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    Test morphology and organic layer of Discorinopsis aguayoi (Bermudez): relationship with enviromental conditions

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    A detailed study of the morphology of Discorinopsis aguayoi (Bermúdez) is carried out by analyzing four populations collected in Recent and Neogene brackish environments of Tuscany (Italy). The finding of fossil D. aguayoi is reported in this study for the first time. The modern populations lived in a thermal pool of Montecatini (Pistoia) and in the Lagoon of Orbetello (Grosseto), two brackish environments characterized by different salinities. The fossil specimens were found in Messinian and Pliocene sediments of two quarries near Leghorn and Florence respectively. The present investigation points out the invariant and the echophenotypic characters of D. aguayoi. Modern specimens exhibit morphological abnormalities, correlated to environmental conditions. In the modern populations, the organic layer, well preserved, has also been analyzed. SEM analysis shows “pore plugs” inside conical elevations beneath the pores. TEM investigation, points out the laminar fibrous nature of the organic layer, and microcavities in the organic thickenings and in the “pore plugs” of Montecatini individuals. The microcavities suggest that underlying structural differences between the two populations may be related to extreme conditions of the thermal pool

    Nuove osservazioni su morfologia ed ecologia di Miliammina fusca (Brady) e Discorinopsis aguayoi (Bermudez) rinvenuti in una vasca termale di Montecatini Terme (Pistoia)

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    A systematic revision of a foraminiferal fauna, recorded by Papi and Tavani (1959) in the mineral waters of a Montecatini Terme pool (Tuscany, Italy), has been performed. The foraminiferal fauna is represented by Miliammina fusca (Brady) and Discorinopsis aguayoi (Bermudez). The specimens are small-sized and often exhibit morphological anomalies. M. fusca is characterized by an irregular growth of the chambers of the outer whorl. D . aguayoi exhibits inflated test and a large-sized, protruding chamber in the first whorl. The specimens of D. aguayoi also show a thin test wall and a thick organic lining. These morphological anomalies are interpreted as being due to the chemical and physical water parameters, such as temperature (13°-15°C during the day), pH (7.0) and salinity (8.6 per mille), as measured at the time of sampling. However, these anomalies would be chiefly related to the low value of salinity. The foraminiferal fauna of Montecatini is considered relict of the Pliocene sea

    L'amministrazione di sostegno: principi normativi ed applicazioni giurisprudenziali. Presupposti e contenuti per un migliore bilanciamento tra esigenze di protezione dei soggetti privi di autnomia e tutela della loro libertà

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    The authors analyze the legal protection measures of incapable people. In particular, the authors highlight the main legislative principles and applications of the rulings of the court. According to the authors, the analyze of the conditions and contents necessary to better balance of the need to protect and safeguard the freedom of non-autonomous individuals. To this purpose, Law N° 6/2004 is relevant because it focuses on the individual and his or her needs, offering a legal instrument which is simple to apply, flexible in its contents, easily adapted to the needs and circumstances in question, and structured in such a way as to avoid permanently affecting the beneficiary’s ability to react. The aim of the legislator is to safeguard the self-determination of the individual in difficulty and ensure that his or her volitional needs are satisfied in conformity with the constitutional principle of respect of inviolable human rights.In fact, the institute of disqualification is a legal protection measures of incapable people very strict for a elderly person wich has a limited capacity to decided his/her own interests and affairs. This new legal protection measures of incapable people is recognized by the magistrature as relevant, also with particular reference to the informed consent

    Il caso Englaro: una lunga querelle giurisprudenziale

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    Gli Autori conducono una analisi della vicenda giurisprudenziale che ha interessato il caso Englaro. Come è noto, la sospensione della idratazione e della nutrizione artificiale è intervenuta a seguito di una decisione giudiziale che ha ricostruito per via testimoniale l’esistenza di una direttiva anticipata espressa dall’interessata in condizioni di pieno stato di salute. Essi hanno affrontato le principali problematiche che concernono l’applicazione delle direttive anticipate. In particolare, dopo aver esaminato dettagliatamente la pronuncia della Corte Costituzionale e della Corte di Cassazione a Sezioni unite in merito, hanno affrontato il controverso e delicato aspetto della definizione di stato vegetativo persistente nonché di idratazione e di nutrizione artificiale. In attesa che il Parlamento si pronunci definitivamente e definisca la natura di tali «terapie», l’attenzione è stata focalizzata sulle disposizioni attualmente vigenti nel nostro Paese, in primo luogo sulle disposizioni del recente codice di deontologia medica che ha introdotto importanti novità in materia. Infine, l’auspicio degli Autori è che si possa andare oltre mere differenze ideologiche al fine di consentire la promulgazione di una normativa che tenga in debito conto i due presupposti fondamentali per la manifestazione di una volontà veramente consapevole quali, da un lato, un’informazione/comunicazione esaustiva ed effettivamente recepita e, dall’altro, un ruolo fondante del professionista medico
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