4 research outputs found
Creating a Usable and Effective Digital Intervention to Support Men to Test for HIV and Link to Care in A Resource-Constrained Setting: Iterative Design Based on A Person-Based Approach and Human Computer Interaction Methods.
No full textBACKGROUND: It is challenging to design usable and effective digital health interventions (DHIs). The person-based approach (PBA) has been proposed to incorporate users' perspectives for the design of DHIs. However, it does not explicitly describe the iterative stages of design and evaluation that are essential in moving from early planning to deployment. For this, we draw on methods from human computer interaction (HCI) that have been developed for various situations. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to reflect on the adaptation and synthesis of PBA and HCI approaches to developing DHIs. We present a case study applying both approaches to develop Empowering People through Informed Choices for HIV (EPIC-HIV1), a DHI designed for men living in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, intended to support them in making an informed choice about whether to take an HIV test and, if necessary, engage in care. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the documentation generated during the development of EPIC-HIV1 including findings about requirements, design representations, and the results of iterative rounds of testing. We developed an account of the process, the outcomes, and the strengths and limitations of the design and evaluation techniques applied. We also present the design of EPIC-HIV1 and summarize considerations when designing for hard-to-reach people in such settings. RESULTS: The PBA was applied to deliver a first prototype. This helped identify key messages to convey and how to manage issues such as user privacy, but the resulting prototype was judged by the team not to be engaging for potential users, and it was unclear whether the design was inclusive of people with low digital or health literacy. We therefore introduced methods from HCI to iteratively test and refine the app. Working with local community representatives, we conducted four refinement cycles with 29 participants, adapting and retesting the app until no further changes were needed. Key changes included making it clearer what the consequences of selecting options in the app were and changing wording to minimize misconceptions (eg, that the app would test for HIV) while addressing common concerns about testing and emphasizing long-term benefits of engaging with care, if needed. CONCLUSIONS: Techniques for developing DHIs need to be situationally appropriate. The PBA enabled us to establish both empirical data and theory to design the content of EPIC-HIV1, but it did not directly inform interaction design to make the app usable and effective for the intended users; HCI techniques tailored to the setting enabled us to refine the app to be easy for men with little familiarity with digital technologies to use within the constraints of the setting. Iterative testing ensured the app was easy to use and that the intended clinical messages were communicated effectively
Home-Based Intervention to Test and Start (HITS): a community-randomized controlled trial to increase HIV testing uptake among men in rural South Africa
No full textINTRODUCTION: The uptake of HIV testing and linkage to care remains low among men, contributing to high HIV incidence in women in South Africa. We conducted the "Home-Based Intervention to Test and Start" (HITS) in a 2x2 factorial cluster randomized controlled trial in one of the World's largest ongoing HIV cohorts in rural South Africa aimed at enhancing both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations for HIV testing. METHODS: Between February and December 2018, in the uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal, we randomly assigned 45 communities (clusters) (n = 13,838 residents) to one of the four arms: (i) financial incentives for home-based HIV testing and linkage to care (R50 [$3] food voucher each); (ii) male-targeted HIV-specific decision support application, called EPIC-HIV; (iii) both financial incentives and male-targeted HIV-specific decision support application and (iv) standard of care (SoC). EPIC-HIV was developed to encourage and serve as an intrinsic motivator for HIV testing and linkage to care, and individually offered to men via a tablet device. Financial incentives were offered to both men and women. Here we report the effect of the interventions on uptake of home-based HIV testing among men. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis was performed using modified Poisson regression with adjustment for clustering of standard errors at the cluster levels. RESULTS: Among all 13,838 men ≥ 15 years living in the 45 communities, the overall population coverage during a single round of home-based HIV testing was 20.7%. The uptake of HIV testing was 27.5% (683/2481) in the financial incentives arm, 17.1% (433/2534) in the EPIC-HIV arm, 26.8% (568/2120) in the arm receiving both interventions and 17.8% in the SoC arm. The probability of HIV testing increased substantially by 55% in the financial incentives arm (risk ratio (RR)=1.55, 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.82, p < 0.001) and 51% in the arm receiving both interventions (RR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.87 p < 0.001), compared to men in the SoC arm. The probability of HIV testing did not significantly differ in the EPIC-HIV arm (RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.20, p = 0.70). CONCLUSIONS: The provision of a small financial incentive acted as a powerful extrinsic motivator substantially increasing the uptake of home-based HIV testing among men in rural South Africa. In contrast, the counselling and testing application which was designed to encourage and serve as an intrinsic motivator to test for HIV did not increase the uptake of home-based testing
KEGIATAN PENGOLAHAN DOKUMEN DI BAGIAN INFORMATIKA PADA SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KABUPATEN SUMBA BARAT
No full textThis study aims to analyze how the document management activities in section infor- mation at the Secretariat District of West Sumba. The purpose of this study to find out how the document management activities in sub-section data input, telematics sub-section, sub-section data services. The method used in this study is qualitative research methods. Type of research by the author is a descriptive study. Data collection techniques used were interviews, observation, library research, triangulation of data, and documentation. Subject in this study is the head of telematics, telematics data, input data, data services Kasubag, Academian of documentation, and archival Unpad. The informants were interviewed in person and via telephone. These result indicate that the document mana- gement activities in Section Information the secretariat of the West Sumba District already works quite well particularly confidential documents but in practice there are still many obstacles both in terms of collection of documents, turning up to meet documents are still not well due to lack of facilities and infrastructures are still processing the document.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Bagaimana Kegiatan Pengelolaan Dokumen di Bagian Informatika pada Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Sumba Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana kegiatan penge- lolaan dokumen pada sub bagian data masukan, sub bagian telematika, sub bagian layanan data. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Jenis pene- litian yang penulis lakukan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digu- nakan adalah wawancara, observasi, studi kepus- takaan, triangulasi data, dan studi dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah Kepala Bagian telematika, Kasubag data telematika, Kasubag data masukan, Kasubag layanan data, Akademisi dokumentasi, dan kearsipan Unpad. Para infor- man diwawancarai secara langsung dan melalui telepon. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pengelolaan dokumen di Bagian Infor- matika pada Sekretariat Daerah Kabupaten Sum- ba Barat sudah berjalan dengan cukup baik teru- tama dokumen rahasia namun dalam pelaksana- annya masih banyak kendala baik dari segi peng- umpulan dokumen, sampai dengan temu balik dokumen masih belum baik dikarenakan masih kurangnya sarana dan prasarana pengolahan dokumen
صراع "الدولة الاسلامية عراق وسورية": نظرية نقد الخطاب نورمان فركلوك
No full textمستخلص البحث
صراع "الدولة الإسلامية في عراق وسورية" التي تبدأ في شرق الأوسط. أما تظهر هذا التدفق ممتع مصلحة العامة في كثير البلاد لهم عرب والعجم. وأكثر المسلمين يشعر بقلق عن حدث ذلك بما فيه الإندونيسيا وينتشر بها. يعرف عن الدولة الإسلامية في عراق وسورية هي تدفق القسوة والإرهاب. أما الدولة الإسلامية عراق وسورية هو الدولة مسمى بالإسلام وعندها الحجة لقيام الدولة الخلافة ولكنها ليس بصفة الإسلام في يوميته كمثل قتل الشخص وقطع الرأس وغيرها. ويأخذ الباحث الخطاب من أحمد عبد الحافظ عن هذا الدولة.
في هذا البحث الجامعي استخدم الباحث على أسئلتين، 1) كيف الدولة الإسلامية عراق وسورية في الآونة الأخيرة؟. 2) ما حدث في صراع الدولة الإسلامية في عراق وسورية بنظرية نقد الخطاب نورمان فركلوك؟.
في هذا البحث استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي. ويتكون من البيانات الأساسية والثانوية. فالبيانات الأساسية في هذا البحث هي الخطاب الدولة الإسلامية عراق وسورية بالكاتب أحمد عبد الحافظ. والثانوية هي بعض من كتب اللإسلامية التي تتعلق بها. ويتحلل الباحث الخطاب بنظرية نقد الخطاب نورمان فركلوك.
وكانت النظرية نقد الخطاب نورمان فركلوك لينظر الخطاب عن الدولة الإسلامية عراق وسورية في الوسائل الإعلام، يجب للقارئ نظر إلى من الكاتب: أحمد عبد الحافظ. ومن وسائل الإعلام: Islamstory.com . ومن صاحب الوسائل الإعلام: أ.د. راغب السرجاني. ولأي شيئ يصنع هذه الأخبار ويظهر في وسائل العلام. ذلك أهمية الطريقة ليفهم عن حقائق الخطاب.
ABSTRACT
Keyword: “Islamic State of Irak and Syiria” (ISIS)
The first emerge of Conflict “Islamic State of Irak and Syiria” (ISIS) in Middle-east. There is emerge this group disturb composure of community in country, that is area Arabic and outside of Arabic. Mostly, from moslem begin confused because this happen, belonging to Indonesian now be spread in that country. ISIS group appeared with characteristics that play in violence and terrorism. ISIS group was admitted daulah Islamiyah (Islamic State), where they set up to establish an Islamic state which system of government is using the "Caliphate", however, the nature and deeds of their daily lives do not reflect the nature of all-his Islam. Like killing people, decapitating, and others. The discussion paper here, researchers discuss the related discourse of Ahmad Abdul Khafid about ISIS.
In this study, researchers had 2 formulation of the problem, 1) What is the condition ISIS lately? 2) What happens in Conflict ISIS when viewed from the point of view Criticism Discourse Analysis Theory Norman Fairclough ?
As in this discussion, researchers using qualitative methods, and data consisting of Primary and Secondary. The Primary data is ISIS discourse of Akmad Abdul Khafid. And as for the secondary data is of some Islamic books related to ISIS. The researchers' analysis using Critical Discourse Analysis Theory Norman Fairclough.
The research results of Critical Discourse Analysis Theory Norman Fairclough to see the discourse of media-related ISIS. To elucidate further on to the invalidity of discourse, mandatory for readers to see who is the author? Ahmad Abdul Khafid. Who are the media? Namely Islamstory.com. and who owns the media? Namely Ragheb El-Sergany. And the third thing that determines who will be featured in the news media.
ABSTRAK
Konflik ISIS mencul pertama kali di Timur Tengah. Adapun kemunculan kelompok ini mengganggu ketenangan umat di beberapa negara, yaitu daerah Arab dan Luar arab. Banyak sekali dari orang-orang muslim mulai bingung atas terjadinya peristiwa ini, termasuk Indonesia yang kini sudah menyebar di negara tersebut. Kelompok ISIS ini muncul dengan ciri-cirinya yaitu bermain dalam kekerasan dan terorisme. Kelompok ISIS ini mengaku daulah Islamiyah (Negara Islam), dimana mereka dibentuk untuk mendirikan negara Islam yang sistem pemerintahannya menggunakan “Khilafah”, akan tetapi sifat dan amalan-amalan keseharian mereka tidak mencerminkan sifat ke-Islam-annya. Seperti membunuh orang, memenggal kepala, dan lain-lain. Adapun pembahasan skripsi disini, peneliti membahas wacana terkait ISIS dari Ahmad Abdul Khafid.
Dalam pembahasan ini, peneliti memiliki 2 rumusan masalah, 1) Bagaimana kondisi ISIS akhir-akhir ini? 2) Apa yang terjadi dalam Konflik ISIS bila dipandang menggunakan sudut pandang Teori Analisis Kritik Wacana Norman Fairclough?.
Adapun dalam pembahasan ini, peneliti menggunakan Metode Kualitatif, dan data terdiri dari Primer dan Sekunder. Adapun data Primer adalah wacana ISIS dari Akmad Abdul Khafid. Dan adapun data Sekunder adalah dari beberapa buku Islam yang terkait dengan ISIS. Analisis peneliti menggunakan Teori Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough.
Adapun hasil penelitian dari Teori Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough untuk melihat wacana dari media terkait ISIS. Untuk menelaah lebih jauh tentang ke-absahan wacana, wajib bagi pembaca untuk melihat siapakah penulisnya? Yaitu Ahmad Abdul Khafid. Siapakah medianya? Yaitu Islamstory.com. dan siapa pemilik medianya? Yaitu Ragheb el-Sergany. Dan 3 hal itulah yang menentukan berita yang akan ditampilkan dalam media. Itulah beberapa hal yang penting untuk diperhatiakan dalam memahami kebenaran berita
