76 research outputs found
Proyecto plantas medicinales - Universidad del Valle
No full text<p>Proyecto plantas medicinales.</p>
<p>Jorge H. Ramírez</p>
<p>Universidad del Valle</p>
<p>--</p>
<p>Dec 10, 2014.</p>
<p>Co-author added: Atanas Atanasov. University of Vienna. </p>
<p> </p
Intraoperative and Postoperative Analgesia with TAP-Block in Patients with Lower Midline Laparotomy // Интраоперативно и постоперативно обезболяване с TAP-block при пациенти с долна срединна лапаротомия
No full textЕфективният контрол на болката в периоперативния период е съществен фактор за общия успех от хирургичното лечение и удовлетвореността на пациента. По тази причина обезболяването е основна част от лечебния процес, а регионалните техники навлизат все по-широко.
Цел на проучването е да оценим ефективността, приложимостта и безопасността на блокът на трансверзалната абдоминална равнина (TAP-блок) при интра- и постоперативно обезболяване при пациенти, подложени на хирургични интервенции с използване на долна срединна лапаротомия.
Ултразвуковата навигация при приложение на ТАР - блок позволява прецизно визуализиране на структурите, постоянен контрол при преминаването на иглата, верификация на инфилтрацията с локален анестетик и висока успеваемост на техниката.
От нашите резултати можем да заключим, че ТАР – блок приложен предоперативно редуцира интраоперативната опиатна консумация, не води до хемодинамична нестабилност периоперативно.
По отношение на следоперативния период приложението на ТАР – блок значително намалява опитаните нужди, не намалява случаите на постоперативно гадене и повръщане, но намалява степента на седация в най-ранния следоперативен период. Също така, въпреки че не повлиява дозата използвани нестероидни противовъзпалителни средства, намалява интензитета на постоперативната статична и динамична болка.
ТАР-блок представлява ефективна възможност за избор като част от техниките за мултимодално интра- и постоперативно обезболяване.Effective pain control in the perioperative period is an essential factor in the overall success of surgical treatment and patient satisfaction. Because of that, analgesia is a major part of the healing process, and regional techniques are more widely spread.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness, feasibility and safety of the transverse abdominal plane block (TAP block) for intra- and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing surgical interventions with lower midline laparotomy.
Ultrasound navigation during the application of the TAP block allows precise visualization of the structures, constant control during the needle passage, verification of infiltration with a local anaesthetic and a high success rate of the technique.
Our results suggest that the TAP block applied preoperatively reduces intraoperative opioid consumption, and it does not lead to hemodynamic instability perioperatively.
Regarding the postoperative period, the application of TAP block significantly reduces opioid requirements but does not reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. However, it reduces the degree of sedation in the earliest postoperative period. Although it does not affect the dose of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it reduces the intensity of postoperative static and dynamic pain.TAP block is an effective choice as part of multimodal intra- and postoperative analgesia techniques
Two-Language, Two-Paradigm Introductory Computing Curriculum Model and its Implementation
Full text linkThis paper analyzes difficulties with the introduction of object-oriented concepts in introductory computing education and then proposes a
two-language, two-paradigm curriculum model that alleviates such difficulties. Our two-language, two-paradigm curriculum model begins with teaching imperative programming using Python programming language, continues with teaching object-oriented computing using Java, and concludes with teaching object-oriented data structures with Java
The Java 5 generics compromise orthogonality to keep compatibility
Full text linkIn response to a long-lasting anticipation by the Java community, version 1.5 of the Java 2 platform - referred to as Java 5 - introduced generic types and methods to the Java language. The Java 5 generics are a significant enhancement to the language expressivity because they allow straightforward composition of new generic classes from existing ones while reducing the need for a plethora of type casts. While the Java 5 generics are expressive, the chosen implementation method, type erasure, has triggered undesirable orthogonality violations. This paper identifies six cases of orthogonality violations in the Java 5 generics and demonstrates how these violations are mandated by the use of type erasure. The paper also compares the Java 5 cases of orthogonality violations to compatible cases in C# 2 and NextGen 2 and analyzes the trade-offs in the three approaches. The conclusion is that Java 5 users face new challenges: a number of generic type expressions are forbidden, while others that are allowed are left unchecked
The effect of TAP block in postoperative opiate consumption in inferior median laparotomy
Full text linkIntroduction: With the increasing number and complexity of surgical interventions, anesthesiologists are faced with the need to control and even prevent perioperative pain. Opioids are the mainstay of treatment for intra- and postoperative pain. Although they are very effective analgesics, side effects may limit their use. For this reason, new strategies to reduce opioids are being developed. Multimodal anesthesia and analgesia is the basis for intra- and postoperative pain management. The use of regional anesthetic techniques, such as transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block, allows the decrease of opiate consumption.Aim: The main aim of our study is to compare postoperative opiate consumption in patients undergoing inferior median laparotomy, with and without TAP block, during the first 24 hours.Material and methods: A total of 171 patients were included in our combined retrospective and prospective study. They were divided into two groups: group I with TAP block (N = 82) and group II without TAP block (N = 89). All research methods were used to evaluate the perioperative results in the studied groups; statistical analysis methods included in IBM SPSS.Results: The mean amount of pethidine used postoperatively in the experimental group was 45.43 mg (SD ± 22.6), whereas in the control group it was 84.8 mg (SD ± 19.4). This difference is with high statistical significance (U = 6613, p < 0.001). The reduction in postoperative opioid dose was 46% in the TAP-block group.Conclusion: The administration of a TAP block leads to reduction in postoperative opiate consumption and achieving opioid-free and opioid-sparing analgesia in the early postoperative period
Practical Points-to Analysis for Programs Built with Libraries
No full textTraditional whole-program analysis cannot be directly applied to programs that include precompiled libraries. Such programs could be analyzed separately from the included libraries by using precomputed summary information about each library. This paper describes one such separate analysis derived from Andersen’s whole program points-to analysis. The analysis uses a summary which is a compact representation of the points-to effects of all statements in the library. The summary is generated by substituting some of the library variables with placeholder variables. By replacing many variables with the same placeholder, we can reduce the size of the summary and the cost of the separate analysis. We use a substitution which summarizes the library effects without losing precision or exposing the internals of the library. Our experiments show that the cost of computing and storing the summary is practical, and that the substitution technique significantly reduces the cost of the separate analysis.Technical report DCS-TR-41
Points-to and Side-effect Analyses for Programs Built with Precompiled Libraries
No full textLarge programs are typically built from separate modules. Traditional whole-program analysis cannot be used in the context of such modular development. In this paper we consider analysis for programs that combine client modules with precompiled library modules. We define separate analyses that allow library modules and client modules to be analyzed separately from each other. Our target analyses are Andersen's points-to analysis and a side-effect analysis based on it. We perform separate points-to and side-effect analyses of a library module by using worst-case assumptions about the rest of the program. We also show how to construct summary information about a library module and how to use it for separate analysis of client modules. We present empirical results showing that the separate points-to analyses are practical even for large modules, and that the cost of constructing and storing library summaries is low. Our work is a step toward incorporating practical points-to and side-effect analyses in realistic compilers and software productivity tools.Technical report DCS-TR-42
Points-to analysis for Java based on annotated constraints
No full textThe goal of points-to analysis for Java is to determine the set of objects pointed to by a reference variable or a reference object field. In this paper we present a points-to analysis for Java based on Andersen’s points-to analysis for C [5]. Andersen’s analysis can be implemented efficiently by using systems of set-inclusion constraints and by employing several techniques for constraint representation and resolution. We extend these techniques to efficiently represent and solve systems of annotated inclusion constraints. The annotations play two roles in our analysis. Method annotations are used to model precisely and efficiently the semantics of virtual calls. Field annotations allow us to distinguish between different fields of an object. In addition, our analysis keeps track of all reachable methods and avoids analyzing irrelevant library code. We evaluate the performance of the analysis on a large set of realistic Java programs. Our experiments show that the analysis runs in practical time and space, and has significant impact on call graph construction, virtual call resolution, synchronization removal, stack-based object allocation, and object read-write information. The results show that our analysis is a realistic candidate for a relatively precise, practical, general-purpose points-to analysis for Java.Technical report DCS-TR-42
Precise Call Graph Construction in the Presence of Function Pointers
No full textThe use of pointers creates serious problems for optimizing compilers and software engineering tools. Pointers enable indirect memory accesses through pointer dereferences, as well as indirect procedure calls (e.g., through function pointers in C). Such indirect accesses and calls can be disambiguated with pointer analysis. In this paper we evaluate the precision of a pointer analysis by Zhang et al. [17] for the purposes of call graph construction for C programs with function pointers. The analysis uses an inexpensive, almost-linear, flow- and context-insensitive algorithm. To measure analysis precision, we compare the call graph computed by the analysis with the most precise call graph obtainable by a large category of pointer analyses. Surprisingly, for all our data programs the analysis from [17] achieves the best possible precision. This result indicates that for the purposes of call graph construction, even inexpensive analyses can provide very good precision, and therefore the use of more expensive analyses may not be justified.Technical report DCS-TR-44
Points-to analysis for Java using annotated inclusion constraints
No full textThe goal of points-to analysis for Java is to determine the set of objects pointed to by a reference variable or a reference object field. In this paper we define and evaluate a points-to analysis for Java which extends Andersen’s points-to analysis for C [4]. Andersen’s analysis for C can be implemented efficiently by using systems of set-inclusion constraints and by employing several techniques for constraint representation and resolution. We extend these techniques to efficiently represent and solve systems of annotated inclusion constraints. The annotations play two roles in our analysis. Method annotations are used to model precisely and efficiently the semantics of virtual calls. Field annotations allow us to distinguish the flow of values through different fields of an object. In addition, our analysis keeps track of all methods reachable from the entry point of the program, and avoids analyzing dead library code. We evaluate the performance of the analysis on a large set of realistic Java programs. Our results show that the analysis is practical and therefore will be useful as a relatively precise general-purpose points-to analysis for Java. The experiments also show that the points-to solution has significant impact on call graph construction, virtual call resolution, elimination of unnecessary synchronization, and stack-based object allocation.Technical report DCS-TR-41
- …
