61 research outputs found
Phenotypic and molecular analysis of Helicobacter spp. and related micro-organisms identified in clinical & environmental specimens
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 140-168)
Language and Culture
No full textLanguage pervades social life. It is a primary means by which we gain access to the contents of others\u27 minds and establish shared understanding of the reality. Meanwhile, there is an enormous amount of linguistic diversity among human populations. Depending on what counts as a language, there are 3,000 to 10,000 living languages in the world, although a quarter of the world’s languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers and half have fewer than 10,000 (Crystal, 1997). Not surprisingly, a key question in culture and psychology research concerns the role of language in cultural processes. The present chapter focuses on two issues that have received by far the greatest amount of research attention from cultural researchers. First, how does language and human cultures co-evolve? Second, what are the non-linguistic cognitive effects of using a certain language? Does speaking different languages orient individuals to see and experience the external reality differently? The scope of the present chapter does not permit a comprehensive review of all pertinent research; only a selected sample of studies will be used to illustrate the main ideas in the present chapter
What works in HIV and AIDS and the world of work initiatives in South Africa
No full textCommissioned by the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur International Zusammenartbeit (GIZ), AugustHow workplaces deal with the risks posed by HIV and AIDS in the workplace will have a strong bearing on the effective functioning of the labour market and the national economy as a whole. It is therefore gratifying to see the effectiveness of the initiatives implemented by those employers who agreed to be a subject of this study. Their initiatives are indeed recognition of the importance of taking the welfare of all employees into account, and in society in general. It is common knowledge that what happens at the workplace eventually permeates through into society. Their efforts have to a degree also provided some measure of relief to the over-burdened primary health care system
The domestic desires of queer youth:Narratives of domesticity and dissent among queer students at three South African universities
No full textIn this chapter, the author draws upon his work as an activist and facilitator working with the non-governmental organisation Gay and Lesbian Memory in Action, to unpack the use of a participatory visual art workshop—dubbed Art for Activism—and explores the life narratives of queer youth. Rather, queer youth experience a South Africa that is firmly rooted within the systems of heteronormativity and patriarchy. This system often leaves queer youth feeling silenced, isolated and harassed. In exploring some of the challenges faced by participants, it becomes clear that the affective and embodied domains of the experience of queer youth form important elements in a creative communal learning space, such as the Art for Activism workshop. The challenges experienced by queer youth were emotional in nature. Feelings such as abandonment, fear, despondency and displacement were expressed in the exercises through tone and physical expression.<br/
Are we turning the tide on HIV/AIDS?: the social, political and economic landscape of HIV prevention and response in sub-Saharan Africa: 6th SAHARA conference 2011 report
No full textThe conference addressed a critical question: "Are we turning the tide on HIV and AIDS? The social, political and economic landscape of HIV/AIDS". A range of presentations was made across the six conference sub-themes, namely: HIV/AIDS and Human Rights, MARPs (Most at Risk Populations), HIV Prevention, Accessibility, Uptake and Adherence to Treatment, Political Accountability in the AIDS Response and HIV Epidemiology. The conference started on Monday, the 28th November 2011 with a series of satellite and workshop sessions. Dr Olive Shisana delivered a thought-provoking opening keynote address at the Conference opening ceremony about HIV/AIDS challenges and opportunities in Africa which set the stage for subsequent discussions throughout the conference. Mr Bertrand Audoin delivered a keynote address at the conference opening plenary that gave the delegates a global perspective on the social, political and economic landscape of HIV prevention and response. Subsequently seven plenary sessions involving 34 presenters were delivered at the conference. Further, 32 parallel sessions, 236 oral presentations, AND 30 poster sessions were delivered. The presentations revealed that the tide on HIV/AIDS is being turned on HIV epidemiology, HIV Prevention; accessibility, uptake and adherence to treatment but a lot more still needs to be done on the MARP and HIV and Human Rights issues.
Report on HIV risk factors among infants in the Joe Gqabi health district of the eastern Cape province
No full textCommissioned by Eastern Cape Socio Economic Consultative Council (ECSECC), MarchThe risk factors associated with non-vertical transmission of HIV/AIDS have not been identified conclusively, and further empirical research is needed to identify them. In a review of published evidence on HIV prevalence in paediatric health care settings in Africa, risks for horizontal transmission in African children exposed to health care settings mainly depend on the viral load, the specific procedures involved, and the care taken to implement infection control and universal al precautions (Gisselquist et al, 2004). Other factors contributing to non-vertical transmission include use of HIV-infected wet nursing, accidental switching of babies at birth, sexual abuse (Hiemstra et al, 2003).Considering the low efficiency of HIV transmission through sexual exposure- even for child rape (Brody et al, 2003; Lindegren et al, 1998; Van As et al 2001) - sexual abuse and premature sexual activity cannot explain more than exceptional cases; similarly, infected wet nurses and switching of babies are unlikely to account for more than rare cases. A study by Shisana, et al targeting children 2-9 years old in Free State South Africa, the first of it kind in sub-Saharan Africa, provided evidence on nosocomial infections (hospital and dental care) in children in South Africa. The study also identified the cultural risk factors in understanding HIV infection in children. Additional evidence suggestive of healthcare-related infections is based on a limited number of random surveys. Empirical evidence is needed on risk factors associated with non-vertical transmission of HIV/AIDS. Risk factors, including: hygiene practices and safety of medical equipment in health and dental facilities; breastfeeding of children by non-biological mothers; safety of blood supplies; child sexual abuse in the family and neighborhood context, or in relation to sex tourism; and some traditional medical practices. This report presents risk factors that predispose infants born HIV negative to HIV infection as from 6 weeks post-delivery to 12 months in 15 clinics within the Joe Gqabi District Municipality (previously Ukahlamba District) of the Eastern Cape Province
- …
