117 research outputs found
Einfluss der Alpung auf produktionstechnische und physiologische Parameter von Kühen mit mittleren bis hohen Milchleistungen
No full textFungal infection induces sex-specific transcriptional changes and alters sexual dimorphism in the dioecious plant Silene latifolia
No full textISSN:1553-7390ISSN:1553-7404ISSN:1553-740
Identification of internal reference genes for gene expression normalization between the two sexes in dioecious white Campion.
No full textQuantitative real time (qRT)-PCR is a precise and efficient method for studying gene expression changes between two states of interest, and is frequently used for validating interesting gene expression patterns in candidate genes initially identified in genome-wide expression analyses, such as RNA-seq experiments. For an adequate normalisation of qRT-PCR data, it is essential to have reference genes available whose expression intensities are constant among the different states of interest. In this study we present and validate a catalogue of traditional and newly identified reference genes that were selected from RNA-seq data from multiple individuals from the dioecious plant Silene latifolia with the aim of studying gene expression differences between the two sexes in both reproductive and vegetative tissues. The catalogue contains more than 15 reference genes with both stable expression intensities and a range of expression intensities in flower buds and leaf tissues. These reference genes were used to normalize expression differences between reproductive and vegetative tissues in eight candidate genes with sex-biased expression. Our results suggest a trend towards a reduced sex-bias in sex-linked gene expression in vegetative tissues. In this study, we report on the systematic identification and validation of internal reference genes for adequate normalization of qRT-PCR-based analyses of gene expression differences between the two sexes in S. latifolia. We also show how RNA-seq data can be used efficiently to identify suitable reference genes in a wide diversity of species
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Songs of the Self: Authorship and Mastery in Minnesang
Get PDFDespite the centrality of medieval courtly love lyric, or Minnesang, to the canon of German literature, its interpretation has been shaped in large degree by what is not known about it—that is, the lack of information about its authors. This has led on the one hand to functional approaches that treat the authors as a class subject to sociological analysis, and on the other to approaches that emphasize the fictionality of Minnesang as a form of role-playing in which genre conventions supersede individual contributions. I argue that the men who composed and performed these songs at court were, in fact, using them to create and curate individual profiles for themselves. The project of these poets is to persuade the audience of their own ethical insight and aesthetic skill. Each, in his own way, seeks to portray himself as the master of all possibilities offered by courtly song.In chapter one, using the manuscript versions of a song by Heinrich von Morungen, I develop a new concept of authorship for the unstable medium of medieval lyric. Drawing on the insights of Material Philology, I show that Morungen anticipated and made use of this instability (or mouvance), imbuing his songs with the imprint of his authorship in a way that allows for the vagaries of oral and even written transmission. In chapter two, I explore the tension between a stable author figure and an unstable medium. Modern editorial practices have oversimplified the transmission of the lyric of Reinmar der Alte in the service of an exaggerated image of him as the virtuoso of joy in suffering unrequited love. Through a close reading of four versions of one of Reinmar’s songs, I argue that the author emerges as the master of the sum of a flexible array of aesthetic and ethical possibilities. In chapter three, I use the conceptual framework developed in these close readings to sketch a broader picture of one poet as an author. Through a survey of Heinrich von Veldeke’s songs, I show that juxtaposing contrasting perspectives throws into relief the implied author as a clerically educated figure who has mastered varied domains of intellectual and aesthetic knowledge and skill. By means of a comparison with the Latin poetry of Peter of Blois, I sharpen the contours of Veldeke’s mode of clerical authorship. The form of authorship that I identify in this dissertation—the author as master of possibilities—is specific to Minnesang, but suggests that there are types of authorship particular to other genres and other moments in time that remain to be defined
Supplementary material from "Has adaptation occurred in males and females since separate sexes evolved in the plant Silene latifolia?"
No full textSupplementary Figure S1. Summary of the estimated expression intensities in contigs with detectable sex biases in expression in S. latifolia males and females due to changes that are mainly in females or males). The changes in each sex, relative to the expression in the hermaphrodite, are indicated using the same notation as in Figure 1, and panels A to D correspond with the panels with the same letters in Figure 2, which shows results for changes specific to females or males; as in that figure, differences significant with P < 0.05, after adjusting for multiple testing ( Benjamini and Hochberg 1995) using multiple Wilcoxon tests are indicated by different letters in the figure.The evolution of separate sexes may involve changed expression of many genes, as each sex adapts to its new state. Evidence is accumulating for sex differences in expression even in organisms that have recently evolved separate sexes from hermaphrodite or monoecious (cosexual) ancestors, such as some dioecious flowering plants. We describe evidence that a dioecious plant species with recently evolved dioecy, Silene latifolia, has undergone adaptive changes that improve functioning in females, in addition to changes that are probably pleiotropic effects of male-sterility. The results suggest pervasive adaptations as soon as males and females evolve from their cosexual ancestor.Zemp, Niklaus; Widmer, Alex; Charlesworth, Deborah (2018): Supplementary material from "Has adaptation occurred in males and females since separate sexes evolved in the plant Silene latifolia?". The Royal Society. Collection. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4158059.v
Supplementary data from "Has adaptation occurred in males and females since separate sexes evolved in the plant Silene latifolia?"
No full textAssembly: GCA_900095335.1 trinity_orf_cap3 assembly for Silene latifolia. Genome assembly: FMHP01000000 Silene latifolia, WGS project FMHP01000000 data. Experiment (32): ERX1495856 Illumina HiSeq 2000 paired end sequencing. Study (2): ERP015793 & PRJEB14171Evolution of sex-biased gene expression in a dioecious plant.The evolution of separate sexes may involve changed expression of many genes, as each sex adapts to its new state. Evidence is accumulating for sex differences in expression even in organisms that have recently evolved separate sexes from hermaphrodite or monoecious (cosexual) ancestors, such as some dioecious flowering plants. We describe evidence that a dioecious plant species with recently evolved dioecy, Silene latifolia, has undergone adaptive changes that improve functioning in females, in addition to changes that are probably pleiotropic effects of male sterility. The results suggest pervasive adaptations as soon as males and females evolve from their cosexual ancestor.Zemp, Niklaus; Widmer, Alex; Charlesworth, Deborah (2018): Supplementary data from "Has adaptation occurred in males and females since separate sexes evolved in the plant Silene latifolia?". The Royal Society. Collection. Data are available in the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA accession no. PRJEB14171
Supplementary Figure S1 from Has adaptation occurred in males and females since separate sexes evolved in the plant <i>Silene latifolia</i>?
Get PDFSummary of the estimated expression intensities in contigs with detectable sex biases in expression in S. latifolia males and females due to changes that are mainly in females or males). The changes in each sex, relative to the expression in the hermaphrodite, are indicated using the same notation as in Figure 1, and panels A to D correspond with the panels with the same letters in Figure 2, which shows results for changes specific to females or males; as in that figure, differences significant with P < 0.05, after adjusting for multiple testing (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995) using multiple Wilcoxon tests are indicated by different letters in the figure
Author Response: The Index Vein Pointing to the Origin of the Migraine Aura Symptom: A Case Series.
No full text3. The 8-Queens Problem and an Approach to Its Solution
No full textis a digitized copy derived from an ACM copyrighted work. It is not guaranteed to be an accurate copy of the author's original work
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