, acute at both ends, a few slightly hooked at both ends, hyaline, smooth, (0–)1(–3)-septate, (12–)15–29 × 1.3–2.3 µm (av. 22.13 × 1.88 µm) (n = 30). Macroconidia on OA, 0–3(–4)-septate, (12–)31–49 × 2.2–3.3 µm (av. 41.6 × 2.9 µm) (n = 30). Microconidia absent. Sexual stage not observed.Published as part of Liu, Chang, Zhuang, Wen-Ying, Yu, Zhi-He & Zeng, Zhao-Qing, 2022, Two new species of Fusicolla (Hypocreales) from China, pp. 165-174 in Phytotaxa 536 (2) on pages 169-170, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.536.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/625760
Thalictrum bouffordii Y. P. Zeng, Q. Yuan & Q. E. Yang 2021
No full textKey to Thalictrum bouffordii and its closely similar species 1a. Stamens 6‒7 mm long; achenes pubescent........................................................................................................................................2 1b. Stamens 3‒5 mm long; achenes glabrous...........................................................................................................................................3 2a. Sepals pubescent abaxially; filaments purplish................................................................................................................ T. bouffordii 2b. Sepals glabrous; filaments white................................................................................................................................... T. xinningense 3a. Inflorescence a thyrse; stamens 14‒20............................................................................................................................. T. nepalense 3b. Inflorescence dichotomous and corymbiform; stamens 40‒60....................................................................................... T. javanicumPublished as part of Zeng, You-Pai, Yuan, Qiong & Yang, Qin-Er, 2021, Thalictrum bouffordii (Ranunculaceae), a new species from the Qionglai mountains region in western Sichuan, China, pp. 18-28 in Phytotaxa 510 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/542624
The role of vadose zone physics in the ecohydrological response of a Tibetan meadow to freeze–thaw cycles: TP_Eco_201618
No full textThe presented data, describing the 3-year ecohydraulic dynamics of a Tibetan meadow ecosystem, is generated from the article: Yu, L., Fatichi, S., Zeng, Y., & Su, Z. (2020). The role of vadose zone physics in the ecohydrological response of a Tibetan meadow to freeze-thaw cycles. The cryosphere, 14(12), 4653-4673. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-4653-2020
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PERSISTENT HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM E-WASTE IN CHINA
No full textVarious classes of persistent:halogenated compounds (PHCs) can be released into the environment due to improper handling and disposal of electronic waste (e-waste), which creates severe environmental problems and poses hazards to human health as well. In this review, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), polybrominated phenols (PBPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), and chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (CIPAHs) are the main target contaminants for examination. As the world's largest importer and recycler of e-waste, China has been under tremendous pressure to deal with this huge e-waste situation. This review assesses the magnitude of the e-waste problems in China based on data obtained from the last several years, during which many significant investigations have been conducted. Comparative analyses of the concentrations of several classes of toxic compounds, in which e-waste recycling sites are compared with reference sites in China, have indicated that improper e-waste handling affects the environment of dismantling sites more than that of control sites. An assessment of the annual mass loadings of PBDEs, PBBs, TBBPA, PBPs, PCDD/Fs, and CIPAHs from e-waste in China has shown that PBDEs are the dominant components of PHCs in e-waste, followed by CIPAHs and PCDD/Fs. The annual loadings of PBDEs. CIPAHs, and PCDD/Fs emission were estimated to range from 76,200 to 182,000, 900 to 2,000 and 3 to 8 kg/year, respectively. However. PCDD/Fs and CIPAHs should not be neglected because they are also primarily released from e-waste recycling processes. Overall, the magnitude of human exposure to these toxics in e-waste sites in China is at the high end of the global range. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1237-1247. (C) 2010 SETACEnvironmental SciencesToxicologySCI(E)EI49REVIEW61237-12472
Comment on “Intravenous Lidocaine Compared with Quadratus Lumborum Block on Postoperative Analgesia Following Laparoscopic Renal Surgery: Protocol for a Randomized Noninferiority Trial” [Letter]
No full textXuefan Zeng,1,* Yiwei Wang2,* 1Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 2Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medical, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xuefan Zeng, Chongqing Medical University, No. 21, Mid University Town Road, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]
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