152 research outputs found

    Fig. 2 in Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response

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    Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree of SaNES/LIS protein within representative samples of known plant TPSs. The neighbor-joining tree was drawn using MEGA 7.0 (Kumar et al., 2016). Bootstrap values from 1000 replicates were used to assess the robustness of the trees.Published as part of Zhang, Xinhua, Teixeira da Silva, Jaime A., Niu, Meiyun, Zhang, Ting, Liu, Huanfang, Zheng, Feng, Yuan, Yunfei, Li, Yuan, Fang, Lin, Zeng, Songjun & Ma, Guohua, 2021, Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response, pp. 1-12 in Phytochemistry (112610) 183 on page 4, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112610, http://zenodo.org/record/829192

    Escherichia coli (Migula, 1895) Castellani & Chalmers

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    <i>5.5. Expression of recombination SaNES/LIS in E. coli and purification</i> <p> For heterologous expression, the <i>SaNES/LIS</i> cDNA fragments were amplified using high-fidelity DNA polymerase PrimerStar (Takara Bio Inc.) and cloned into the pET-28a vector at <i>Bam</i> HI and <i>Xho</i> I sites using specific primers (Table 2). The infusion constructs were verified by DNA sequencing at BGI. The recombinant plasmids were then transformed into the <i>E. coli</i> Rossetta 2 (DE3) strain. A single positive colony was incubated overnight at 37 ◦ C and shaken at 200 rpm in Luria-Bertani (LB) liquid medium with 34 μg/ml chloramphenicol and 100 μg/ml kanamycin. Overnight cultures were diluted 1: 100 with LB supplemented with the same antibiotics as described above until an OD 600 between 0.6 and 0.8 was achieved. IPTG was then added to a final concentration of 0.2 mM and the culture was incubated for an additional 24 h at 16 ◦ C and 150 rpm. Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 7000 <i>g</i> and 4 ◦ C for 5 min, and pellets were resuspended in lysis buffer (10 mM imidazole, 300 mM NaCl, 50 mM NaH 2 PO 4, pH 8.0) containing 1 mM PMSF and 0.5 mg /ml lysozyme. The incubated pellets were disrupted by sonication for 30 cycles (pulse on for 5 s, pulse off for 5 s, 30% amplitude) and the lysate was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 30 min. Recombinant His-tagged protein was purified by loading the lysate onto Ni-NTA Hispur Resin according to the manufacturer’ s protocol. The eluted proteins were further desalted on a PD-10 desalting column following the method by Jones et al. (2011). Protein concentration was determined by the Bradford (1976) method. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Coomassie blue staining was used to confirm the presence of purified recombinant proteins.</p>Published as part of <i>Zhang, Xinhua, Teixeira da Silva, Jaime A., Niu, Meiyun, Zhang, Ting, Liu, Huanfang, Zheng, Feng, Yuan, Yunfei, Li, Yuan, Fang, Lin, Zeng, Songjun & Ma, Guohua, 2021, Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol / linalool synthase gene involved in stress response, pp. 1-12 in Phytochemistry (112610) (112610) 183</i> on page 10, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112610, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8291922">http://zenodo.org/record/8291922</a&gt

    NIR-II Light-Activated Gold Nanorods for Synergistic Thermodynamic and Photothermal Therapy of Tumor

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    There are tricky challenges in tumor therapy due to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, inevitably inhibiting the treatment efficacy of the traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT), radiation therapy (RT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Herein, to overcome tumor hypoxia limitation, we constructed a near-infrared II (NIR-II) light-triggered thermodynamic therapy (TDT) nanoplatform of Au@mSiO2-AIPH@PCM/PEG (ASAPP) by integrating the Au nanorods (Au NRs) and thermally activated alkyl free radical-releasing molecules (AIPH). Au NRs@mSiO2 was used as a photothermally responsive material and AIPH carrier, and the hot-melt phase-change material (PCM) was used as a capping agent to prevent leakage of AIPH during blood circulation. Upon NIR-II light irradiation, heat-triggered free radical release from AIPH was successfully achieved for killing cancer cells in vitro and in vivo without oxygen dependence, leading to synergistically enhanced antitumor therapy

    Santalum album

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    <i>3.1. Identification of a bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase in S. album</i> <p> It is well known that essential oils extracted from the heartwood of sandalwood have important economic value. More than 100 terpenoids have been identified from the essential oil of sandalwood heartwood, comprising four main sesquiterpenols, α-, β-, and <i>epi</i> -β- santalol and α- <i>exo</i> -bergamotol, and a large number of minor components, such as bisabolol, (<i>E</i>)-nuciferol, and nerolidol (Baldovini et al., 2011). Several TPSs in <i>S. album</i>, including SaSSY, SamonoTPS1, SasesquiTPS1, SaSQS1, SaSQS2, SaBS, and SaTPS1 to SaTPS3, have been functionally characterized (Jones et al., 2008, 2011; Srivastava et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2019). Additionally, a few TPSs in other <i>Santalum</i> species, such as SauSSY, SspiSSY, SauBS, SspiBS, and SspiTPS4, have been reported (Jones et al., 2011; Moniodis et al., 2015). The majority of these TPSs contribute to aromatic essential oil in heartwood. SaTPS1, which mainly produced α- terpineol, (<i>E</i>)-α- bergamotene and sesquisabinene, and SaTPS3, which mainly produced (<i>E</i>)-β- farnesene, (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol and (<i>E, E</i>)-farnesol, were involved in the defensive response of <i>S. album</i> to biotic attack and abiotic stresses (Zhang et al., 2019). In the present study, one novel TPS was selected from the unigenes of transcriptome data from <i>S. album</i> leaves in response to cold stress and further functionally characterized. Recombinant SaNES/LIS generates (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol and linalool utilizing FPP and GPP as substrates, respectively. Transient expression assays demonstrated that SaNES/LIS produced the same product <i>in planta</i> as that obtained <i>in vitro</i>. Combined with the expression pattern of the <i>SaNES/LIS</i> gene, <i>SaNES/LIS</i> might play another role that does not contribute to essential oils in sandalwood species.</p>Published as part of <i>Zhang, Xinhua, Teixeira da Silva, Jaime A., Niu, Meiyun, Zhang, Ting, Liu, Huanfang, Zheng, Feng, Yuan, Yunfei, Li, Yuan, Fang, Lin, Zeng, Songjun & Ma, Guohua, 2021, Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol / linalool synthase gene involved in stress response, pp. 1-12 in Phytochemistry (112610) (112610) 183</i> on page 5, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112610, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8291922">http://zenodo.org/record/8291922</a&gt

    Application of Symmetry Adapted Function Method for Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Octahedral Biological Macromolecules

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    A method for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of macromolecule assembles, that is, octahedral symmetrical adapted functions (OSAFs) method, was introduced in this paper and a series of formulations for reconstruction by OSAF method were derived. To verify the feasibility and advantages of the method, two octahedral symmetrical macromolecules, that is, heat shock protein Degp24 and the Red-cell L Ferritin, were utilized as examples to implement reconstruction by the OSAF method. The schedule for simulation was designed as follows: 2000 random orientated projections of single particles with predefined Euler angles and centers of origins were generated, then different levels of noises that is signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) =0.1,0.5, and 0.8 were added. The structures reconstructed by the OSAF method were in good agreement with the standard models and the relative errors of the structures reconstructed by the OSAF method to standard structures were very little even for high level noise. The facts mentioned above account for that the OSAF method is feasible and efficient approach to reconstruct structures of macromolecules and have ability to suppress the influence of noise
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