1,721,096 research outputs found
Bilateral perirenal abscesses in a domestic neutered shorthair cat
No full textA14-month-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat
was referred for evaluation of azotemia, bilateral renomegaly,
and a 1-week history of polyuria, polydipsia, and
disorexia. On physical examination, the cat was lethargic,
pyrexic (40.78C), tachycardic, and dyspnoic. On abdominal
palpation, 2 painful, large, smooth masses were identified
in the cranial abdomen. The kidneys were not identified. A
CBC, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis were performed.
Interpretation of clinicopathologic data revealed leukocytosis
and a marked neutrophilia with evidence of toxic
changes and azotemia (BUN 73 mg/dL; reference range,
10–32 mg/dL). The urine was dilute1,2 (urine specific gravity,
1.020) and proteinuria (urine protein : creatinine ratio, was present. Several renal epithelial cells, neutrophils,
and bacteria (cocci) were observed in the urine sediment.
To identify the abdominal masses, lateral and ventrodorsal
abdominal radiographs were taken. Bilateral renomegaly
was identified on evaluation of the abdominal radiographs.
The right kidney was larger and more irregular
in shape than the left kidney, and ventral displacement of
abdominal viscera was observed on the lateral view
Comparison of glomerular number and specimen length obtained from 100 dogs via percutaneous echo-assisted renal biopsy using two different needles.
No full textOur objective was to evaluate possible differences in the number of glomeruli and length of renal biopsies collected in canine subjects by two different types of biopsy needles: a semiautomatic 18-gauge Trucut and an automated 18-gauge Jamshidi modified (Biopince). One hundred biopsy samples obtained from dogs of different ages and gender affected by different nephropathies were evaluated retrospectively. All animals were biopsied using one of the two different needles. Biopsies were performed under ultrasound guidance and evaluated by a single pathologist. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate possible differences in the number of glomeruli and length of renal biopsies collected comparisons were determined between subgroups of dogs with or without the identification of renal interstitial infiltrates and/or fibrosis. Neither the mean difference of the number of glomeruli nor the length of tissue sample collected with the different needles was significantly different. Likewise, the average biopsy length did not differ in dogs with or without renal interstitial infiltrate in animals biopsied with either biopsy needle. Both the Biopince and the Trucut devices provide diagnostically adequate biopsy renal specimens using ultrasound-guidance
Ultrasound-assisted drainage and alcoholization of hepatic and renal cysts: 22 cases.
No full textTwenty-two dogs and cats with symptomatic renal or hepatic cysts that had undergone ultrasound-assisted drainage and alcoholization were retrospectively evaluated. Common presenting complaints were anorexia, reluctance to move, and vomiting. Abdominal pain was observed in all cases. Systemic hypertension was identified in four dogs and four cats with renal cysts. Cyst drainage and alcoholization were achieved without complications in 19 animals, and all clinical signs resolved after the procedure. In three cases, transient bleeding was observed during alcoholization, and the procedure was interrupted. Blood pressure normalized in the four dogs with renal cysts, but it remained elevated in the four cats
Obstructive renal cyst in a dog: Ultrasonography-guided treatment using puncture aspiration and injection with 95% ethanol
No full textA12-year-old, intact male, mixed-breed dog was evaluated
after surgical removal of a mast cell tumor from
the shoulder. Results of laboratory tests were within the
reference ranges, but examination of urinary sediment identified
epithelial cells of the upper urinary tract and microscopic
hematuria. Abdominal ultrasound examination performed
after a 12-hour fast identified a simple cyst in the
left kidney. The cyst was approximately 26 mm in diameter,
was anechoic, and had a thin, slightly hyperechoic wall
with distal acoustic enhancement accompanied by dilatation
of the caudal papillary duct and renal pelvis (Fig 1). Excretory
urography with iopamidola contrast (800 mg/kg IV)
confirmed the presence of dilatation of the left renal pelvis
and collecting syste
Proximal ureteral ectopia causing hydronephrosis in a kitten
No full textA 2-month-old, female cat was presented for abdomen dilation. The patient was undernourished, and severe left hydronephrosis was diagnosed after clinical, ultrasonographical and radiographical examination. Although pyelography was performed in order to visualise the ureteral course, surgery was necessary to reach a final aetiological diagnosis and treatment. At gross examination, the left ureter crossed the renal capsula at the level of the caudal renal pole, and the subcapsular ureteral segment was markedly dilated. Distal to the renal capsula, the left ureter was very thin when compared to the right. The parenchyma of the left kidney, as suggested by ultrasonographical evaluation, was extremely reduced in thickness. An ureteronephrectomy was performed. Histopathological evaluation revealed glomerular sclerosis and diffuse parenchymal fibrosis. Severe hydronephrosis derived from an altered renal pelvic anatomy and abnormal ureteral course determining functional stenosis. Diagnosis of congenital anomaly before development of complications such as hydronephrosis could have allowed a surgical renal capsulectomy and obstruction relief. To the author's knowledge, this is the first report of severe hydronephrosis associated to altered renal pelvic anatomy and proximal ureteral ectopia in cat. © 2006 ESFM and AAFP
Percutaneous drainage and alcoholization of hepatic abscesses in five dogs and a cat.
No full textHepatic abscesses are rare and difficult to diagnose in dogs and cats. Ultrasonographic examination is essential to thoroughly examine hepatic abnormalities, and it may also help in the localization of hepatic abscesses. In this retrospective study, five dogs and one cat with focal hepatic lesions compatible with a hepatic abscess were treated with percutaneous ultrasound-assisted drainage and alcoholization using 95% ethanol. The procedure was performed rapidly under injectable anesthesia and provided excellent results in all animals. No complications or relapses were noted for 120 days following the procedure. The technique of percutaneous ultrasound-assisted drainage and alcoholization of hepatic abscesses in the dog and cat is also described. © 2005 American Animal Hospital Association
Evaluation of the analytical variability of dipstick protein pads in canine urine
No full textBackground: The dipstick is a first-line and inexpensive test that can exclude the presence of proteinuria in dogs. However, no information is available about the analytical variability of canine urine dipstick analysis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the analytical variability in 2 dipsticks and the inter-operator variability in dipstick interpretation. Methods: Canine urine supernatants (n = 174) were analyzed with 2 commercially available dipsticks. Two observers evaluated each result blinded to the other observer and to the results of the other dipstick. Intra- and inter-assay variability was assessed in 5 samples (corresponding to the 5 different semi-quantitative results) tested 10 consecutive times over 5 consecutive days. The agreement between observers and between dipsticks was evaluated with Cohen's k test. Results: Intra-assay repeatability was good (≤3/10 errors), whereas inter-assay variability was higher (from 1/5 to 4/5 discordant results). The concordance between the operators (k = 0.68 and 0.79 for the 2 dipsticks) and that of the dipsticks (k = 0.66 and 0.74 for the 2 operators) was good. However, 1 observer and 1 dipstick overestimated the results compared with the second observer or dipstick. In any case, discordant results accounted for a single unit of the semi-quantitative scale. Conclusions: As for any other method, analytic variability may affect the semi-quantitation of urinary proteins when using the dipstick method. Subjective interpretation of the pad and, to a lesser extent, intrinsic staining properties of the pads could affect the results. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the effect of this variability on clinical decisions
The interaction between nitrogen and shade on grapevine: the effects on nutritional status, leaf age and leaf gas exchanges
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