11,759 research outputs found
On Lengths of
No full textIn this paper, we provide a formula for the vector space dimension of the ring over when all lie between successive powers of . For general , we provide a simple algorithm to calculate the vector space dimension of by combining our formula with certain results of Chungsim Han (1992).We edited the paper to reflect the fact that Theorem 1.2 of this paper follows from Theorem 3.8 in Han\u27s paper: The Hilbert-Kunz function of a diagonal hypersurface. We are grateful to Cheng Meng for bringing this to our attentio
Effects of anisotropic energetic particles on zonal flow residual level
No full textIn tokamak plasmas, the interaction among the micro-turbulence, zonal _ows (ZFs) and energetic particles (EPs) can affect the turbulence saturation level and the consequent con_nement quality and thus, is important for future burning plasmas. In this work, the EP anisotropy effects on the ZF residual level are studied by using anisotropic EP distributions with dependence on pitch. Signi_cant effects on the long wavelength ZFs have been found when small to moderate width around the dominant pitch in the EP distribution function is assumed. In addition, it is found that ZF residual level is enhanced by barely passing/trapped and/or deeply trapped EPs, but it is suppressed by well passing and/or intermediate trapped EPs. Numerical calculation shows that for ASDEX Upgrade plasmas, typical EP distribution functions can bring in -3%to + 5.5% mitigation/enhancement in ZF residual level, depending on the EP distribution functions EURATOM 2021
Antithrombin III associated with fibrinogen predicts the risk of cerebral ischemic stroke
No full textBackground and purpose: \ud
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The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of developing plasma predictive value biomarkers of cerebral ischemic stroke before imaging evidence is acquired. \ud
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Methods: \ud
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Blood samples were obtained from 198 patients who attended our neurology department as emergencies - with symptoms of vertigo, numbness, limb weakness, etc. - within 4.5 h of symptom onset, and before imaging evidence was obtained and medical treatment. After the final diagnosis was made by MRI/DWI/MRA or CTA in the following 24-72 h, the above cases were divided into two groups: stroke group and non-stroke group according to the imaging results. The levels of baseline plasma antithrombin III (AT-III), thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT), fibrinogen, D-dimer and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in the two groups were assayed. \ud
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Results: \ud
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The level of the baseline AT-III in the stroke group was 118.07 ± 26.22%, which was lower than that of the non-stroke group (283.83 ± 38.39%). The levels of TAT, fibrinogen, hsCRP were 7.24 ± 2.28 μg/L, 5.49 ± 0.98 g/L, and 2.17 ± 1.07 mg/L, respectively, which were higher than those of the non-stroke group (2.53 ± 1.23 μg/L, 3.35 ± 0.50 g/L, 1.82 ± 0.67 mg/L). All the P-values were less than 0.001. The D-dimer level was 322.57 ± 60.34 μg/L, which was slightly higher than that of the non-stroke group (305.76 ± 49.52 μg/L), but the P-value was 0.667. The sensitivities of AT-III, TAT, fibrinogen, D-dimer and hsCRP for predicting ischemic stroke tendency were 97.37%, 96.05%, 3.29%, 7.89%, but the specificity was 93.62%, 82.61%, 100% and 100%, respectively, and all the P-values were less than 0.001. High levels of D-dimer and hsCRP were mainly seen in the few cases with severe large-vessel infarction. \ud
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Conclusions: \ud
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Clinical manifestations of acute focal neurological deficits were associated with plasma AT-III and fibrinogen. These tests might help the risk assessment of acute cerebral ischemic stroke and/or TIA with infarction tendency in the superacute stage before positive imaging evidence is obtained
Suppression characteristics and mechanisms of solid inhibitors on sawdust explosions in dust transportation systems
No full textThe explosion characteristics of pine sawdust mixed with typical inhibitors (calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, ammonium phosphate) were investigated under different inerting ratios in a vertical flame propagation device. Different analytical analyses by TG-DTG-DSC and FTIR analysis were also coupled to understand the physical and chemical mechanisms of the treated samples. The results show that the flame propagation velocity and the peak pressure decreased by more than 50% for an inerting ratio of 60 wt%. This work clarifies the suppression characteristics and mechanism of different inhibitors in the flame propagation of biomass dust and yields some insights into the prevention and mitigation of biomass dust explosions in industrial applications
Mixed fermentation of blueberry pomace with L. rhamnosus GG and L. plantarum-1: Enhance the active ingredient, antioxidant activity and health-promoting benefits
No full textStudies on the development of non-dairy probiotic foods and beverages are emerging. The optimal Lactobacillus and carbon resources were screened to improve the viability of probiotics in blueberry pomace. During fermentation, the total titratable acid and the viable counts were measured and peaked at 24 h, 15.75 mM and 11.59 Log CFU mL−1 respectively. Lactic acid content increased from 2.361 mg mL−1 to 6.334 mg mL−1, while citric acid content was decreased significantly. Additionally, the antioxidant activity was improved, which may be attributed to the increase of total phenols and flavonoids up to 4629.21 μg GAE mL−1 and 404.99 μg RE mL−1. Simulated gastrointestinal digestion in vitro showed that the total polyphenols were decreased slightly, while anthocyanins were increased. We also studied the cholesterol-lowing capability of fermented BPL and found that the cholesterol-clearance rate could reach 67.17%. Moreover, through mice weight-loaded swimming experiments, we observed that the physical strength of mice fed a fermented juice for one month was significantly better than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Therefore, this study provides a high value application of blueberry pomace and the fermented blueberry pomace with probiotics as a new type of probiotic food can furnish potentially value to human health
Finite-time projective synchronization control of variable-order fractional chaotic systems via sliding mode approach
No full textThis brief intends to tackle the problem of finite-time projective synchronization of variable-order fractional (VOF) chaotic systems through sliding mode control (SMC) method. Firstly, for the VOF unperturbed chaotic systems, the novel VOF integral- and derivative-type sliding surface have been designed with the aid of the theory of VOF calculus, respectively. Secondly, the VOF control strategies are proposed which rely on the corresponding sliding surface to guarantee the projective error systems to be asymptotically stable in finite-time. Furthermore, by utilizing two transformations of VOF calculus, a novel finite-time stability criterion is also obtained, i.e., the upper boundary of reaching time is derived. In the end, a numerical study is taken to illustrate the superiority of the proposed method
Integrated carbon sequestration and agricultural efficiency enhancement: Reconstruction of tomato ecosystem carbon cycle via carbonized biomass ash-biogas slurry system
No full textGlobal challenges in water scarcity, energy sustainability, and food security demand integrated solutions within the Water-Energy-Food Nexus. Here, we present a closed-loop management model that recycles biomass ash and biogas slurry—byproducts of energy production—to co-enhance CO2 sequestration, crop yield, and soil health in tomato cultivation. Under varied ash-treatment regimes (carbonized biomass ash, CO2-rich biogas slurry activation, and their mixture), tomatoes roots doubled HCO3− uptake and boosted whole carbon assimilation of plants by up to 114.6%. Simultaneously, carbon input from root exudates restructured soil microbial networks, upregulating glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways and contributing to stable organic carbon formation. Agronomically, combined applications increased economic yield, improved harvest index, and elevated sugar, vitamin C, and mineral contents, while balancing carbon–nitrogen ratios. Soil pH was neutralized on acidic land, salinity remained within safe limits, and fine-particle aggregation improved water-holding capacity. The study recommends the CO2-rich biomass ash-biogas slurry mixture treatment for acidic soils to achieve both acid neutralization and carbon sequestration, and the carbonized biomass ash+CO2-rich biogas slurry treatment for controlled-environment agriculture to enable precise nitrogen management. Field-scale projections suggest ∼3.5 t CO2-equivalent sequestration and over 22,581 Chinese yuan/ha in water-energy-crop value gains. This work illustrates a scalable Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach that repurposes bioenergy residues into ecological assets, reinforcing circular agriculture and low-carbon farming systems
Effects of different types of land-use on taxonomic and functional diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in a subtropical river network
No full textExpansion of agricultural and urban areas and intensification of catchment land-use increasingly affect different facets of biodiversity in aquatic communities. However, understanding the responses of taxonomic and functional diversity to specific conversion from natural forest to agriculture and urban land-use remains limited, especially in subtropical streams where biomonitoring programs and using functional traits are still under development. Here, we conducted research in a subtropical stream network to examine the responses of macroinvertebrate taxonomic and functional diversity to different types of land-use in central China. Our results showed that medium body size, univoltine, gill respiration, and slow seasonal development were much higher in natural forest sites, while certain traits related to strong resilience and resistance (e.g., small body size, fast seasonal development, bi-or multivoltine, abundant occurrence in drift, sprawler) dominated in high-intensity agriculture and urbanization sites. We further found that land-use compromised water quality (e.g., increases in total phosphate, conductivity and water temperature) and habitat conditions (e.g., high proportion of sand and silt, gravel, and channel width) accounted for the changes in trait composition based on a combination of RLQ and fourth-corner analysis. Moreover, natural forest sites presented relatively high values of functional richness than other land-use, demonstrating the importance of natural forest maintenance to promote high levels of functional diversity. However, taxonomic diversity indexes showed higher sensitivity to distinguish different types of land-use compared to functional diversity measures. Even so, given that certain trait categories showed significant relationships with specific local environmental stressors, trait-based approaches can provide reliable evidence to diagnose the cause of impairment and complement the results of the taxonomic-based approaches. Our findings support the idea that taxonomic and functional approaches should be integrated in river restoration and land-use management.No Full Tex
Combination of Hardware and Control to Reduce Humanoids Fall Damage
No full textMost existing motion control methods for humanoids aim at avoiding falling. However, the humanoid is generally an unstable system that cannot completely avoid falling and it is difficult to cope with the sudden fall of a robot. This paper designs a planning method of fall protection for humanoids according to the human falling motion. This method changes the impact position between the robot and ground by adjusting the motion of the robot as it falls. To further reduce damage to the robot, an appropriate cushioning material is installed at the point of impact to buffer the robot. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified for a BHR6P humanoid robot falling in simulations and experiments
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