1,721,187 research outputs found
Contributo alla relazione annuale della qualità dell'aria 2001 del Comune di Bologna
No full textSi riportano i risultati della campagna sperimentale, che ENEA ha effettuato dal 5 all'11 febbraio 2001, per la caratterizzazione del particolato e la misura degli IPA e si propone un confronto con i risultati ottenuti nel mese di maggio 2000. In entrambe le campagne, il campionamento ha riguardato tre diverse zone della città rappresentative per topografia e assetto urbanistico
PLPM (Photochemical Lagrangian Particle Model): Formulation and Preliminary Validation
No full textPLPM (Photochemical Lagrangian Particle Model) is a Lagrangian particle model developed in last years by ENEA and ENVIROWARE Srl. In this presentation, we discuss the physical formulation of PLPM, the main features of the kernel density reconstruction methods and some preliminary tests carried out to evaluate the model and the density reconstruction methods. In particular, the Kincaid data set (Bowne e Loondergan, 1983), along with the Model Validation Kit (Olesen, 1998), has been used to test the model on the dispersion of non-reactive compounds. The results obtained so far suggests bringing them to the attention of the air quality modelling community, together with the questions that are still open and would benefit of the efforts of other researchers
A Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of the Air Quality Model BOLCHEM to Reproduce the Ozone Concentrations over Italy
No full textA comprehensive model evaluation has been conducted for BOLCHEM over the whole of Italy during four periods favorable to ozone photochemistry: 1-3 June, 1-4 July, 5-7 August and 20-24 January during the year 1999. Two photochemical mechanisms, SAPRC90 and CB-IV, have been employed to simulate the evolution of ozone, taking into account the Italian and European inventories and maritime emissions. The comparison of simulated and measured ozone concentrations demonstrates that the model is able to forecast well the daily variation of ozone with both mechanisms, in particular during the summer, when the ozone photochemistry is more active. The discrepancies between the ozone predicted with the SAPRC90 and CB-IV mechanisms are similar to those previously reported in the literature: SAPRC90 leading to higher ozone concentrations than CB-IV due to the differences in their representation of VOC mixture. However, for both photochemical mechanisms, the model skill scores are good, proving the reliability of the model for regional scale applications
Attività di caratterizzazione del Sito F.N. in funzione dell'installazione della cella a carbonati fusi
No full textReproductive healthcare during the Covid-19 outbreak in Italy
No full textThe outbreak of COVID-19 increased gender inequalities worldwide. This paper analyses how adjustments to the pandemic situation introduced in Italy between February and May 2020 affected women and pregnant people’s reproductive healthcare. It illustrates how a national structural approach to maternal and reproductive health was adapted to the Covid-19 epidemic, sometimes delaying essential care and leaving women and pregnant people feeling lonely and uncomfortable. It shows how the measures introduced in antenatal, childbirth and postnatal care, assisted reproduction, and abortion were developed within a clinical and cultural framework, where women’s reproductive health was considered a risky matter and medicalized care the best way to manage it; motherhood was valued as a preferred reproductive trajectory, and a public demographic discourse supporting selective pronatalism entered health settings. At the same time, the pandemic generated unprecedented grassroot demands for more accessible and diverse reproductive car
Proposta per uno studio volto alla caratterizzazione fisico-chimica del particolato in Italia
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An evaluation of particle deposition fluxes to cultural heritage sites in Florence, Italy
No full textThe pernicious effects of deposition of airborne particles on monumental stones have been widely demonstrated, but estimates of deposition fluxes on historic buildings remain a hard task because of the lack of careful experiments and modelling. AERBOX is a new box model developed by ENVIROWARE and ENEA, simulating the whole life cycle of aerosols. AERBOX takes into account all the relevant chemical and physical processes involved: emission, chemical reactions in gas and in gas-liquid phases, deposition, entrainment, condensation and nucleation. Concentration and deposition rates of 52 species of gaseous pollutants and 14 species of particulate pollutants are calculated on hourly basis. A modelling system composed by AERBOX and the emission pre-processor Tool for Hourly Speciation of CORINAIR Annual Emissions (THOSCANE) has been applied to estimate the flux of particulate matter deposited on the monumental area of Florence downtown starting from a CORINAIR emission inventory developed by the Tuscany Region including the industrial and mobile sources in the area of Florence and Prato counties. The time and chemical profiles of the emissions have been adapted to the Tuscany region from the reference profiles given by both the California Air Resource Board and EPA and meteorological inputs were given by the Tuscany Meteorological Centre. Concentrations and deposition fluxes were compared with field measurements available in the open literature
An Evaluation of Particle Deposition Fluxes on the Monumental Area of Florence, Italy
No full textThe pernicious effects of deposition of airborne particles on monumental stones have been widely demonstrated, but estimates of deposition fluxes on historic buildings remains an hard task because of the lack of careful experiments and modelling. AERBOX is a new box model, developed by ENVIROWARE Srl and ENEA, simulating the whole life cycle of aerosols. AERBOX takes into account all the relevant chemical and physical processes involved: emission, chemical reactions in gas and in gas-liquid phases, deposition, entrainment, condensation and nucleation. Concentration and deposition rates of 52 species of gaseous pollutants and 14 species of particulate pollutants are calculated on hourly basis. AERBOX has been applied to estimate the flux of particulate matter deposited on the monumental area of Florence downtown. The emission inventory has been developed by the Tuscany Region and it includes the industrial and mobile sources of the 50 km x 50 km surrounding area, referring to the Florence and Prato counties. The time and chemical profiles of the emissions have been adapted to the Tuscany from the reference profiles given by both California Air Resource Board and EPA and meteorological inputs were given by the Tuscany Meteorological Centre. Concentrations and deposition fluxes in typical summer and winter workdays and holidays have been calculated and an estimate of the effects of cumulated deposition on the monuments is also given
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