127 research outputs found
Biomass‐Derived Materials for Interface Engineering in Organic/Perovskite Photovoltaic and Light‐Emitting Devices
No full textCompared to their inorganic counterparts, organic optoelectronic devices receive considerable attention due to their lower cost, mechanical flexibility, bandgap engineering, and solution processability. In particular, achieving sustainability in solar cells and light emitting devices is an important milestone in the development of green electronics. This has facilitated a close collaboration between different technological fields, opening new ways for low-cost production and application of biomaterials. Recently, biomass materials, mainly derived from plants, animals and microorganisms, have emerged as effective candidates to modify the interfacial properties, and thus enhance the performance, lifetime, and stability of organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Compared to the commonly used synthetic interfacial materials, the use of biomass interlayer materials (BIMs) is still in its embryonic stages; however, their nontoxicity, biorelevance, sustainability, special proton conductivity, and rich functional groups are stimulating researchers around the globe to fabricate novel devices with improved efficiency. Herein, a comprehensive review of BIMs and their importance in next-generation optoelectronic devices is provided. A well-targeted comparison between the electrical and physical properties of different BIMs is provided, and how such characteristics improve the performance of three key optoelectronic devices: OSCs, PVSCs and OLEDs, is discussed
A critical analysis of Persian Poetry of Shah Turab Ali Qalandar
No full text<p>volume = {1}, number = {1}, author = {Zunnoorain Haider Alavi}, title = {A critical analysis of Persian Poetry of Shah Turab Ali Qalandar}, publisher = {Saurabh Chandra}, journal = {SOCRATES}, ISSN 2347-6869 year = {2013}</p
Hydraulic simulations to evaluate and predict design and operation of the Chashma Right Bank Canal
No full textIrrigation systems / Irrigation canals / Flow control / Velocity / Canal regulation techniques / Hydraulics / Simulation models / Design / Operations / Crop-based irrigation / Distributary canals / Water delivery / Policy / Protective irrigation / Water allocation / Water requirements / Sedimentation / Water distribution / Equity / Water conveyance / Pakistan / Chashma Right Bank Canal
Folio
No full textNasir, M. Umar-Essay-Social Deterioration: A Direct Consequence of Work Dishonesty. pp. 1-2; Nisar Ahmed-Essay-Equality and Harmony. pp. 3-4; Shahzad Munawar-Essay-Importance of Ethics and Values. pp. 5-6; Akhtar, S. Mohsin-Father Abraham, have mercy upon us... pp. 7-12; Sobia Kiran-Essay-On Ethics. pp. 13-15; Irshad Ali Rana-Blood Menace. pp. 16-17; Arsalaan Naveed-Essay-The Seeing, See Little. pp. 18-19; Omer Javed Pal-Essay-Personal Values. pp. 20; Dr.Naseem Riaz-Essay-Of Plagiarism. pp. 21-22; Nawazish Ali-Essay-Kindness. pp. 23; Salman Rafi-Essay-Responsibility and Criticism. pp. 24; Zainab Mohsin-Essay-Psychological Problems Faced by Women in Pakistan. pp. 25; Omer Habib-The Invisible Cage. pp. 26; Arooj Waheed-A Quest for Identity. pp. 27; Zishan Fida-Essay-Importance of Education. pp. 29-30; Naqwi, Z. H.-Article-English in the Indian Sub-Continent. pp. 31-37; Johnson, Robert A.-Article-What is a Liberal Arts Education? pp. 38-43; Waseem Anwar-Article-In Search of... A Tradition and A Talent... of Our Own! pp. 44-47; Zeeshan Fida-Essay-Education, Development, and Individual Freedom. pp. 48; Riaz Akbar-Essay-The Age of Political Ideologies. pp. 49-50; Saba Shahid-Essay-The Power of Thinking. pp. 51-52; Usman Khalid-Essay-Technology Vs Nature. pp. 53; Imran Bashir-Essay-White Cane Safety Day. pp. 54-55; Amna Mehreen-Essay-Global Warming-Warning? pp. 56-57; Muhammad Asad-Essay-Who Would Save Our EARTH? pp. 58; Benjamin, S. E.-Essay-Where am I in the Midst of Chemistry? A Glimpse. pp. 59-60; Ashraf, C. M.-Essay-Nutrition, Food and Health in a Triangular Relationship. pp. 61-63; Pervez Hoodbhoy-Essay-Opening Minds with Science in Pakistan. pp. 64-66; Jahanzaib Aslam-Time. pp. 67; Fatima Arif-Man is not his own Worst Enemy. pp. 68-69; Zeeshan Zaighum-Setting the Beauty standards. pp. 70; Nouraiz Ahmed-Do you have Free Will? pp. 71-72; Asif Hussain-Essay-Reflections on the Hannah Arendt's Human Condition. pp. 73-74; Adil Aleem-Essay-Is Modern Civilization a Failure? pp. 75; Fraz Mehmood-To Love and To Work. pp. 76; Luqman Saeed-Essay-Individualistic Approach. pp. 77; Bilkis Hussain-Memories. pp. 78; Omer Habib-Creations Never Die. pp. 79; Haider F. Halim-Essay-No Country for Free Men. pp. 80-81; Sannah Waqar-Essay-Peer Pressure. pp. 82; Nasrullah K. Niazi-Why Not Politics. pp. 83; Zuhair Shabbir-Beauty. pp. 84; Nanees Athar-Essay-Post Colonialism. pp. 85; Salamat-Article-Forman Christian College and the Creation of Pakistan. pp. 87-89; Arif Qureshi-Article-The Quaid-e-Azam, The Titan of Statesmanship. pp. 90-98; Riaz Akbar-Essay-Twentieth Century: The Emancipating Century! pp. 99-100; Usman Zamurd-Essay-The Will of M.A. Jinnah. pp. 101; Inam Daudi-Essay-Universal Suffrage, Rightfully Wrong. pp. 102; Danish Islam-Memoirs of Public Transport. pp. 103-104; Rehan Mahmood-FC through My Eyes. pp. 105; Salman Rafi-Chemistry of Love. pp. 106-107; Sohaib Zaheer-The Effects of Overeating. pp. 108; Azzam Saddique-The Wannabe Syndrome. pp. 109-110; Cartoons. pp. 111-116; Ahmad Javed-Story-Death's Jester. pp. 117-118; Hafiz S. Rasheed-Story-Five Rupees Only. pp. 119-120; Azhar Naseer-Story-Faith. pp. 121-123; Zahra Zafar-Story-Loved you, loves you, will always love you. pp. 124-126; Faiqa-Story-Once I Had A Magic Carpet. pp. 127; Usman Khalid-Story-Waking Up. pp. 128; Syed Aun Iman-Story-The Stranger. pp. 129; Meerab Abdia-Story-Razia's Story. pp. 130-131; Fawzia Afzal-Poetry-Smokescreen. pp. 132; Waseem Anwar-Poetry-Some days...are slow... pp. 132; Jahanzaib Aslam-Poetry-An Idea. pp. 133; Iqbal, M. Haider-Poetry-Birth of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). pp. 133; Adil Aleem-Poetry-Demise of Life. pp. 134; Raja Nausherwan-Poetry-Fading Memories. pp. 134; Sindhu, M.Y.-Poetry-A Tribute to Dr. Tebbe. pp. 135; Safa Aleem-Poetry-Ambivalence. pp. 135; Sadia Nawaz-Poetry-An Elegy. pp. 136; Raja Sufiyan-Poetry-Final Cut. pp. 136; Muhammad Fahad Raza-Poetry-God Almighty. pp. 137; Hafiza Madiha Sadiq-Poetry-Ya Allah. pp. 137; Nabiha Jaffery-Poetry-Impossible. pp. 138; Nada Ashfaq-Poetry-Life. pp. 138; Komal Tariq-Poetry-Loath. pp. 139; Ahmad Javed-Poetry-May. pp. 139; Sobia Kiran-Poetry-Love. pp. 140; Maryam Azhar-Poetry-My Crime? pp. 141; Nauman Ahmad-Poetry-My Dear Friend. pp. 141; Usman Khalid-Poetry-My Valentine. pp. 142; Omer Chattha-Poetry-Palestinians, the Defeated Patriots. pp. 143; Anam Khalid-Poetry-Mend My Broken Heart. pp. 144; Ahmad Javaid-Poetry-Teaching Angel. pp. 144; Sadia Khalid-Poetry-That is the Life. pp. 145; Nabiha Jaffery-Poetry-The Queen of Night. pp. 145; Sadia Riaz-Poetry-To Live Forever. pp. 146; Salma Muazaffar-Poetry-Unforgettable Days. pp. 146; Samson Munawar-Poetry-Guess Me. pp. 147; Ahmad-O the Glorious Sun. pp. 147; Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Autumn. pp. 148; Aneela Gill-Poetry-Trust. pp. 148; Fareeha Quyyum-Poetry-Ultimate End. pp. 149; Hafiza Madiha Sadiq-Poetry-Science in My Eyes. pp. 149; Sadia Nawaz-Poetry-Anglo-Saxon. pp. 150; Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Blooming Flowers. pp. 150; Danish Islam-Poetry-There is No Such Thing As. pp. 151; Iqbal, M. Haider-Poetry-The Invincible. pp. 151; Ahmad Farooq-Poetry-Fairy Land. pp. 152; Bilkis Hussain-Poetry-How did it Get So Late So Soon? pp. 152; Aneeq Badar-Poetry-I wish to Die. pp. 153; Beenish Fatima-Poetry-My Love. pp. 153; Omer Habib-Interview with Justice (Retd.) Wajeeh Ud Din. pp. 155-156; Interview with Muhammad Yousuf. pp. 157-158; Sallah-ud-Din-Reminiscence. pp. 159; Once a Formanite... Always a Formanite. pp. 160-161; Shahid Hassan-Pakistan's Economy. pp. 162-163; Adeel Riaz-Fulbrighters share their American Experience. pp. 164-169; Aftab Nasir-My Experience. pp. 170-171; Tabeeta Abida-Article-Reflection on Regional Capacity Building (RBC) Training. pp. 172; Asif Hussain-At FC College, We Feel at Home. pp. 173-174; Annual Reports. pp. 175-176; Azzam Saddique-Folio Survey. pp. 177-178; Folio [Urdu]. 120 p.Editorial Board (English). before the Editorial; Cartoons on 6 pages. after page 110; Justice (Retd.) Wajeeh Ud Din. after page 156; Muhammad Yousuf. before page 157; Offices. after page 179; Convocation. after page 179; Alumni. after page 179; Alumni. after page 179; Alumni. after page 179; Sports. after page 179; Sports. after page 179; Sports. after page 179; Sports. after page 179; Societies. after page 179; Societies. after page 179; Societies. after page 179; Societies. after page 179; Societies. after page 179; Festival. after page 179; Music. after page 179; Drama. after page 179; Campus Life. after page 179; Campus Life. after page 179; Campus Life. after page 179; Interview with Dr Anwar Sajjad. after page 6 (Urdu section); Editorial Board (Urdu). before contents page (Urdu section
Parution : Najam Haider, "Shi'i Islam. An Introduction", août-sept.2014, Cambridge University Press.
No full textAuthor: Najam Haider Publication planned for: September 2014 availability: available from September 2014 format: Paperback isbn: 9781107625785 Description During the formative period of Islam, in the first centuries after Muhammad's death, different ideas and beliefs abounded. During this period two particular intellectual traditions emerged, Sunnism and Shi'ism. Sunni Muslims endorsed the historical caliphate, while Shi'i Muslims, supporters of 'Ali, cousin of the Prophet and the fourth cal..
Folio
No full textJonson, Robert-Article-What Interfaith Dialogue Should and Shouldn't be at FCC. pp. 1-3; Suhail Umar-Article-Between Secular Pluralism and Religious Exclusivism. pp. 4-11; Nisar Ahmed-Article-Interfaith Relationship. pp. 12; Abdul Ghani-Article-Religious Harmony. pp. 13-16; Bashir Ahmed Khan-Article-The Politics of Interfaith Dialogue. pp. 17-19; Abur Razzaq Black-Article-The Adobe of Peace. pp. 20-24; Anood Alta-Article-Technology has Replaced Faith. pp. 25; Riaz Akbar Somrai-Article-Peace Exclusive. pp. 26-27; Interview-An Interview with General Pervaiz Musharaf. pp. 29-32; Memoirs from Across the Border. pp. 33-35; Kuldip S. Bajwa-Zulfie, My Friend. pp. 36-37; Ch. Muhammad Aslam-My Memories, My Wealth. pp. 38; Kuldip S. Bajwa-One Upmanship. pp. 39-40; Shakila Noor Sindhu-Folio's Visit to India. pp. 41-42; Mirza Ather Baig-Article-Globalization and Global Claustrophobia. pp. 43-47; Thomson, Carol B.-Article-How People Engage in Global Conversations. pp. 48-49; Marryum Ishaque-Article-Global Economy and Trade Liberalization. pp. 50; Fawzia Afsal-Khan-Article-Edward Said: The Decolonizer as Humanist. pp. 51-56; Hall, Geof M.-Article-Under Western Eyes. pp. 57-62; Nasim Riaz Butt-Article-Of Culture. pp. 63-64; Farid Malik-Article-The Third World, Islamic Ummah and the Third World War. pp. 65-67; Bilkis Hussain-Article-Gender Empowerment for Socio-Economic Development. pp. 68; Omer Habib-Article-Saying Goodbye to Traditions. pp. 69; Aqsa Ijaz-Article-Puppets in the Hands of Society. pp. 70-72; Interview-An Interview with Dr Grace C. Clark. pp. 73-77; Struck, Craig-Article-Coping with Emotional Stress. pp. 78-81; Waseem Anwar-Article-Higher Education. pp. 82-85; Zamir Hussain-My Dear Undergrads and a Ghanaian Poet. pp. 86-87; Muhammad Usman-Educational Stereotypes. pp. 88-89; A. Riaz, S. Nathaniel, R. Javed-Article-A Fullbright Experience: A Dream Come True. pp. 90-94; Nausheen Ishaque-Article-Art versus Morality. pp. 95-97; Iffat Khatoon-Article-The Theatrics of Masking. pp. 98-100; Zoeya Naqvi-Article-On Humour. pp. 101; Azzam Siddique-All that Red Stuff. pp. 102-103; Riaz Akbar Somrai-Article-Paradise Hath Descended on Earth. pp. 104-105; Ashraf, C. M.-Article-Chemistry and Community. pp. 106-108; Bilkis Hussain-Article-Is Science a Bane or a Boon. pp. 109-110; Muhammad Usman-Article-The Technological Evils. pp. 111; Zoeya Naqvi-About Love Unattainable. pp. 112; Pannu, P. S.-Smiling to Glory. pp. 113-114; Inayatullah Khan-Article-Common Sense Ought Not to be so Uncommon. pp. 115-116; Kenneth Pervaiz-Today's Naked Man. pp. 117; Beenish Fatima-No One Wants to be Themselves These Days. pp. 118; Zeeshan Zaighum-Feelings. pp. 119; Usama-Dreams. pp. 120; Burke, Cheryl-What Does a Good Student Look Like. pp. 121; Haider F. Halim-The Golden Registration Day. pp. 122-123; Imran Bashir-Proud to be a Formanite. pp. 124-125; Sundus Maqbool-Do We Even Exist? pp. 126; Haider Farooq-Class Versus Cafeteria. pp. 127; Furqan Ali Akhtar-Conventional Consequences of Academic Achievements. pp. 128; Report-Campus Roundup. pp. 129-132; Kudos to FCC Faculty and Students. pp. 133; Imran Iqbal-International Negotiations. pp. 134; Formanites Alumni Association. pp. 135-136; Foreign Faculty at FCC: A Survey. pp. 137-138; Luqman Saeed-An Immoral Activity. pp. 139; Arooj Wahid-Story-Haji Sahib. pp. 140; Farhan Hashmi-Story-Untitled. pp. 141; Talha Mahboob-Story-If She Could Know. pp. 142-143; Maureen Miscus Crisick-Poetry-Arguing with Sand in Mali. pp. 144; Talha Mahboob-Poetry-Do They Care? pp. 144; Bilkis Hussain-Poetry-Less is More. pp. 145; Ramla Zaheer-Poetry-Dare Face the Challenge. pp. 145; Bilkis Hussain-Poetry-Memories. pp. 146; Umar Tahir-Poetry-Once.... pp. 146; Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Nostalgia. pp. 147; Shaharyar Khan-Poetry-To Dust. pp. 147; Easha Farooq-Poetry-Memories. pp. 148; Aakash Qasir Iqbal-Poetry-Hummingbirds. pp. 148; Jawad, M.-Poetry-Everlasting Attachments.... pp. 149; Arif Qureshi-Poetry-Reminiscences. pp. 149; Birinder Kaur Pannu-Poetry-A Requiem for Our Silky. pp. 150; Junaid Ali-Poetry-Here I am. pp. 150; Awan, M. Shaheer-Poetry-I Desire to Paint You. pp. 151; Uzma Azad-Poetry-Silent Wish. pp. 151; Uzma Azad-Poetry-Some Day. pp. 152; Amber M. Gill-Poetry-Patience. pp. 152; Ramla Zaheer-Poetry-Life Goes On. pp. 153; Awan, M. Shaheer-Poetry-Lost Angel. pp. 153; Jawad, M.-Poetry-The Foggy Trees. pp. 154; Sadia Riaz-Poetry-Tears and Laughter. pp. 154; Hafiz Ali Aziz Khokhar-Poetry-I Shine Now. pp. 155; Nauman Ahmad-Poetry-Life is Ephemeral. pp. 155; Ramla Zaheer-Poetry-To Time and Fate. pp. 156; Muhammad Adeel Ahmad-Poetry-Death of Beauty. pp. 156; Hafiz Ali Aziz-Poetry-What Should I do? pp. 157; Shaheryar Khan-Poetry-What May I Think? pp. 157; Azzam Saddique-Poetry-The Smith. pp. 158; Rao Ayyaz Ahmad-Poetry-Assignment Girls College. pp. 159; Zeeshan Zaighum-Poetry-Divorce. pp. 159; Folio [Urdu]. 146 p.Editorial Board (English). before the Editorial page; Kennedy Hall, Forman Christian College (1959-60). after page 30; Folio team with the President of Pakistan. after page 30; Offices. page 160; Visitors. after page 160; Convocation. after page 160; Sports. after page 160; Societies. after page 160; Drama. after page 160; Music. after page 160; College Life. after page 160; Alumni. after page 160; Sundaisay. after page 16
Combined efficacy of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles and different antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria
No full textSyed Zeeshan Haider Naqvi, Urooj Kiran, Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali, Asif Jamal, Abdul Hameed, Safia Ahmed, Naeem Ali Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Abstract: Biological synthesis of nanoparticles is a growing innovative approach that is relatively cheaper and more environmentally friendly than current physicochemical processes. Among various microorganisms, fungi have been found to be comparatively more efficient in the synthesis of nanomaterials. In this research work, extracellular mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was probed by reacting the precursor salt of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with culture filtrate of Aspergillus flavus. Initially, the mycosynthesis was regularly monitored by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, which showed AgNP peaks of around 400–470 nm. X-ray diffraction spectra revealed peaks of different intensities with respect to angle of diffractions (2θ) corresponding to varying configurations of AgNPs. Transmission electron micrographs further confirmed the formation of AgNPs in size ranging from 5–30 nm. Combined and individual antibacterial activities of the five conventional antibiotics and AgNPs were investigated against eight different multidrug-resistant bacterial species using the Kirby–Bauer disk-diffusion method. The decreasing order of antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition in mm) of antibiotics, AgNPs, and their conjugates against bacterial group (average) was; ciprofloxacin + AgNPs (23) > imipenem + AgNPs (21) > gentamycin + AgNPs (19) > vancomycin + AgNPs (16) > AgNPs (15) > imipenem (14) > trimethoprim + AgNPs (14) > ciprofloxacin (13) > gentamycin (11) > vancomycin (4) > trimethoprim (0). Overall, the synergistic effect of antibiotics and nanoparticles resulted in a 0.2–7.0 (average, 2.8) fold-area increase in antibacterial activity, which clearly revealed that nanoparticles can be effectively used in combination with antibiotics in order to improve their efficacy against various pathogenic microbes. Keywords: mycosynthesis, silver nanoparticles, antibacterial agents, Aspergillus flavu
Corrigendum to “Building a text collection for Urdu information retrieval”
No full textBuilding a text collection for Urdu information retrieval
https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2019-0458
ETRI Journal, Volume 43, Issue 5, October 2021, pp. 856–868.
The authors regret that the original authorship list did not include the author Ali Daud.
The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused
An introduction to the Manuscript: Tareekh-e-Mohtashim
No full textAwadh in terms of its important role in the fields of history, literature, culture and civilization of India is considered among the most important areas of the vast country. In the second decade of the eighteenth century person named Burhan Sadat Ali Khan, the Mughal king then India, to suppress the rebels was dispatched to the area.The author in this paper has introduced the historical events that took place in that era, and are discussed in this manuscript
Estimating Passenger Car Equivalent Factors for Heterogeneous Traffic Using Occupancy-Density Linear Regression Model
No full textA variety of methods have been proposed in the existing literature for the estimation of passenger car equivalent (PCE) factors. These methods are based on the comparison of selected attributes of different vehicles. This research, for the first time, utilizes the basic notion of the linear relationship between road area occupancy and density for the estimation of PCE factors for different vehicle types in heterogeneous traffic. Aerial photographs obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were analyzed to estimate the road area occupancy and the number of vehicles classified in seven selected groups. A linear least-squares regression model was developed between road area occupancy and classified vehicle count. The coefficients of the occupancy-density linear regression model were used to estimate PCE and motorcycle equivalent (MCE) factors. The comparison of the estimated set of PCE values with the values reported in the literature shows that PCE factors estimated using the proposed method are reasonable and produce a better occupancy-density relationship than the other studies. In comparison with the existing methods that rely on lane-based measurements, the proposed method is well suited for traffic with weak/no lane discipline, as it considers the entire road width and the dynamics of lateral movement of different types of vehicles. The proposed method does not need extensive traffic data of speeds, headways, flow rates, and so forth, and is applicable on aerial photographs obtained from other sources, such as satellites.Funding
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported with funding from Exascale Open Data Analytics Lab, National Center for Big Data and Cloud Computing (NCBC) and the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to research students Syed Hassan Ali, Haseeb Ahmed, Zohaib Ahmed, Aqib Abbasi, Asad Rehan, Mirza Ali Haider, Syed Abbas Hasan Zaidi, and Omema for their help in this research
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