1,721,109 research outputs found
The Status of Junior Pediatric Surgeons in Europe: Old Challenges, New Opportunities
No full textAbstractDespite the efforts to unite Europe under the same rules and regulations, for the medical profession, there are still big differences between the European countries in terms of type of postgraduate training, posttraining job opportunities, and the role that junior doctors have in the different health care systems. Junior pediatric surgeons face similar challenges to those of other junior doctors, especially those of junior surgeons in other specialties. The introduction of the European working time directive in 2003 has greatly reduced training hours and imposed a necessary change in the type of training that surgical trainees now receive: competency-based education, clinical teaching away from the patient, self-learning, on line tutorials, and simulation. There are many diverse training systems in pediatric surgery across Europe, with differences that include the duration of training, the existence of an exit exam at the end of training, and the exposure to adult and/or pediatric orthopaedic trauma. The European Board of Pediatric Surgery is not mandatory to practice pediatric surgery in Europe but would be a good tool to standardize training and practice across the continent. Despite the differences of training systems and regulations between the European countries, medical mobility of junior pediatric surgeons seeking better educational opportunities or careers is common. The European Pediatric Surgeons' Association has recently created the Group of Young Pediatric Surgeons of Europe, a platform for young pediatric surgeons younger than the age of 35 years. This platform will be helpful in addressing the challenges that European junior pediatric surgeons face.</jats:p
Nephron-sparing surgery in children with primary renal tumor: Indications and results
No full textNephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is the treatment of choice for children with bilateral Wilms' tumor (WT), or with WT on a single kidney, or with WT and a disease of the contralateral kidney, or with benign kidney tumor. NSS is a reasonable alternative to nephrectomy in children at risk of metachronous WT, including children with genetic syndromes, children younger than 1 year of age, and children with hyperplastic nephroblastomatosis. The use of NSS in selected children with "low-risk" or stage I "intermediate-risk" WT and a normal contralateral kidney is still controversial. Available data suggest that, in children with WT, NSS does not impair the outcome and has a renal function advantage over nephrectomy. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Giovanni Battista Morgagni and his contribution to pediatric surgery
No full textPediatric surgery is a less than a century old surgical specialty. However, early knowledge of human malformations and pediatric surgical conditions dates back to centuries before. One of the main contributors to progress in these fields was Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1682-1771), who also had a substantial weight in the development of future pediatric surgery. With his masterpiece De Sedibus et Causis Morborum per Anatomen Indagatis (On the Seats and Causes of Diseases Investigated by Anatomy) (1761), he set the basis for modern pathology. In this textbook, Morgagni was the first to describe anatomical elements like the trigonum sternocostale dextrum (the Morgagni's foramen), the appendix testis (the Morgagni's hydatid), and the vertical folds of distal rectum (the Morgagni's columns). He was also the first to describe pediatric pathological conditions like epispadia, meconium peritonitis, Crohn's disease, and coarctation of the aorta. Finally, he substantially contributed to the understanding of the pathophysiology of conditions like the vesico-ureteral reflux, the anterior wall defects (gastroschisis/omphalocele), and the spina bifida. For this, it was said of him: "If all the anatomical findings made by Morgagni should bear his name, probably one third of human body would be called Morgagni's." (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
- …
